RF-EMF Research / Science

This file contains some of many research studies and other scientific material against genotoxic pulsed microwave pollution.


Scientists' Appeals:

Mobile Phone Health Effects

Key Cell Phone Radiation Research Studies

Scientific Evidence of Harm from Cell Phone Radiation: Two Years of Research

Cancer or Tumor Risk

Animal Research

National Toxicology Program (NTP) Finds Cell Phone Radiation Causes Cancer

National Toxicology Program: Peer & public review of cell phone radiation study reports

NTP: Not the First Govt. Study to Find Wireless Radiation Can Cause Cancer in Lab Rats

Ramazzini Institute Cell Phone Radiation Study Replicates NTP Study

Human Research

Acoustic Neuroma and Cell Phone Use

Cell phone and cordless phone use causes brain cancer: New review

Long-Term Cell Phone Use Increases Brain Tumor Risk

Storyline vs. Rest-of-the-story: Brain cancer incidence, cellphone use & trends data

Thyroid Cancer and Mobile Phone Use

Cell Phone Use and Salivary Gland Tumor Risk

MOBI-KIDS: Childhood Brain Tumor Risk & Mobile Phone Use Study

Why do many scientists believe mobile phone use increases cancer risk?

WHO Monograph on Cancer Risk from Mobile Phone Use

Brain Tumor Incidence

Brain Tumor Rates Are Rising in the US:The Role of Cellphone & Cordless Phone Use

Trends in Brain Tumor Incidence Outside the U.S.

The Incidence of Meningioma, a Non-Malignant Brain Tumor, is Increasing in the U.S.

Other Health Risks

Cell Phone Radiation

Wireless Radiation Health Risks

There are thousands of scientific studies conducted by independent researchers from around the world concerning the biological effects of RF radiation. Here are a few:

  1. Effects On Fetal And Newborn Development
    II. Effects On Young Children
    III. Brain Tumors
    IV. Parotid Gland Tumors
    V. Other Malignancies
    VI. Effects On DNA
    VII. Neurological/Cognitive Effects
    VIII. Effects On Male Fertility
    IX. Electromagnetic Sensitivity
    X. Effects On Implanted Medical Devices
    XI. 5G Effects
    XII. Miscellaneous Articles

    I. Effects On Fetal And Newborn Development

  1. "Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A prospective Cohort Study." Li, De-Kun, et al. Scientific Reports (2017).

  2. "Multiple Assessment Methods of Prenatal Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation from Telecommunication in the Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) Study." Choi, Ha, et al. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 29(6):959-972 (2016).

  3. "The Use of Signal-Transduction and Metabolic Pathways to Predict Human Disease Targets from Electric and Magnetic Fields Using in vitro Data in Human Cell Lines." Parham, Portier, et al. Frontiers in Public Health (2016).

  4. "A Review on Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and the Reproductive System." Asghari, Khaki, et al. Electronic Physician 8(7):2655-2662 (2016).

  5. "Genotoxicity Induced by Foetal and Infant Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Modulation of Ionising Radiation Effects." Udroiu, Antoccia, et al. PLoS One (2015).

  6. "Oxidative Stress of Brain and Liver is Increased by Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) Exposure of Rats During Pregnancy and the Development of Newborns." Çelik, Ömer, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):134-139 (2015).

  7. "Neurodegenerative Changes and Apoptosis Induced by Intrauterine and Extrauterine Exposure of Radiofrequency Radiation."Güler, Göknur, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):128-133 (2015).

  8. "Maternal Exposure to a Continuous 900-MHz Electromagnetic Field Provokes Neuronal Loss and Pathological Changes in Cerebellum of 32-Day-Old Female Rat Offspring." Odaci, Ersan, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):105-110 (2015).

  9. "Different Periods of Intrauterine Exposure to Electromagnetic Field: Influence on Female Rats' Fertility, Prenatal and Postnatal Development." Alchalabi, Aklilu, et al. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction 5(1):14-23 (2015).

  10. "Use of Mobile Phone During Pregnancy and the Risk of Spontaneous Abortion." Mahmoudabadi, Ziaei, et al. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 13:34 (2015).

  11. "Oxidative Mechanisms of Biological Activity of Low-Intensity Radiofrequency Radiation." Yakymenko, et al. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 34(3):1-16 (2015).

  12. "Effects of Prenatal 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field Exposures on the Histology of Rat Kidney." Ulubay, et al. International Journal of Radiation Biology 91(1):35-41 (2015).

  13. "The Effect of Exposure of Rats During Prenatal Period to Radiation Spreading from Mobile Phones on Renal Development. "Bedir, et al. Renal Failure 37(2):305-9 (2014).

  14. "Dosimetric Study of Fetal Exposure to Uniform Magnetic Fields at 50 Hz." Liorni, et al. Bioelectromagnetics 35(8):580-97 (2014).

  15. "Influence of Pregnancy Stage and Fetus Position on the Whole-Body and Local Exposure of the Fetus to RF-EMF." Varsier, et al. Physics in Medicine and Biology 59(17):4913-26 (2014).

  16. "Autism-Relevant Social Abnormalities in Mice Exposed Perinatally to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields."Alsaeed, et al. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 37:58-6 (2014).

  17. "Pyramidal Cell Loss in the Cornu Ammonis of 32-day-old Female Rats Following Exposure to a 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field During Prenatal Days 13–21." Bas, et al. NeuroQuantology Volume 11, Issue 4: 591-599 (2013).

  18. "The Effects of 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field Applied in the Prenatal Period on Spinal Cord Morphology and Motor Behavior in Female Rat Pups." Odaci, et al. NeuroQuantology Volume 11, Issue 4: 573-581 (2013).

  19. "Fetal Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure From 800-1900 MHz-Rated Cellular Telephones Affects Neurodevelopment and Behavior in Mice." Aldad, Gan, et al. Scientific Reports ;2(312) (2013).

  20. "Cranial and Postcranial Skeletal Variations Induced in Mouse Embryos by Mobile Phone Radiation." Fragopoulou, Koussoulakos, et al. Pathophysiology 17(3):169-77 (2010).

  21. "Dysbindin Modulates Prefrontal Cortical Glutamatergic Circuits and Working Memory Function in Mice." Jentsch, et al Neuropsychopharmacology 34, 2601–8 (2009).

  22. "Stress Signalling Pathways that Impair Prefrontal Cortex Structure and Function." Arnsten, A. F. National Review of Neuroscience 10, 410–22 (2009).

  23. "Maternal Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Brain Cancer in the Offspring." Li, Mclaughlin, et al. Cancer Causes & Control 20(6):945-55 (2009).

  24. "Reproductive and Developmental Effects of EMF in Vertebrate Animal Models." Pourlis, A.F. Pathophysiology 16(2-3):179-89 (2009).

  25. "Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Cell Phone Use and Behavioral Problems in Children." Divan, Kheifets, et al. Epidemiology19(4):523-29 (2008).

  26. "Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field on the Dentate Gyrus of Rats: A Stereological and Histopathological Study." Odaci, et al. Brain Research 1238: 224–229 (2008).

  27. "Exposure to Cell Phone Radiation Up-Regulates Apoptosis Genes in Primary Cultures of Neurons and Astrocytes." Zhao, et al. Science Digest 412: 34–38 (2007).

  28. "Cell Death Induced by GSM 900-MHz and DCS 1800-MHz Mobile Telephony Radiation." Panagopoulos, et al. Mutation Research626, 69–78 (2006).

  29. "Ultra High Frequency-Electromagnetic Field Irradiation During Pregnancy Leads to an Increase in Erythrocytes Micronuclei Incidence in Rat Offspring." Ferreira, Knakievicz, et al. Life Sciences 80(1):43-50 (2006).

  30. "Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Biederman, J. & Faraone, S. V. Lancet 366, 237–248 (2005).

  31. "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Overview of the Etiology and a Review of the Literature Relating to the Correlates and Lifecourse Outcomes for Men and Women." Brassett-Harknett, A. & Butler, N. Clinical Psychology Review 27,188–210 (2005).


  1. Effects On Young Children

  1. "Electromagnetic Fields, Pulsed Radiofrequency Radiation, and Epigenetics: How Wireless Technologies May Affect Childhood Development." Sage, C. & Burgio, E. Child Development (2017).

  2. "Prospective Cohort Analysis of Cellphone Use and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Children." Sudan, M, et al. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (2016).

  3. "Why Children Absorb More Microwave Radiation than Adults: The Consequences." Morgan, Kesari, et al. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2(4):196-204 (2014).

  4. "Epidemiological Characteristics of Mobile Phone Ownership and Use in Korean Children and Adolescents." Byun, Yoon-Hwan, et al. Environmental Health and Toxicology 28 (2013).

  5. "A Prospective Study of In-Utero Exposure to Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Obesity." Li, De-Kun, et al. Scientific Reports 2.540 (2012).

  6. "Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Cancer: Update of the Epidemiological evidence." Schüz and Joachim. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 107(3):339-42 (2011).

  7. "Cell Phone Use and Behavioural Problems in Young Children." Divan, Kheifets, et al. Journal of Epidemiol Community Health 66(6):524-9 (2010).

  8. "Mobile Phones, Radiofrequency Fields, and Health Effects in Children-Epidemiological Studies." Feychting, Maria. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 107(3):343-348 (2010).

  9. Exposure to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Behavioral Problems in Bavarian Children and Adolescents." Thomas, Silke, et al. European Journal of Epidemiology 25(2):135-41 (2009).

  10. "The Sensitivity of Children to Electromagnetic Fields." Repacholi, et al. Deventer. Journal of Pediatrics 116(2):303-313 (2005).

III. Brain Tumors

  1. ​"Report of Final Results Regarding Brain and Heart Tumors in Sprague-Dawley Rats Exposed From Prenatal Life Unitl Natural Death to Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Field Representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM Base Station Environmental Emission." Falcioni, L, et al. Environmental Research (2018).

  2. "The 2100 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation of a 3G-Mobile Phone and the DNA Oxidative Damage in Brain." Sahin, Ozgur, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):94-98 (2016).

  3. "Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and the Risk for Glioma - Analysis of Pooled Case- Control Studies in Sweden 1997-2003 and 2007-2009." Hardell and Carlberg. PathoPhysiology 22(1):1-13 (2015).

  4. "Mobile Phone Radiation Causes Brain Tumors and Should Be Classified as a Probable Human Carcinogen." Morgan, Miller, et al. International Journal of Oncology 46:1865-1871 (2015).

  5. "Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumours in the CERENAT Case-Control Study." Coureau, Bouvier, et al. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 71(7):514-22 (2014).

  6. "Use of Mobile Phones and Cordless Phones is Associated with Increased Risk for Glioma and Acoustic Neuroma." Hardell, Carberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 20(2):85-110 (2013).

  7. "Mobile Phones and Head Tumours: A Critical Analysis of Case-Control Epidemiological Studies." Levis, Minicuci, et al. Open Environmental Sciences 6(1):1-12 (2012).

  8. "On the Association Between Glioma, Wireless Phones, Heredity and Ionising Radiation." Carlberg and Hardell. PathoPhysiology19(4):243-252 (2012).

  9. "Mobile Phones and Head Tumours. The Discrepancies in Cause-Effect Relationships in the Epidemiological Studies - How Do They Arise?" Levis, Minicuci, et al. Environmental Health 10:59 (2011).

  10. "Indications of Possible Brain Tumour Risk in Mobile-Phone Studies: Should We Be Concerned?" Cardis and Sadetzki. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 68:169-171 (2011).

  11. "Estimating the Risk of Brain Tumors from Cell Phone Use: Published Case-Control Studies." Morgan, LL. Pathophysiology 16(2-3):137-147 (2009).

  12. "Cell Phones and Brain Tumors: A Review Including the Long-Term Epidemiologic Data." Khurana, Teo, et al. Surgical Neurology72(3):205-14 (2009).

  13. "Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between Use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases." Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  14. "Histopathological Examinations of Rat Brains After Long-Term Exposure to GSM Mobile Phone Radiation." Grafström, Gustav, et al. Brain Research Bulletin 77(5):257-63 (2008).

  15. "Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma." Lonn, Ahlbom, et al. Epidemiology 15(6):653-659 (2004).


  1. Parotid Gland Tumors

  1. "Does Cell Phone Use Increase the Chances of Parotid Gland Tumor Development? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." De Siqueira, de Souza, et al. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 45(11) (2016).

  2. "Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies on Acoustic Neuroma Diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007- 2009 and Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones." Hardell, Carlberg, et al. International Journal of Oncology 43(4):1036-144 (2015).

  3. "Using the Hill Viewpoints from 1965 for Evaluating Strengths of Evidence of the Risk for Brain Tumors Associated with use of Mobile and Cordless Phones." Hardell and Carlberg. Reviews on Environmental Health 28(2-3):97-106 (2013).

  4. "Case-Control study of the Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones and the Risk for Malignant Melanoma in the Head and Neck Region." Hardell, Carlberg, et al. Pathophysiology 18(4):325-333 (2011).

  5. "Correlation Between Cellular Phone Use and Epithelial Parotid Gland Malignancies." Duan, Zhang, et al. Clinical Paper Head and Oncology 40(9):966-7 (2011).

  6. "Mobile Phones Use and Risk of Tumors: A Meta-Analysis." Mynf, Ju, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 27(33):5565-72 (2009).

  7. "Mobile Phone, Cordless Phones and the Risk for Brain Tumours." Hardell and Carlberg. International Journal of Oncology 35(1):5-17 (2009).

  8. "Public Health Implications of Wireless Technologies." Sage and Carpenter. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):233-46 (2009).

  9. "Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases." Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  10. "Cell Phone Use and Risk of Benign and Malignant Parotid Gland Tumors - A Nationwide Case- Control Study." Sadetzki, Chetrit, et al. American Journal of Epidemiology 167(4):457-467 (2008).


  1. Other Malignancies

  1. "Tumor Promotion by Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Below Exposure Limits for Humans." Lerchl, Klose, et al. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 459(4):585-590 (2015).

  2. "Swedish Review Strengthen Grounds for Concluding that Radiation from Cellular and Cordless Phones is a Probable Human Carcinogen." Davis, Kesari, et al. Pathophysiology 20(2):123-129 (2013).

  3. "Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact Between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones." West, Kapoor, et al. Case Reports in Medicine (2013).

  4. "Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between Use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases." Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  5. "Study on Potential Effects of "902 MHz GSM-type Wireless Communication Signals" on DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumours in Sprague-Dawley Rats." Hruby, Neubauer, et al. Mutation Research 649(1-2):34-44 (2008).


  1. Effects On DNA

  1. "Microwaves from Mobile Phones Inhibit 53BP1 Focus Formation in Human Stem Cells More Strongly Than in Differentiated Cells: Possible Mechanistic Link to Cancer Risk." Markova, Malmgren, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 118(3):394-399 (2010).

  2. "Radiofrequency Radiation and Gene/Protein Expression: A Review." McNamee and Chauhan. Radiation Research 172(3):265-287 (2009).

  3. "Evaluation of HSP70 Expression and DNA Damage in Cells of a Human Trophoblast Cell Line Exposed to 1.8GHz Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Fields." Valbonesi, Franzellotto, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):270-279 (2008).

  4. "Gene and Protein Expression Following Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields from Mobile Phones." Vanderstraeten and Verschaeve. Environmental Health Perspectives 116(9):1131-5 (2008).

  5. "Nonthermal Effects of RadioFrequency-Field Exposure on Calcium Dynamics in Stem Cell- derived Neuronal Cells: Elucidation of Calcium Pathways." Rao, Titushkin, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):319-329 (2008).

  6. "Gene Expression Changes in the Skin of Rats Induced by Prolonged 35 GHz Millimeter-Wave Exposure." Millenbaugh, Roth, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):288-300 (2008).

  7. "DNA Damage in Molt-4 T-lymphoblastoid Cells Exposed to Cellular Telephone Radiofrequency Fields in Vitro." Philips, Ivaschuk, et al. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 45(1):103-110 (1998).

VII. Neurological/Cognitive Effects

  1. "A Prospective Cohort Study of Adolescents’ Memory Performance and Individual Brain Dose of Microwave Radiation from Wireless Communication." Foerster, M., et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 126(7) (2018).

  2. "Electromagnetic Radiation 2450 MHz Exposure Causes Cognition Deficit with Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Activation of Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis in Rats." Gupta, S.K., Mesharam, M.K., and Krishnamurthy, S. Journal of Biosciences 43(2) 263-276 (2018).

  3. "The Effect of Wi-Fi Electromagnetic Waves in Unimodal and Multimodal Object Recognition Tasks in Male Rats." Hassanshahi, A., et al. Neurological Sciences 38(6):1069-1076 (2017).

  4. "Effects of Short and Long Term Electromagnetic Fields Exposure on the Human Hippocampus." Deniz, O.G., et al. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 5(4):191-197 (2017).

  5. "Effects of Long Term Exposure of 900-1800 MHz Radiation Emitted from 2G Mobile Phone on Mice Hippocampus – A Histomorphometric Study." Mugunthan, Shanmugasamy, et al. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 10(8):AF01-6 (2016).

  6. "Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure Threshold in Mice." Kouchaki, Motaghedifard, et al. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 19(7):800-3 (2016).

  7. "Effects of 3 Hz and 60Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and ElectroPhysiological Properties of Male Rats." Rostami, Shahani, et al. J Lasers Medical Science 7(2):120-125 (2016).

  8. "Short-Term Memory in Mice is Affected by Mobile Phone Radiation." Ntzouni, Stamatakis, et al. PathoPhysiology 18(3):193-199 (2011).

  9. "Use of Mobile Phones and Changes in Cognitive Function in Adolescents." Thomas, Benke, et al. Occupational Environmental Medicine 67(12):861-866 (2010).

  10. "Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Mammalian Brain 7 Days After Exposure to the Radiation from a GSM-900 Mobile Phone." Nittby, Brun, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):103-112 (2009).

  11. "Effects of GSM 1800 MHz on Dendritic Development of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons." Ning, Xu, et al. Acta Pharmacol Sin28(12):1873-1880 (2007).

  12. "Neurological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation." Lai, Henry. Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems1:27-80 (1994).

VIII. Effects On Male Fertility

  1. "Aloe Arborescens Juice Prevents EMF-Induced Oxidative Stress and Thus Protects from Pathophysiology in the Male Reproductive System In Vitro." Solek, P., Majchrowics, L., and Koziorowski, M. Environmental Research 166:141-149 (2018).

  2. "The Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Sperm Function." Houston, Nixon, et al. Reproduction (2016)

  3. "Male Fertility and its Association with Occupational and Mobile Phone Tower Hazards: An Analytical Study." Al-Quzwini, Al-Taee, et al. Middle East Fertility Society Journal (2016).

  4. "Sperm DNA Damage – The Effect of Stress and Everyday Life Factors." Radwan, M, et al. International Journal of Impotence Research 28, 148-154 (2016).

  5. "Electromagnetic Radiation at 900 MHz Induces Sperm Apoptosis through bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 Signaling Pathways in Rats."Liu, Si, et al. Journal of Reproductive Health 12:65 (2015).

  6. "Habits of Cell Phone usage and Sperm Quality - Does It Warrant Attention?" Zilverlight, Wiener-Megnazi, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 31(3):421-426 (2015).

  7. "Extremely Low frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Spermatogenic Germ Cell Apoptosis: Possible Mechanism." Lee, Park, et al. BioMed Research International (2014).

  8. "In Vitro Effect of Cell Phone Radiation on Motility, DNA Fragmentation and Clusterin Gene Expression in Human Sperm." Zalata, El-Samanoudy, et al. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 9(1):129-136 (2014).

  9. "Effect of Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Reproductive System." Gye and Park. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine 39(1):1-19 (2012).

  10. "Effects of the Exposure of Mobile Phones on Male Reproduction: A Review of the Literature." Vignera, Condorelli, et al. Journal of Andrology 33(3):350-356 (2012).

  11. "Mobile Phone Radiation Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage in Human Spermatozoa In Vitro." Luliis, Newey, et al. PLoS ONE 4(7) (2009).

  12. "Exposure to Magnetic fields and the Risk of Poor Sperm Quality." Li, Yan, et al. Journal of Reproductive Toxicology 29(1):86-92 (2009).

  13. "Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation (Rf-EMR) from GSM Mobile Phones Induces Oxidative Stress and Reduces Sperm Motility in Rats." Mailankot, Kunnath, et al. Clinical Science 64(6):561-5 (2009).

  14. "Cell Phones: Modern Man's Nemesis?" Makker, Varghese, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 18(1):148-157 (2008).

  15. "Indicative SAR Levels Due to an Active Mobile Phone in a Front Trouser Pocket in Proximity to Common Metallic Objects."Whittow, Panagamuwa, et al. Propagation Conference 149-152 (2008).

  16. "Cell Phones and Male Infertility: Dissecting the Relationship." Deepinder, Makker, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 15(3):266-270 (2007).

  17. "Evaluation of the Effect of Using Mobile Phones on Male Fertility." Wdowiak, Wiktor, et al. Annals of Agricultural and Medicine14(1):169-172 (2007).

  18. "Effect of Cell Phone Usage on Semen Analysis in Men Attending Infertility Clinic: An Observational Study." Agarwal, Deepinder, et al. American Society for Reproductive Medicine 89(1):124-8 (2008).


  1. Electromagnetic Sensitivity

  1. "Functional Brain MRI in Patients Complaining of Electrohypersensitivity After Long Term Exposure to Electromagnectic Fields." Heuser, G. & Heuser, S. Reviews on Environmental Health 32(3):291-299 (2016).

  2. "Hot Nano Spots" as an Interpretation of So-Called Non-Thermal Biological Mobile Phone Effects." Pfutzner, Helmut. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 8(3):62-69 (2016).

  3. "Analysis of the Genotoxic Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation Using Buccal Micronucleus Assay: A Comparative Evaluation."Banerjee, Singh, et al. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 10 (3):ZC82-ZC85 (2016).

  4. "Tinnitus and Cell Phones: The Role of Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation." Medeiros and Sanchez. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 82(1):97-104 (2016).

  5. "Microwave Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) Produce Widespread Neuropsychiatric Effects Including Depression." Pall, Martin L. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy (2015).

  6. "Subjective Symptoms Related to GSM Radiation from Mobile Phone Base Stations: a Cross- Sectional Study." Gomez-Perretta, Navarro, et al. BMJ Open 3.12 (2013).

  7. "Green Communication- A Stipulation to Reduce Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity from Cellular Phones." Kumar, Khan, et al. Procedia Technology 4:682-686 (2012).

  8. "Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity: Fact or Fiction?" Genius and Lipp. Science of the Total Environment 414(1):103-112 (2012).

  9. "Neurobehavioral Effects Among Inhabitants Around Mobile Phone Base Stations." Abdel-Rassoul, El-Fateh, et al. NeuroToxicology28(2):434-440 (2007).

  10. "Establishing the Health Risks of Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields Requires Multidisciplinary Research." Hietanen, Maila. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment, and Health 32(3):169-170 (2006).

  11. "Hypersensitivity of Human Subjects to Environmental Electric and Magnetic Field Exposure: A Review of the Literature."Levallois, Patrick. Environmental Health Perspectives 110(4):613-8 (2002).

  12. "Electric Hypersensitivity and Neurophysical Effects of Cellular Phones - Facts or Needless Anxiety?" Harma, Mikko Ilmari. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment and Health 26(2):85-86 (2000).


  1. Effects On Implanted Medical Devices

  1. "Ad Hoc Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing of Non-Implantable Medical Devices and Radio Frequency Identification."Seidman and Guag. Biomedical Engineering OnLine 12:71 (2013).

  2. "Electromagnetic Interference of Pacemakers." Lakshmanadoss, Chinnachamy, et al. Interchopen 229-252 (2011).

  3. "Interference Between Mobile Phones and Pacemakers: A Look Inside." Censi, Calcagnini, et al. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità 43(3):254-259 (2007).

  4. "Electromagnetic Interference on Pacemakers." Erdogan, Okan. Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal 2(3):74-78 (2002).

  5. "Electromagnetic Interference in Patients with Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Implantable Loop Recorders." Sousa, Klein, et al. Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal 2(3):79-84 (2002).

  6. "Radiofrequency Interference with Medical Devices. A Technical Information Statement. IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 17(3):111-4 (1998).

  7. "Cellular Telephones and Pacemakers: Urgent Call or Wrong Number?" Ellenbogen and Wood. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 27(6):1478-9 (1996).


  1. 5G Effects

  1. "5G Wireless Telecommunications Expansion: Public Health and Environmental Implications." Russell, C.L. Environmental Research 165:484-495 (2018).

  2. "The Human Skin As A Sub-THz Receiver – Does 5G Pose a Danger To It or Not?" Betzalel, N., Ishai, P.B., and Feldman, Y. Environmental Research 163:208-216 (2018).

  3. "The Modeling of the Absorbance of Sun-THz Radiation by Human Skin." Betzalel, N., Feldman, Y., and Ishai, P.B. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 7(5):521-528 (2017).


XII. Miscellaneous Articles

  1. "Non-Ionizing EMF Hazard in the 21st Century." Koh, W.J., and Moochhala, S.M. IEEE (2018).

  2. "Thermal and Non-Thermal Health Effects of Low Intensity Non-Ionizing Radiation: An International Perspective." Belpomme, D., et al. Environmental Pollution 242(A):643-658 (2018).

  3. "Comparison of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels in Different Everyday Microenvironments in an International Context." Sagar, S, et al. Environmental International 114:297-306 (2018).

  4. "Radiation from Wireless Technology Elevates Blood Glucose and Body Temperature in 40-Year-Old Type 1 Diabetic Male." Kleiber, C. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 36:3 259-264 (2017).

  5. "Cardiovascular Disease: Time to Identify Emerging Environmental Risk Factors." Bandara, P. & Weller, S. European Journal of Preventative Cardiology (2017).

  6. "An Investigation of the Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Human Electrocardiograms (ECGs)." Fang, Mahmoud, et al. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13(11) (2016).

  7. "Effects of Exposure to 2100MHz GSM-like Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Auditory System of Rats." Celiker, Ozgur, et al. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology (2016).

  8. "Evaluation of the Protective Role of Vitamin C on the Metabolic and Enxymatic Activities of the Liver in the Male Rats After Exposure to 2.45 GHz of Wi-Fi Routers." Shekoohi-Shooli, F., et al. Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering 6(3):157-164 (2016).

  9. "Exposure of ELF-EMF and RF-EMF Increase the Rate of Glucose Transport and TCA Cycle in Budding Yeast." Lin, Yan, et al. Frontiers in Microbiology (2016).

  10. "Awareness Campaign Against Cell Phone Radiation Hazard: Case Study Oman." Osmen and Saar. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 205(9):381-385 (2015).

  11. "Electromagnetic Energy Radiated from Mobile Phone Alters Electrocardiographic Records of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease." Alhusseiny, Al-Nimer, et al. Annals of Medical and Health Science Research 2(2):146-151 (2012).

  12. "Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation on Human Ferritin: An in vitro Enzymun Assay." Fattahi-asl, Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi, et al. Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors 2(4):235-240 (2012).

  13. "Apoptosis is Induced by Radiofrequency Fields through the Caspase-Independent Mitochondrial Pathway in Cortical Neurons."Joubert, Bourthoumieu, et al. Radiation Research 169(1):38-45 (2008).

  14. "Source of Funding and Results of Studies of Health Effects of Mobile Phone Use: Systematic Review of Experimental Studies."Huss, Egger, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(1):1-4 (2007).

  15. "Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure." Ahlbom, Green, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 112(17):1741-1753 (2004).

  16. "The Possible Role of Radiofrequency Radiation in the Development of Uveal Melanoma" Stang, Anastassiou, et al. Journal of Epidemiology 12(1):7-12 (2001).

  17. "Biological Effects of Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Radiation." Juutilainen and Seze. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment and Health 24(2):245-254 (1998).

    (courtesy https://www.telecompowergrab.org/science.html)


Independent Science on the Effect of Wireless Radiation on Human Health

There are more than 1,000 scientific studies conducted by independent researchers from around the world concerning the biological effects of RF radiation. Here we present some of the most recent.

I. Effects On Fetal And Newborn Development

  1. Mother’s Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Before and During Pregnancy is Associated with Risk of Speech Problems in Offspring. Zarei, S., et al. Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering 9(1):61-68 (2019).

  2. Prenatal Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field and Its Impact on Fetal Growth. Ren, Y., et al. Environmental Health (2019).

  3. The Effects of Radio Frequency Radiation on Mice Fetus Weight, Length and Tissues. Alimohammadi, I., et al. Data in Brief 19:2189-2194 (2018).

  4. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to WiFi Signal (2.45 GHz) on Postnatal Development and Behavior in Rat: Influence of Maternal Restraint. Othman, H., et al. Behavioral Brain Research 326: 291-301 (2017).

  5. Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A prospective Cohort Study. Li, De-Kun, et al. Scientific Reports (2017).

  6. Postnatal Development and Behavior Effects of In-Utero Exposure of Rats to Radiofrequency Waves Emitted From Conventional WiFi Devices. Othman, H., et al. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 52:239-247 (2017).

  7. Lasting Hepatotoxic Effects of Prenatal Mobile Phone Exposure. Yilmaz, A., et al. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 30(11): 1355-1359 (2017).

  8. Multiple Assessment Methods of Prenatal Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation from Telecommunication in the Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) Study. Choi, Ha, et al. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 29(6):959-972 (2016).

  9. The Use of Signal-Transduction and Metabolic Pathways to Predict Human Disease Targets from Electric and Magnetic Fields Using in vitro Data in Human Cell Lines. Parham, Portier, et al. Frontiers in Public Health (2016).

  10. A Review on Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and the Reproductive System. Asghari, Khaki, et al. Electronic Physician 8(7):2655-2662 (2016).

  11. Genotoxicity Induced by Foetal and Infant Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Modulation of Ionising Radiation Effects. Udroiu, Antoccia, et al. PLoS One (2015).

  12. Oxidative Stress of Brain and Liver is Increased by Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) Exposure of Rats During Pregnancy and the Development of Newborns. Çelik, Ömer, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):134-139 (2015).

  13. Neurodegenerative Changes and Apoptosis Induced by Intrauterine and Extrauterine Exposure of Radiofrequency Radiation. Güler, Göknur, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):128-133 (2015).

  14. Maternal Exposure to a Continuous 900-MHz Electromagnetic Field Provokes Neuronal Loss and Pathological Changes in Cerebellum of 32-Day-Old Female Rat Offspring. Odaci, Ersan, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):105-110 (2015).

  15. Different Periods of Intrauterine Exposure to Electromagnetic Field: Influence on Female Rats' Fertility, Prenatal and Postnatal Development. Alchalabi, Aklilu, et al. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction 5(1):14-23 (2015).

  16. Use of Mobile Phone During Pregnancy and the Risk of Spontaneous Abortion. Mahmoudabadi, Ziaei, et al. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 13:34 (2015).

  17. Oxidative Mechanisms of Biological Activity of Low-Intensity Radiofrequency Radiation. Yakymenko, et al. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 34(3):1-16 (2015).

  18. Effects of Prenatal 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field Exposures on the Histology of Rat Kidney. Ulubay, et al. International Journal of Radiation Biology 91(1):35-41 (2015).

  19. The Effect of Exposure of Rats During Prenatal Period to Radiation Spreading from Mobile Phones on Renal Development. Bedir, et al. Renal Failure 37(2):305-9 (2014).

  20. Dosimetric Study of Fetal Exposure to Uniform Magnetic Fields at 50 Hz. Liorni, et al. Bioelectromagnetics 35(8):580-97 (2014).

  21. Influence of Pregnancy Stage and Fetus Position on the Whole-Body and Local Exposure of the Fetus to RF-EMF. Varsier, et al. Physics in Medicine and Biology 59(17):4913-26 (2014).

  22. Autism-Relevant Social Abnormalities in Mice Exposed Perinatally to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. Alsaeed, et al. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 37:58-6 (2014).

  23. Pyramidal Cell Loss in the Cornu Ammonis of 32-day-old Female Rats Following Exposure to a 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field During Prenatal Days 13–21. Bas, et al. NeuroQuantology Volume 11, Issue 4: 591-599 (2013).

  24. The Effects of 900 Megahertz Electromagnetic Field Applied in the Prenatal Period on Spinal Cord Morphology and Motor Behavior in Female Rat Pups. Odaci, et al. NeuroQuantology Volume 11, Issue 4: 573-581 (2013).

  25. Fetal Radiofrequency Radiation Exposure From 800-1900 MHz-Rated Cellular Telephones Affects Neurodevelopment and Behavior in Mice. Aldad, Gan, et al. Scientific Reports 2(312) (2013).

  26. Cranial and Postcranial Skeletal Variations Induced in Mouse Embryos by Mobile Phone Radiation. Fragopoulou, Koussoulakos, et al. Pathophysiology 17(3):169-77 (2010).

  27. Dysbindin Modulates Prefrontal Cortical Glutamatergic Circuits and Working Memory Function in Mice. Jentsch, et al Neuropsychopharmacology 34, 2601–8 (2009).

  28. Stress Signalling Pathways that Impair Prefrontal Cortex Structure and Function. Arnsten, A. F. National Review of Neuroscience 10, 410–22 (2009).

  29. Maternal Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Brain Cancer in the Offspring. Li, Mclaughlin, et al. Cancer Causes & Control 20(6):945-55 (2009).

  30. Reproductive and Developmental Effects of EMF in Vertebrate Animal Models. Pourlis, A.F. Pathophysiology 16(2-3):179-89 (2009).1

  31. Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Cell Phone Use and Behavioral Problems in Children. Divan, Kheifets, et al. Epidemiology19(4):523-29 (2008).

  32. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field on the Dentate Gyrus of Rats: A Stereological and Histopathological Study. Odaci, et al. Brain Research 1238: 224–229 (2008).

  33. Exposure to Cell Phone Radiation Up-Regulates Apoptosis Genes in Primary Cultures of Neurons and Astrocytes. Zhao, et al. Science Digest 412: 34–38 (2007).

  34. Cell Death Induced by GSM 900-MHz and DCS 1800-MHz Mobile Telephony Radiation. Panagopoulos, et al. Mutation Research626, 69–78 (2006).

  35. Ultra High Frequency-Electromagnetic Field Irradiation During Pregnancy Leads to an Increase in Erythrocytes Micronuclei Incidence in Rat Offspring. Ferreira, Knakievicz, et al. Life Sciences 80(1):43-50 (2006).

  36. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Biederman, J. & Faraone, S. V. Lancet 366, 237–248 (2005).

  37. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Overview of the Etiology and a Review of the Literature Relating to the Correlates and Lifecourse Outcomes for Men and Women. Brassett-Harknett, A. & Butler, N. Clinical Psychology Review 27,188–210 (2005).

II. Effects On Young Children

  1. Electromagnetic Fields, Pulsed Radiofrequency Radiation, and Epigenetics: How Wireless Technologies May Affect Childhood Development. Sage, C. & Burgio, E. Child Development (2017).

  2. Prospective Cohort Analysis of Cellphone Use and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Children. Sudan, M, et al. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (2016).

  3. Why Children Absorb More Microwave Radiation than Adults: The Consequences. Morgan, Kesari, et al. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2(4):196-204 (2014).

  4. Epidemiological Characteristics of Mobile Phone Ownership and Use in Korean Children and Adolescents. Byun, Yoon-Hwan, et al. Environmental Health and Toxicology 28 (2013).

  5. A Prospective Study of In-Utero Exposure to Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Obesity. Li, De-Kun, et al. Scientific Reports 2.540 (2012).

  6. Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Childhood Cancer: Update of the Epidemiological evidence. Schüz and Joachim. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 107(3):339-42 (2011).

  7. Cell Phone Use and Behavioural Problems in Young Children. Divan, Kheifets, et al. Journal of Epidemiol Community Health 66(6):524-9 (2010).

  8. Mobile Phones, Radiofrequency Fields, and Health Effects in Children-Epidemiological Studies. Feychting, Maria. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 107(3):343-348 (2010).

  9. Exposure to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Behavioral Problems in Bavarian Children and Adolescents. Thomas, Silke, et al. European Journal of Epidemiology 25(2):135-41 (2009).

  10. The Sensitivity of Children to Electromagnetic Fields. Repacholi, et al. Deventer. Journal of Pediatrics 116(2):303-313 (2005).

III. Brain Tumors

  1. Simulation of The Incidence of Malignant Brain Tumors in Birth Cohorts That Started Using Mobile Phones When They First Became Popular in Japan. Sato, Y., Kojimahara, N., and Yamaguchi, N. Bioelectromagnetics 40(3): 143-149 (2019).

  2. ​Report of Final Results Regarding Brain and Heart Tumors in Sprague-Dawley Rats Exposed From Prenatal Life Unitl Natural Death to Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Field Representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM Base Station Environmental Emission. Falcioni, L, et al. Environmental Research (2018).

  3. Exposure to Cell Phone Radiofrequency Changes Corticotrophin Hormone Levels and Histology of The Brain and Adrenal Glands in Male Wistar Rat. Shahabi, S., et al. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 21:1269-1274 (2018).

  4. Brain Tumours: Rise in Glioblastoma Multiforme Incidence in England 1995-2015 Suggests an Adverse Environmental or Lifestyle Factor. Philips, A., et al. Journal of Environmental and Public Health (2018).

  5. The 2100 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation of a 3G-Mobile Phone and the DNA Oxidative Damage in Brain. Sahin, Ozgur, et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 75(B):94-98 (2016).

  6. Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and the Risk for Glioma - Analysis of Pooled Case- Control Studies in Sweden 1997-2003 and 2007-2009. Hardell and Carlberg. PathoPhysiology 22(1):1-13 (2015).

  7. Mobile Phone Radiation Causes Brain Tumors and Should Be Classified as a Probable Human Carcinogen. Morgan, Miller, et al. International Journal of Oncology 46:1865-1871 (2015).

  8. Mobile Phone Use and Brain Tumours in the CERENAT Case-Control Study. Coureau, Bouvier, et al. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 71(7):514-22 (2014).

  9. Use of Mobile Phones and Cordless Phones is Associated with Increased Risk for Glioma and Acoustic Neuroma. Hardell, Carberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 20(2):85-110 (2013).

  10. Mobile Phones and Head Tumours: A Critical Analysis of Case-Control Epidemiological Studies. Levis, Minicuci, et al. Open Environmental Sciences 6(1):1-12 (2012).

  11. On the Association Between Glioma, Wireless Phones, Heredity and Ionising Radiation. Carlberg and Hardell. PathoPhysiology19(4):243-252 (2012).

  12. Mobile Phones and Head Tumours. The Discrepancies in Cause-Effect Relationships in the Epidemiological Studies - How Do They Arise? Levis, Minicuci, et al. Environmental Health 10:59 (2011).

  13. Indications of Possible Brain Tumour Risk in Mobile-Phone Studies: Should We Be Concerned? Cardis and Sadetzki. Occupational & Environmental Medicine 68:169-171 (2011).

  14. Estimating the Risk of Brain Tumors from Cell Phone Use: Published Case-Control Studies. Morgan, LL. Pathophysiology 16(2-3):137-147 (2009).

  15. Cell Phones and Brain Tumors: A Review Including the Long-Term Epidemiologic Data. Khurana, Teo, et al. Surgical Neurology72(3):205-14 (2009).

  16. Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between Use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases. Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  17. Histopathological Examinations of Rat Brains After Long-Term Exposure to GSM Mobile Phone Radiation. Grafström, Gustav, et al. Brain Research Bulletin 77(5):257-63 (2008).

  18. Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma. Lonn, Ahlbom, et al. Epidemiology 15(6):653-659 (2004).

IV. Parotid Gland Tumors

  1. Influence of Handheld Mobiles on Parotid: A Cohort Study. Ranjitha, G., et al. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine & Radiology 29:254-258 (2017).

  2. Does Cell Phone Use Increase the Chances of Parotid Gland Tumor Development? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. De Siqueira, de Souza, et al. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 45(11) (2016).

  3. Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies on Acoustic Neuroma Diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007- 2009 and Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones. Hardell, Carlberg, et al. International Journal of Oncology 43(4):1036-144 (2015).

  4. Using the Hill Viewpoints from 1965 for Evaluating Strengths of Evidence of the Risk for Brain Tumors Associated with use of Mobile and Cordless Phones. Hardell and Carlberg. Reviews on Environmental Health 28(2-3):97-106 (2013).

  5. Case-Control study of the Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones and the Risk for Malignant Melanoma in the Head and Neck Region. Hardell, Carlberg, et al. Pathophysiology 18(4):325-333 (2011).

  6. Correlation Between Cellular Phone Use and Epithelial Parotid Gland Malignancies. Duan, Zhang, et al. Clinical Paper Head and Oncology 40(9):966-7 (2011).

  7. Mobile Phones Use and Risk of Tumors: A Meta-Analysis. Mynf, Ju, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 27(33):5565-72 (2009).

  8. Mobile Phone, Cordless Phones and the Risk for Brain Tumours. Hardell and Carlberg. International Journal of Oncology 35(1):5-17 (2009).

  9. Public Health Implications of Wireless Technologies. Sage and Carpenter. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):233-46 (2009).

  10. Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases. Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  11. Cell Phone Use and Risk of Benign and Malignant Parotid Gland Tumors - A Nationwide Case- Control Study. Sadetzki, Chetrit, et al. American Journal of Epidemiology 167(4):457-467 (2008).

V. Other Malignancies

  1. The Carcinogenic Potential of Non-Ionizing Radiations: The Cases of S-50 Hz MF and 1.8 GHz GSM Radiofrequency Radiation. Soffritti, M. and Giuliani, L. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology (2019).

  2. Tumor Promotion by Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Below Exposure Limits for Humans. Lerchl, Klose, et al. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 459(4):585-590 (2015).

  3. Swedish Review Strengthen Grounds for Concluding that Radiation from Cellular and Cordless Phones is a Probable Human Carcinogen. Davis, Kesari, et al. Pathophysiology 20(2):123-129 (2013).

  4. Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact Between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones. West, Kapoor, et al. Case Reports in Medicine (2013).

  5. Epidemiological Evidence for an Association Between Use of Wireless Phones and Tumor Diseases. Hardell, Carlberg, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):113-122 (2009).

  6. Study on Potential Effects of "902 MHz GSM-type Wireless Communication Signals" on DMBA-Induced Mammary Tumours in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Hruby, Neubauer, et al. Mutation Research 649(1-2):34-44 (2008).

VI. Effects On DNA

  1. Microwaves from Mobile Phones Inhibit 53BP1 Focus Formation in Human Stem Cells More Strongly Than in Differentiated Cells: Possible Mechanistic Link to Cancer Risk. Markova, Malmgren, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 118(3):394-399 (2010).

  2. Radiofrequency Radiation and Gene/Protein Expression: A Review. McNamee and Chauhan. Radiation Research 172(3):265-287 (2009).

  3. Evaluation of HSP70 Expression and DNA Damage in Cells of a Human Trophoblast Cell Line Exposed to 1.8GHz Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Fields. Valbonesi, Franzellotto, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):270-279 (2008).

  4. Gene and Protein Expression Following Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields from Mobile Phones. Vanderstraeten and Verschaeve. Environmental Health Perspectives 116(9):1131-5 (2008).

  5. Nonthermal Effects of RadioFrequency-Field Exposure on Calcium Dynamics in Stem Cell- derived Neuronal Cells: Elucidation of Calcium Pathways. Rao, Titushkin, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):319-329 (2008).

  6. Gene Expression Changes in the Skin of Rats Induced by Prolonged 35 GHz Millimeter-Wave Exposure. Millenbaugh, Roth, et al. Radiation Research 169(3):288-300 (2008).

  7. DNA Damage in Molt-4 T-lymphoblastoid Cells Exposed to Cellular Telephone Radiofrequency Fields in Vitro. Philips, Ivaschuk, et al. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 45(1):103-110 (1998).

VII. Neurological/Cognitive Effects

  1. Early-Life Exposure to Pulsed LTE Radiofrequency Fields Causes Persistent Changes in Activity and Behavior in C57BL/6 J Mice. Broom, K., et al. Bio Electro Magnetics 40(7):498-511 (2019).

  2. Are Rises in Electro-Magnetic Field in The Human Environment, Interacting with Multiple Environmental Pollutions, The Tripping Point for Increases in Neurological Deaths in the Western World? Pritchard, C., Silk, A. and Hansen, L. Medical Hypotheses 127: 76-83 (2019).

  3. Effect of 1800-2100 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation on Learning-Memory and Hippocampal Morphology in Swiss Albino Mice. Kishore, G., Venkatashu, K., and Sridevi, N. Jorunal of Clincal and Diagnostic Research 12(2): 14-17 (2019).

  4. Monitoring of BALB/C Strain Mice Health, Investigation of Behavior, Hematological Parameters Under the Effect of an Electromagnetic Field. Zymantiene, J., et al. Medycyna Weterynarjna 75(03): 158-163 (2019).

  5. 2.45 GHz Microwave Radiation Impairs Learning, Memory, and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in The Rat. Karimi, N., et al. Toxicology and Industrial Health 34(12): 873-883 (2018).

  6. Mobile Phone Distance From Head and Temperature Changes of Radio Frequency Waves on Brain Tissue. Forouharmajd, F., Ebrahimi, H. and Pourabdian, S. International Journal of Preventative Medicine (2018).

  7. A Prospective Cohort Study of Adolescents’ Memory Performance and Individual Brain Dose of Microwave Radiation from Wireless Communication. Foerster, M., et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 126(7) (2018).

  8. Electromagnetic Radiation 2450 MHz Exposure Causes Cognition Deficit with Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Activation of Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis in Rats. Gupta, S.K., Mesharam, M.K., and Krishnamurthy, S. Journal of Biosciences 43(2) 263-276 (2018).

  9. The Effect of Wi-Fi Electromagnetic Waves in Unimodal and Multimodal Object Recognition Tasks in Male Rats. Hassanshahi, A., et al. Neurological Sciences 38(6):1069-1076 (2017).

  10. Effects of Short and Long Term Electromagnetic Fields Exposure on the Human Hippocampus. Deniz, O.G., et al. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 5(4):191-197 (2017).

  11. Effects of Long Term Exposure of 900-1800 MHz Radiation Emitted from 2G Mobile Phone on Mice Hippocampus – A Histomorphometric Study. Mugunthan, Shanmugasamy, et al. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 10(8):AF01-6 (2016).

  12. Effect of Mobile Phone Radiation on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure Threshold in Mice. Kouchaki, Motaghedifard, et al. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 19(7):800-3 (2016).

  13. Effects of 3 Hz and 60Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and ElectroPhysiological Properties of Male Rats. Rostami, Shahani, et al. J Lasers Medical Science 7(2):120-125 (2016).

  14. Short-Term Memory in Mice is Affected by Mobile Phone Radiation. Ntzouni, Stamatakis, et al. PathoPhysiology 18(3):193-199 (2011).

  15. Use of Mobile Phones and Changes in Cognitive Function in Adolescents. Thomas, Benke, et al. Occupational Environmental Medicine 67(12):861-866 (2010).

  16. Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Mammalian Brain 7 Days After Exposure to the Radiation from a GSM-900 Mobile Phone. Nittby, Brun, et al. PathoPhysiology 16(2-3):103-112 (2009).

  17. Effects of GSM 1800 MHz on Dendritic Development of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons. Ning, Xu, et al. Acta Pharmacol Sin28(12):1873-1880 (2007).

  18. Neurological Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation. Lai, Henry. Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems1:27-80 (1994).

VIII. Effects On Male Fertility

  1. Long-Term Exposure to 4G Smartphone Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Diminished Male Reproductive Portential by Directly Disrupting Spck3-MMP2-BTB Axis in the Testes of Adult Rats. Yu, G., et al. Science of The Total Environment 698 (2020).

  2. Radiations and Male Fertility. Kesari, K., Agarwal, A. and Henkel, R. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 16(118) (2018).

  3. The Effect of 2.45 GHz Non-Ionizing Radiation on the Structure and Ultrastructure of The Testis in Juvenile Rats. Šimaiová, V., et al. Histology and Histopathology 34(4):391-403 (2018).

  4. Modulatory Effect of 900 MHz Radiation on Biochemical and Reproductive Parameters in Rats. Narayana, SN., et al. Bratislava Medical Journal119(9):581-587 (2018).

  5. Aloe Arborescens Juice Prevents EMF-Induced Oxidative Stress and Thus Protects from Pathophysiology in the Male Reproductive System In Vitro. Solek, P., Majchrowics, L., and Koziorowski, M. Environmental Research 166:141-149 (2018).

  6. Radiofrequency Radiation (900 MHz)-Induced DNA Damage and Cell Cycle Arrest in Testicular Germ Cells in Swiss Albino Mice. Pandey, N., et al. Toxicology and Industrial Health 33(4) 373-384 (2017).

  7. The Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Sperm Function. Houston, Nixon, et al. Reproduction (2016)

  8. Male Fertility and its Association with Occupational and Mobile Phone Tower Hazards: An Analytical Study. Al-Quzwini, Al-Taee, et al. Middle East Fertility Society Journal (2016).

  9. Sperm DNA Damage – The Effect of Stress and Everyday Life Factors. Radwan, M, et al. International Journal of Impotence Research 28, 148-154 (2016).

  10. Electromagnetic Radiation at 900 MHz Induces Sperm Apoptosis through bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 Signaling Pathways in Rats. Liu, Si, et al. Journal of Reproductive Health 12:65 (2015).

  11. Habits of Cell Phone usage and Sperm Quality - Does It Warrant Attention? Zilverlight, Wiener-Megnazi, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 31(3):421-426 (2015).

  12. Extremely Low frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Spermatogenic Germ Cell Apoptosis: Possible Mechanism. Lee, Park, et al. BioMed Research International 2014(2014): 567183 (2014).

  13. In Vitro Effect of Cell Phone Radiation on Motility, DNA Fragmentation and Clusterin Gene Expression in Human Sperm. Zalata, El-Samanoudy, et al. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 9(1):129-136 (2014).

  14. Effect of Electromagnetic Field Exposure on the Reproductive System. Gye and Park. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine 39(1):1-19 (2012).

  15. Effects of the Exposure of Mobile Phones on Male Reproduction: A Review of the Literature. Vignera, Condorelli, et al. Journal of Andrology 33(3):350-356 (2012).

  16. Use of Laptop Computers Connected to Internet Through Wi-Fi Decreases Human Sperm Motility and Increases Sperm DNA Fragmentation. Avendano, C., et al. Fertility and Sterility 97(1):39045 (2012).

  17. Exposure to Magnetic fields and the Risk of Poor Sperm Quality. Li, Yan, et al. Journal of Reproductive Toxicology 29(1):86-92 (2010).

  18. Mobile Phone Radiation Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage in Human Spermatozoa In Vitro. Luliis, Newey, et al. PLoS ONE 4(7) (2009).

  19. Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation (Rf-EMR) from GSM Mobile Phones Induces Oxidative Stress and Reduces Sperm Motility in Rats. Mailankot, Kunnath, et al. Clinical Science 64(6):561-5 (2009).

  20. Cell Phones: Modern Man's Nemesis? Makker, Varghese, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 18(1):148-157 (2008).

  21. Indicative SAR Levels Due to an Active Mobile Phone in a Front Trouser Pocket in Proximity to Common Metallic Objects. Whittow, Panagamuwa, et al. Propagation Conference 149-152 (2008).

  22. Cell Phones and Male Infertility: Dissecting the Relationship. Deepinder, Makker, et al. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 15(3):266-270 (2007).

  23. Evaluation of the Effect of Using Mobile Phones on Male Fertility. Wdowiak, Wiktor, et al. Annals of Agricultural and Medicine14(1):169-172 (2007).

  24. Effect of Cell Phone Usage on Semen Analysis in Men Attending Infertility Clinic: An Observational Study. Agarwal, Deepinder, et al. American Society for Reproductive Medicine 89(1):124-8 (2008).


IX. Electromagnetic Sensitivity

  1. Becoming Electro-Hypersensitive: A Replication Study. Dieudonne, M. Bioelectromagnetic 40: 188-200 (2019).

  2. Functional Brain MRI in Patients Complaining of Electrohypersensitivity After Long Term Exposure to Electromagnectic Fields. Heuser, G. & Heuser, S. Reviews on Environmental Health 32(3):291-299 (2016).

  3. Hot Nano Spots" as an Interpretation of So-Called Non-Thermal Biological Mobile Phone Effects. Pfutzner, Helmut. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 8(3):62-69 (2016).

  4. Analysis of the Genotoxic Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation Using Buccal Micronucleus Assay: A Comparative Evaluation. Banerjee, Singh, et al. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 10 (3):ZC82-ZC85 (2016).

  5. Tinnitus and Cell Phones: The Role of Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation. Medeiros and Sanchez. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 82(1):97-104 (2016).

  6. Microwave Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) Produce Widespread Neuropsychiatric Effects Including Depression. Pall, Martin L. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy (2015).

  7. Subjective Symptoms Related to GSM Radiation from Mobile Phone Base Stations: a Cross- Sectional Study. Gomez-Perretta, Navarro, et al. BMJ Open 3.12 (2013).

  8. Green Communication- A Stipulation to Reduce Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity from Cellular Phones. Kumar, Khan, et al. Procedia Technology 4:682-686 (2012).

  9. Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity: Fact or Fiction? Genius and Lipp. Science of the Total Environment 414(1):103-112 (2012).

  10. Radiofrequency (RF) Sickness in the Lilienfeld Study: An Effect of Modulated Microwaves? Liakouris, A. Archives of Environmental Health 236-238 (2010).

  11. Neurobehavioral Effects Among Inhabitants Around Mobile Phone Base Stations. Abdel-Rassoul, El-Fateh, et al. NeuroToxicology28(2):434-440 (2007).

  12. Electrohypersensitivity: State-Of-The-Art of A Functional Impairment. Johansson, O. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 25(4): 245-258 (2006).

  13. Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity: Biological Effects of Dirty Electricity With Emphasis on Diabetes and Multiple Sclerosis. Havas, M. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 25(4): 259-268 (2006).

  14. Establishing the Health Risks of Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields Requires Multidisciplinary Research. Hietanen, Maila. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment, and Health 32(3):169-170 (2006).

  15. Hypersensitivity of Human Subjects to Environmental Electric and Magnetic Field Exposure: A Review of the Literature. Levallois, Patrick. Environmental Health Perspectives 110(4):613-8 (2002).

  16. Electric Hypersensitivity and Neurophysical Effects of Cellular Phones - Facts or Needless Anxiety? Harma, Mikko Ilmari. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment and Health 26(2):85-86 (2000).


X. Effects On Implanted Medical Devices

  1. Ad Hoc Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing of Non-Implantable Medical Devices and Radio Frequency Identification. Seidman and Guag. Biomedical Engineering OnLine 12:71 (2013).

  2. Electromagnetic Interference of Pacemakers. Lakshmanadoss, Chinnachamy, et al. Interchopen 229-252 (2011).

  3. Interference Between Mobile Phones and Pacemakers: A Look Inside. Censi, Calcagnini, et al. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità 43(3):254-259 (2007).

  4. Electromagnetic Interference on Pacemakers. Erdogan, Okan. Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal 2(3):74-78 (2002).

  5. Electromagnetic Interference in Patients with Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Implantable Loop Recorders. Sousa, Klein, et al. Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal 2(3):79-84 (2002).

  6. Radiofrequency Interference with Medical Devices. A Technical Information Statement. IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 17(3):111-4 (1998).

  7. Cellular Telephones and Pacemakers: Urgent Call or Wrong Number? Ellenbogen and Wood. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 27(6):1478-9 (1996).

XI. 5G Effects

  1. Model of Steady-state Temperature Rise in Multilayer Tissues Due to Narrow-beam Millimeter-wave Radiofrequency Field Exposure. Gajda, G., et al. Health Physics 117(3):254-266 (2019).

  2. Untargeted Metabolomics Unveil Alterations of Biomembranes Permeability in HumanHaCaT Keratinocytes Upon 60 HGz Milimeter-Wave Exposure. Pogam, Pierre., et al. Scientific Reports 9(9343) (2019).

  3. Ocular Response to Millimeter Wave Exposure Under Different Levels of Humidity. Kojima, M., et al. Journal of Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 40: 574–584 (2019).

  4. Millimeter Wave Radiation Activates Leech Nociceptors via TRPV1-Like Receptor Sensitization. Romanenko, S., et al. Biophysical Journal 116(12): 2331-2345 (2019).

  5. Systematic Derivation of Safety Limits for Time-Varying 5G Radiofrequency Exposure Based on Analytical Models and Thermal Dose. Neufeld, E., and Kuster, N. Health Physics Society (2018).

  6. Towards 5G Communication Systems: Are There Health Implications? Ciaula, AD. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 367-375 (2018).

  7. 5G Wireless Telecommunications Expansion: Public Health and Environmental Implications. Russell, C.L. Environmental Research 165:484-495 (2018).

  8. The Human Skin As A Sub-THz Receiver – Does 5G Pose a Danger To It or Not? Betzalel, N., Ishai, P.B., and Feldman, Y. Environmental Research163:208-216 (2018).

  9. The Modeling of the Absorbance of Sun-THz Radiation by Human Skin. Betzalel, N., Feldman, Y., and Ishai, P.B. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 7(5):521-528 (2017).

  10. Human Exposure to RF Fields in 5G Downlink. Nasim, I. and Kim, S. Georgia Southern University (2017).

  11. The Human body and Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communication Systems: Interactions and Implications. Wu, T., Rappaport, T., and Collins, C. IEEE International Conference on Communications (2015).

  12. State of Knowledge on Biological Effects at 40-60 GHz. Drean, Y., et al. Comptes Rendus Physique (2013).

  13. Effects of millimeter waves radiation on cell membrane-A brief review. Ramundo-Orlando, Alfonsina. Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 31(12): 1400-1411 (2010)

  14. Human Skin as Arrays of Helical Antennas in Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave Range. Feldman, Y., et al. The American Physical Society (2008).


XII. Miscellaneous Articles

  1. Untargeted Metabolomics Unveil Alterations of Biomembranes Permeability in Human HaCaT Keratinocytes Upon 60 HGz Millimeter-Wave Exposure. Pogam, Pierre., et al. Scientific Reports 9(9343) (2019).

  2. Risks to Health and Well-Being From Radio-Frequency Radiation Emitted by Cell Phones and Other Wireless Devices. Miller, A., et al. Frontiers in Public Health 7(223) (2019).

  3. Computational Simulations of The Penetration of 0.30 THz Radiation into the Human Ear. Vilaagosh, Z., et al. Biomedical Optics Express 10(3) (2019).

  4. Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Risk Perception: A Pilot Experimental Study. Zeleke, B., et al. Environmental Research 170: 493-499 (2019).

  5. Commentary on The Utility of The National Toxicology Program Study on Cell Phone Radiofrequency Radiation Data for Assessing Human Health Risks Despite Unfounded Criticisms Aimed at Minimizing the Findings of Adverse Health Effects. Melnick, R. Environmental Research 168:1-6 (2019).

  6. Pathological Findings Observed in the Kidneys of Postnatal Male Rats Exposed to the 2100 MHz Electromagnetic Field. Bedir, R., et al. Archives of Medical Research (2019).

  7. Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Effects of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Fields. Kocaman, A., et al. Environmental Research 163:71-79 (2018).

  8. Non-Ionizing EMF Hazard in the 21st Century. Koh, W.J., and Moochhala, S.M. IEEE (2018).

  9. Thermal and Non-Thermal Health Effects of Low Intensity Non-Ionizing Radiation: An International Perspective. Belpomme, D., et al. Environmental Pollution 242(A):643-658 (2018).

  10. Comparison of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels in Different Everyday Microenvironments in an International Context. Sagar, S, et al. Environmental International 114:297-306 (2018).

  11. Wi-Fi is an Important Threat to Human Health. Pall, M. Environmental Research 405-416 (2018).

  12. Mobile-Phone Radiation-Induced Perturbation of gene-Expression Profiling, Redox Equilibrium and Sporadic-Apoptosis Control in the Ovary of Drosophila Melanogaster. Manta, A., et al. FLY 11(2): 75-95 (2017).

  13. World Health Organization, Radiofrequency Radiation and Health – A Hard Nut to Crack (Review). Hardell, L. International Journal of Oncology51:405-413 (2017).

  14. Radiation from Wireless Technology Elevates Blood Glucose and Body Temperature in 40-Year-Old Type 1 Diabetic Male. Kleiber, C. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 36:3 259-264 (2017).

  15. Cardiovascular Disease: Time to Identify Emerging Environmental Risk Factors. Bandara, P. & Weller, S. European Journal of Preventative Cardiology (2017).

  16. Effects of Exposure to 2100MHz GSM-like Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Auditory System of Rats. Celiker, Ozgur, et al. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology (2017).

  17. An Investigation of the Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Human Electrocardiograms (ECGs). Fang, Mahmoud, et al. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13(11) (2016).

  18. Evaluation of the Protective Role of Vitamin C on the Metabolic and Enxymatic Activities of the Liver in the Male Rats After Exposure to 2.45 GHz of Wi-Fi Routers. Shekoohi-Shooli, F., et al. Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering 6(3):157-164 (2016).

  19. Exposure of ELF-EMF and RF-EMF Increase the Rate of Glucose Transport and TCA Cycle in Budding Yeast. Lin, Yan, et al. Frontiers in Microbiology (2016).

  20. Awareness Campaign Against Cell Phone Radiation Hazard: Case Study Oman. Osmen and Saar. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 205(9):381-385 (2015).

  21. Electromagnetic Energy Radiated from Mobile Phone Alters Electrocardiographic Records of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease. Alhusseiny, Al-Nimer, et al. Annals of Medical and Health Science Research 2(2):146-151 (2012).

  22. Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation on Human Ferritin: An in vitro Enzymun Assay. Fattahi-asl, Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi, et al. Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors 2(4):235-240 (2012).

  23. Apoptosis is Induced by Radiofrequency Fields through the Caspase-Independent Mitochondrial Pathway in Cortical Neurons. Joubert, Bourthoumieu, et al. Radiation Research 169(1):38-45 (2008).

  24. Source of Funding and Results of Studies of Health Effects of Mobile Phone Use: Systematic Review of Experimental Studies. Huss, Egger, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(1):1-4 (2007).

  25. Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure. Ahlbom, Green, et al. Environmental Health Perspectives 112(17):1741-1753 (2004).

  26. The Possible Role of Radiofrequency Radiation in the Development of Uveal Melanoma Stang, Anastassiou, et al. Journal of Epidemiology 12(1):7-12 (2001).

  27. Biological Effects of Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Radiation. Juutilainen and Seze. Scandinavian Journal of Work, the Environment and Health 24(2):245-254 (1998).

Courtesy: 5GCrisis.com

WILDLIFE IMPACT

1 Cadiou H. & McNaughton P. Avian magnetite-based magnetoreception: a physiologist’s perspective. Journey of the Royal Society Interface 7 (Suppl 2):S193–S205 (2010).

2 Balmori A. Anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as an emerging threat to wildlife orientation. Science of the Total Environment 518-519 (2015)

3 Balmori A. & Hallberg O. The Urban Decline of the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus): A Possible Link with Electromagnetic Radiation. Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 26:41–151 (2007)

4 Engel S. et al. Anthropogenic electromagnetic noise disrupts magnetic compass orientation in a migratory bird. Nature 15;509(7500):353-6 (2014).

5 Kumar N.R., Sangwan S., Badotra P. Exposure to cell phone radiations produces biochemical changes in worker honey bees. Toxicology International 18 (1):70-72 (2011).

6 Thielens A., Bell D., Mortimore D.B., Greco M.K., Martens L., Joseph W. Exposure of Insects to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields from 2 to 120 GHz. Scientific Reports 8, 3924 (2018).

7 Halabi, N.E., Achkar, R., Haidar, G.A. The effect of cell phone radiations on the life cycle of honeybees. 17th IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference (2014).

8 Sharma V.P. & Kumar N.R. Changes in honeybee behaviour and biology under the influence of cellphone radiations. Current Science 98(10):1376-1378 (2010).

9 Cucurachi S. et al. A review of the ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). Environment International 51C:116-140 (2012).


(courtesy: Powerwatch)

PowerWatch: 1,670 Peer-Reviewed Scientific Papers on Electromagnetic Fields and Biology or Health

Electromagnetic Radiation Safety, October 22, 2018

This list is a compilation of citations for 1,670 peer-reviewed scientific papers about electromagnetic fields (EMF) published in scientific journals from 1979 through 2018. The list includes all papers that PowerWatch published on its website as of October 11, 2018.

This is not a comprehensive list of studies. PowerWatch selected these studies from their internal database of 15,000 (approx.) scientific papers, most of which address EMF.

Powerwatch has been researching the links between EMF and health risks for more than 25 years. The organization, which is completely independent of government and industry, gathers information to help the lay person understand this issue. Powerwatch recently added a search engine to its website which enables the user to search specific fields in their database for specified time periods. For more information about PowerWatch go to: https://www.powerwatch.org.uk/docs/aboutus.asp.

This list is published on the Electromagnetic Radiation Safety website with the permission of Alasdair Philips, the Science Director and co-founder of PowerWatch.

Table of Contents

Mobile and Cordless Phones (pp. 2-29) -- 525 papers (P=306, N=100, - =119)

Mobile Phone Masts (pp. 30-35) -- 94 papers (P=39, N=10, - =45) xMMx

Wi-Fi (pp. 36-38) -- 38 papers (P=13, N=3, - =22) xWFx

Radio Transmitters (pp. 39-41) -- 43 papers (P=36, N=2, - =5) xRTx

Powerline Frequencies (pp. 42-59) -- 333 papers xPFx

Electrical Sensitivity (pp. 60-64) -- 88 papers (P=41, N=23, - =24) xESx

EEG & Brain Responses (pp. 65-67) -- 53 papers (P=48, N=2, - =3) xEGx

Radiofrequency EMF Mechanisms (pp. 68-81) -- 251 papers (P=185, N=37, - =29) xRFx

Powerfrequency EMF Mechanisms (pp. 82-95) -- 256 papers xPMx

Study Effect Codes:

P This study reported effects from the exposure or radiation category (effects can be either positive or negative and may be primary or secondary outcomes)

N This study reported no effects from the exposure or radiation category

- This study offered important insights or findings but is neither evidence of an effect or a null finding

2

Mobile and Cordless Phones

- Vila J et al, (July 2018) Occupational exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields and brain tumor risk in the INTEROCC study: An individualized assessment approach, Environ Int. 2018 Jul 8;119:353-365. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.038. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Wang P et al, (July 2018) Wireless Phone Use and Risk of Adult Glioma: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis, World Neurosurg. 2018 Jul;115:e629-e636. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.04.122. Epub 2018 Apr 28. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (May 2018) Radiofrequency radiation from nearby base stations gives high levels in an apartment in Stockholm, Sweden: A case report., Oncol Lett. 2018 May;15(5):7871-7883. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.8285. Epub 2018 Mar 16. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Sagar S et al, (May 2018) Comparison of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels in different everyday microenvironments in an international context, Environ Int. 2018 May;114:297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.036. Epub 2018 Mar 9. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Okatan DO et al, (February 2018) Continuous 900-megahertz electromagnetic field applied in middle and late-adolescence causes qualitative and quantitative changes in the ovarian morphology, tissue and blood biochemistry of the rat., Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Feb;94(2):186-198. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1420924. Epub 2018 Jan 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Bandara P, (October 2016) Mobile phone use and the brain cancer incidence rate in Australia., Cancer Epidemiol. 2016 Oct;44:110-111. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.08.006. Epub 2016 Aug 20. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Chapman S et al, (June 2016) Has the incidence of brain cancer risen in Australia since the introduction of mobile phones 29 years ago?, Cancer Epidemiol. 2016 Jun;42:199-205. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.04.010. Epub 2016 May 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lahham A et al, (August 2015) Public Exposure from Indoor Radiofrequency Radiation in the City of Hebron, West Bank-Palestine, Health Phys. 2015 Aug;109(2):117-21. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000296 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Redmayne M, (June 2015) International policy and advisory response regarding children's exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), Electromagn Biol Med. 2015 Jun 19:1-9. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balmori A, (June 2015) Anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as an emerging threat to wildlife orientation, Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jun 15;518-519:58-60. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.077. Epub 2015 Mar 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hareuveny R et al, (June 2015) Occupational exposures to radiofrequency fields: results of an Israeli national survey, J Radiol Prot. 2015 Jun;35(2):429-45. doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/35/2/429. Epub 2015 May 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Jeong YJ et al, (2015) 1950 MHz Electromagnetic Fields Ameliorate AB Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Mice, Curr Alzheimer Res. 2015;12(5):481-92 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Osei S et al, (May 2015) Assessment of levels of occupationsl exposure to workers in radiofrequency fields of two television stations in Accra, Ghana, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2015 May 15. pii: ncv326. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Roggeveen S et al, (May 2015) Does the Brain Detect 3G Mobile Phone Radiation Peaks? An Explorative In-Depth Analysis of an Experimental Study, PLoS One. 2015 May 11;10(5):e0125390. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125390. eCollection 2015 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Masuda H et al, (May 2015) No Dynamic Changes in Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Occur in Developing Rats During Local Cortex Exposure to Microwaves, In Vivo. 2015 05-06;29(3):351-357 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Morgan LL et al, (May 2015) Mobile phone radiation causes brain tumors and should be classified as a probable human carcinogen (2A) (Review), Int J Oncol. 2015 May;46(5):1865-71. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2908. Epub 2015 Feb 25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Morgan LL et al, (May 2015) Mobile phone radiation causes brain tumors and should be classified as a probable human carcinogen (2A) (review), Int J Oncol. 2015 May;46(5):1865-71. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2908. Epub 2015 Feb 25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

3

P Lerchl A et al, (April 2015) Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humans, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Apr 17;459(4):585-90. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.151. Epub 2015 Mar 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aydogan F et al, (April 2015) The effects of 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation on nasal mucosa and mucociliary clearance in rats, Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/alr.21509. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dasdag S et al, (April 2015) Long term and excessive use of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation alter microRNA expression in brain, Int J Radiat Biol. 2015 Apr;91(4):306-11. doi: 10.3109/09553002.2015.997896. Epub 2015 Jan 2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zalata A et al, (April 2015) In vitro effect of cell phone radiation on motility, DNA fragmentation and clusterin gene expression in human sperm, Int J Fertil Steril. 2015 Apr-Jun;9(1):129-36. Epub 2015 Apr 21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gryz K et al, (March 2015) The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements, Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:272460. doi: 10.1155/2015/272460. Epub 2015 Mar 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Boga A et al, (March 2015) The effect of 900 and 1800 MHz GSM-like radiofrequency irradiation and nicotine sulfate administration on the embryonic development of Xenopus laevis, Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2015 Mar;113:378-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.020. Epub 2014 Dec 20. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Masuda H et al, (March 2015) No Changes in Cerebral Microcirculatory Parameters in Rat During Local Cortex Exposure to Microwaves, In Vivo. 2015 03-04;29(2):207-215 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zong C et al, (March 2015) Adaptive response in mice exposed to 900 MHZ radiofrequency fields: Bleomycin-induced DNA and oxidative damage/repair, Int J Radiat Biol. 2015 Mar;91(3):270-6. doi: 10.3109/09553002.2014.980465. Epub 2015 Jan 27 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aerts S et al, (February 2015) Impact of a small cell on the RF-EMF exposure in a train, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Feb 27;12(3):2639-52. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120302639. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ghosn R et al, (February 2015) Radiofrequency signal affects alpha band in resting electroencephalogram, J Neurophysiol. 2015 Feb 18:jn.00765.2014. doi: 10.1152/jn.00765.2014. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cao H et al, (February 2015) Circadian rhythmicity of antioxidant markers in rats exposed to 1.8 GHz radiofrequency fields, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Feb 12;12(2):2071-87. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120202071. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Eltiti S et al, (February 2015) Aggregated data from two double-blind base station provocation studies comparing individuals with idiopathic environmental intolerance with attribution to electromagnetic fields and controls, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Feb;36(2):96-107. doi: 10.1002/bem.21892. Epub 2015 Jan 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Paul B et al, (February 2015) Mobile phones: Time to rethink and limit usage, Indian J Public Health. 2015 Jan-Mar;59(1):37-41. doi: 10.4103/0019-557X.152856 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Freudenstein F et al, (January 2015) Exposure Knowledge and Risk Perception of RF EMF, Front Public Health. 2015 Jan 13;2:289. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00289. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Adibzadeh F et al, (January 2015) Impact of head morphology on local brain specific absorption rate from exposure to mobile phone radiation, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Jan;36(1):66-76. doi: 10.1002/bem.21885. Epub 2014 Nov 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aydogan F et al, (January 2015) The effect of 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation of a 3G mobile phone on the parotid gland of rats, Am J Otolaryngol. 2015 Jan-Feb;36(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.10.001. Epub 2014 Oct 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Li C et al, (January 2015) Generation of infant anatomical models for evaluating electromagnetic field exposures, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Jan;36(1):10-26. doi: 10.1002/bem.21868. Epub 2014 Oct 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Pettersson D et al, (January 2015) Validation of self-reported start year of mobile phone use in a Swedish case-control study on radiofrequency fields and acoustic neuroma risk, J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015 Jan;25(1):72-9. doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.76. Epub 2014 Nov 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

4

- Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al, (January 2015) Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Jan;36(1):77-85. doi: 10.1002/bem.21887. Epub 2014 Nov 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Agarwal A, Durairajanayagam D, (November 2014) Are men talking their reproductive health away?, Asian J Androl. 2014 Nov 18. doi: 10.4103/1008-682X.140963. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Geronikolou S et al, (November 2014) Diverse radiofrequency sensitivity and radiofrequency effects of mobile or cordless phone near fields exposure in Drosophila melanogaster, PLoS One. 2014 Nov 17;9(11):e112139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112139. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO, (November 2014) Excessive exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields may cause the development of electrohypersensitivity, Altern Ther Health Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;20(6):40-2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carlberg M, Hardell L, (October 2014) Decreased Survival of Glioma Patients with Astrocytoma Grade IV (Glioblastoma Multiforme) Associated with Long-Term Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Oct 16;11(10):10790-10805 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Klose M et al, (October 2014) Effects of Early-Onset Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure (GSM 900 MHz) on Behavior and Memory in Rats, Radiat Res. 2014 Oct;182(4):435-47. doi: 10.1667/RR13695.1. Epub 2014 Sep 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Bamiou DE et al, (September 2014) Mobile telephone use effects on perception of verticality., Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 26. doi: 10.1002/bem.21877. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rosado MM et al, (September 2014) Effects of GSM-modulated 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the hematopoietic potential of mouse bone marrow cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 25. doi: 10.1002/bem.21880. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Sadetzki S et al, (September 2014) The MOBI-Kids Study Protocol: Challenges in Assessing Childhood and Adolescent Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Telecommunication Technologies and Possible Association with Brain Tumor Risk, Front Public Health. 2014 Sep 23;2:124. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00124. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vijayalaxmi, Scarfi MR, (September 2014) International and national expert group evaluations: biological/health effects of radiofrequency fields, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Sep 10;11(9):9376-408. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110909376 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kim BC et al, (September 2014) Evaluation of radiofrequency exposure levels from multiple wireless installations in population dense areas in Korea, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 4. doi: 10.1002/bem.21874. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Dasdag S et al, (September 2014) Effect of Long Term 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation on Enamel Microhardness of Rat's Teeth, Oral Health Dent Manag. 2014 Sep;13(3):749-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mortazavi S et al, (September 2014) Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from GSM Mobile Phones Decreases the Accuracy of Home Blood Glucose Monitors, J Biomed Phys Eng. 2014 Sep 1;4(3):111-6. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chiu CT et al, (August 2014) Mobile phone use and health symptoms in children, J Formos Med Assoc. 2014 Aug 9. pii: S0929-6646(14)00207-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2014.07.002. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Marjanovic AM et al, (August 2014) Cell oxidation-reduction imbalance after modulated radiofrequency radiation, Electromagn Biol Med. 2014 Aug 13:1-6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Maskey D et al, (August 2014) Alteration of glycine receptor immunoreactivity in the auditory brainstem of mice following three months of exposure to radiofrequency radiation at SAR 4.0 W/kg, Int J Mol Med. 2014 Aug;34(2):409-19. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1784. Epub 2014 May 22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Coureau G et al, (July 2014) Mobile phone use and brain tumours in the CERENAT case-control study, Occup Environ Med. 2014 Jul;71(7):514-22. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101754. Epub 2014 May 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vila J et al, (June 2014) Development of a source-based approach to assessing occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in the INTEROCC study Development of a source-based approach to assessing occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in the INTEROCC study, Occup

5

] [

]

Environ Med. 2014 Jun;71 Suppl1:A35-6. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102362.110 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chen Cet al, (May 2014)Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation impairs neurite outgrowth of embryonic neural stem cells, Sci Rep. 2014 May 29;4:5103. doi: 10.1038/srep05103. [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Saikhedkar Net al, (May 2014)Effects of mobile phone radiation (900 MHz radiofrequency) on structure and functions of rat brain, Neurol Res.2014 May 26:1743132814Y0000000392. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ozgur Eet al, (May 2014)Mobile Phone Radiation AltersProliferation of Hepatocarcinoma Cells,Cell Biochem Biophys. 2014 May11. [Epub ahead of print] [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

PLiu Ket al, (May 2014)The protective effect of autophagy on mouse spermatocyte derived cells exposure to 1800MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic radiation, Toxicol Lett. 2014 May 9;228(3):216-224. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.05.004. [Epub ahead of print][View Author's abstractconclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lukac N et al, (October 2011) In vitro effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves on bovine spermatozoa motility, J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2011 Oct;46(12):1417-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Kumar S et al, (2011) The therapeutic effect of a pulsed electromagnetic field on the reproductive patterns of male Wistar rats exposed to a 2.45-GHz microwave field, Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(7):1237-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yoon SY et al, (2011) Induction of Hair Growth by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in 1,763 MHz Radiofrequency-Irradiated Hair Follicle Cells, PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28474. Epub 2011 Dec 2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hardell L et al, (May 2011) Pooled analysis of case-control studies on malignant brain tumours and the use of mobile and cordless phones including living and deceased subjects, Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1465-74. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2011.947. Epub 2011 Feb 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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- Blank M, Goodman R, (April 2011) DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):409-15. Epub 2011 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Esmekaya MA et al, (March 2011) 900 MHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative stress on heart, lung, testis and liver tissues, Gen Physiol Biophys. 2011 Mar;30(1):84-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Volkow ND et al, (February 2011) Effects of cell phone radiofrequency signal exposure on brain glucose metabolism, JAMA. 2011 Feb 23;305(8):808-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cao Y et al, (February 2011) Induction of adaptive response: Pre-exposure of mice to 900 MHz radiofrequency fields reduces hematopoietic damage caused by subsequent exposure to ionising radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Feb 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Liu ML et al, (February 2011) Potential Protection of Green Tea Polyphenols Against 1800 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation-Induced Injury on Rat Cortical Neurons, Neurotox Res. 2011 Feb 4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kumar G et al, (February 2011) Evaluation of hematopoietic system effects after in vitro radiofrequency radiation exposure in rats, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Feb;87(2):231-40. Epub 2010 Nov 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Paulraj R, Behari J, (February 2011) Effects of low level microwave radiation on carcinogenesis in Swiss Albino mice, Mol Cell Biochem. 2011 Feb;348(1-2):191-7. Epub 2010 Nov 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N de Vocht F et al, (January 2011) Time trends (1998-2007) in brain cancer incidence rates in relation to mobile phone use in England, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jan 28. doi: 10.1002/bem.20648. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Trillo MA et al, (January 2011) Cytostatic response of NB69 cells to weak pulse-modulated 2.2 GHz radar-like signals, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jan 28. doi: 10.1002/bem.20643. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kesari KK et al, (January 2011) Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Wave Exposure from Cellular Phones on the Reproductive Pattern in Male Wistar Rats, Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 Jan 15. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Jin YB et al, (December 2010) One-year, simultaneous combined exposure of CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to rats, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Dec 21. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (December 2010) Re-analysis of risk for glioma in relation to mobile telephone use: comparison with the results of the Interphone international case-control study, Int J Epidemiol. 2010 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Divan H et al, (December 2010) Cell phone use and behavioural problems in young children, J Epidemiol Community Health (2010). doi:10.1136/jech.2010.115402 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

N Bourthoumieu S et al, (December 2010) Cytogenetic studies in human cells exposed in vitro to GSM-900 MHz radiofrequency radiation using R-banded karyotyping, Radiat Res. 2010 Dec;174(6):712-8. Epub 2010 Sep 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Esmekaya MA et al, (December 2010) Pulse modulated 900 MHz radiation induces hypothyroidism and apoptosis in thyroid cells: a light, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical study, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Dec;86(12):1106-16. Epub 2010 Sep 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grigoriev YG et al, (December 2010) Confirmation studies of Soviet research on immunological effects of microwaves: Russian immunology results, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Dec;31(8):589-602. doi: 10.1002/bem.20605. Epub 2010 Sep 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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- Olsen J, (November 2010) The interphone study: Brain cancer and beyond, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Nov 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Heinrich S et al, (November 2010) Association between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields assessed by dosimetry and acute symptoms in children and adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study, Environ Health. 2010 Nov 25;9:75 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Cooke R et al, (November 2010) A case-control study of risk of leukaemia in relation to mobile phone use, Br J Cancer. 2010 Nov 23;103(11):1729-35. Epub 2010 Oct 12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N de Gannes FP et al, (November 2010) Effect of Exposure to the Edge Signal on Oxidative Stress in Brain Cell Models, Radiat Res. 2010 Nov 22. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Poulletier de Gannes F et al, (February 2011) Effect of exposure to the edge signal on oxidative stress in brain cell models, Radiat Res. 2011 Feb;175(2):225-30. Epub 2010 Nov 22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Damvik M, Johansson O, (November 2010) Health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields: a conflict between the precautionary principle and environmental medicine methodology, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Oct-Dec;25(4):325-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Dubey RB et al, (November 2010) Risk of brain tumors from wireless phone use, J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2010 Nov-Dec;34(6):799-807 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Inskip PD et al, (Novermber 2010) Brain cancer incidence trends in relation to cellular telephone use in the United States, Neuro Oncol. 2010 Nov;12(11):1147-51. Epub 2010 Jul 16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ozgur E et al, (November 2010) Mobile phone radiation-induced free radical damage in the liver is inhibited by the antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine and epigallocatechin-gallate, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Nov;86(11):935-45. Epub 2010 Sep 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

12

N Lee KY et al, (October 2010) Effects of combined radiofrequency radiation exposure on the cell cycle and its regulatory proteins, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Oct 28. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Behari J, (October 2010) Biological responses of mobile phone frequency exposure, Indian J Exp Biol. 2010 Oct;48(10):959-81 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W et al, (October 2010) Comparison of personal radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in different urban areas across Europe, Environ Res. 2010 Oct;110(7):658-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kheifets L et al, (October 2010) Risk governance for mobile phones, power lines, and other EMF technologies, Risk Anal. 2010 Oct;30(10):1481-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kowalczuk C et al, (October 2010) Absence of nonlinear responses in cells and tissues exposed to RF energy at mobile phone frequencies using a doubly resonant cavity, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Oct;31(7):556-65 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lee HJ et al, (October 2010) The lack of histological changes of CDMA cellular phone-based radio frequency on rat testis, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Oct;31(7):528-34 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Bourthoumieu S et al, (September 2010) Cytogenetic Studies in Human Cells Exposed In Vitro to GSM-900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation Using R-Banded Karyotyping, Radiat Res. 2010 Sep 20. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McIntosh RL, Anderson V, (September 2010) SAR versus S(inc): What is the appropriate RF exposure metric in the range 1-10 GHz? Part II: Using complex human body models, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Sep;31(6):467-78 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Schuz J et al, (August 2010) An international prospective cohort study of mobile phone users and health (Cosmos): Design considerations and enrolment, Cancer Epidemiol. 2010 Aug 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (August 2010) Mobile phone use and the risk for malignant brain tumors: a case-control study on deceased cases and controls, Neuroepidemiology. 2010 Aug;35(2):109-14. Epub 2010 Jun 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N O'Connor RP et al, (July 2010) Exposure to GSM RF fields does not affect calcium homeostasis in human endothelial cells, rat pheocromocytoma cells or rat hippocampal neurons, PLoS One. 2010 Jul 27;5(7):e11828 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Khurana VG et al, (July 2010) Epidemiological evidence for a health risk from mobile phone base stations, Int J Occup Environ Health. 2010 Jul-Sep;16(3):263-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ragbetli MC et al, (July 2010) The effect of mobile phone on the number of Purkinje cells: a stereological study, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Jul;86(7):548-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yakymenko I, Sidorik E, (July 2010) Risks of carcinogenesis from electromagnetic radiation of mobile telephony devices, Exp Oncol. 2010 Jul;32(2):54-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hutter HP et al, (December 2010) Tinnitus and mobile phone use, Occup Environ Med. 2010 Dec;67(12):804-8. Epub 2010 Jun 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Maskey D et al, (July 2010) Chronic 835-MHz radiofrequency exposure to mice hippocampus alters the distribution of calbindin and GFAP immunoreactivity, Brain Res. 2010 Jul 30;1346:237-46. Epub 2010 Jun 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kelsh MA et al, (July 2011) Measured radiofrequency exposure during various mobile-phone use scenarios, J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Jun 16. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Stam R, (October 2010) Electromagnetic fields and the blood-brain barrier, Brain Res Rev. 2010 Oct 5;65(1):80-97. Epub 2010 Jun 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Dimida A et al, (June 2010) Electric and magnetic fields do not modify the biochemical properties of frtl-5 cells, J Endocrinol Invest. 2010 Jun 11. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lehrer S et al, (June 2010) Association between number of cell phone contracts and brain tumor incidence in nineteen U.S. States, J Neurooncol. 2010 Jun 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

13

P Bartsch H et al, (2010) Effect of chronic exposure to a GSM-like signal (mobile phone) on survival of female Sprague-Dawley rats: modulatory effects by month of birth and possibly stage of the solar cycle, Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010;31(4):457-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Bartsch H et al, (2010) Effect of chronic exposure to a GSM-like signal (mobile phone) on survival of female Sprague-Dawley rats: modulatory effects by month of birth and possibly stage of the solar cycle, Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010;31(4):457-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Cardis E et al, (June 2010) Brain tumour risk in relation to mobile telephone use: results of the INTERPHONE international case-control study, Int J Epidemiol. 2010 Jun;39(3):675-94. Epub 2010 May 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Saracci R, Samet J, (June 2010) Commentary: Call me on my mobile phone...or better not?--a look at the INTERPHONE study results, Int J Epidemiol. 2010 Jun;39(3):695-8. Epub 2010 May 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Soderqvist F et al, (2010) Radiofrequency fields, transthyretin, and Alzheimer's disease, J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(2):599-606 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- van Kleef E et al, (June 2010) Risk and benefit perceptions of mobile phone and base station technology in Bangladesh, Risk Anal. 2010 Jun;30(6):1002-15. Epub 2010 Apr 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Yildirim MS et al, (2010) Effect of mobile phone station on micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberrations in human blood cells, Genet Couns. 2010;21(2):243-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W et al, (May 2010) Estimation of whole-body SAR from electromagnetic fields using personal exposure meters, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 May;31(4):286-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Narayanan SN et al, (May 2010) Effect of radio-frequency electromagnetic radiations (RF-EMR) on passive avoidance behaviour and hippocampal morphology in Wistar rats, Ups J Med Sci. 2010 May;115(2):91-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Panagopoulos DJ, Margaritis LH, (May 2010) The identification of an intensity 'window' on the bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 May;86(5):358-66 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Vorobyov V et al, (May 2010) Repeated exposure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwaves affects cortex-hypothalamus interplay in freely moving rats: EEG study, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 May;86(5):376-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yu Y, Yao K, (May 2010) Non-thermal cellular effects of lowpower microwave radiation on the lens and lens epithelial cells, J Int Med Res. 2010 May-Jun;38(3):729-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Redmayne M et al, (April 2010) Cordless telephone use: implications for mobile phone research, J Environ Monit. 2010 Apr 9;12(4):809-12. Epub 2010 Feb 2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J et al, (April 2010) Survey of electromagnetic field exposure in bedrooms of residences in lower Austria, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):200-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Campisi A et al, (March 2010) Reactive oxygen species levels and DNA fragmentation on astrocytes in primary culture after acute exposure to low intensity microwave electromagnetic field, Neurosci Lett. 2010 Mar 31;473(1):52-5. Epub 2010 Feb 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Sekijima M et al, (March 2010) 2-GHz band CW and W-CDMA modulated radiofrequency fields have no significant effect on cell proliferation and gene expression profile in human cells, J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2010;51(3):277-84. Epub 2010 Mar 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Falzone N et al, (March 2010) The effect of pulsed 900-MHz GSM mobile phone radiation on the acrosome reaction, head morphometry and zona binding of human spermatozoa, Int J Androl. 2010 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Christ A et al, (April 2010) Age-dependent tissue-specific exposure of cell phone users, Phys Med Biol. 2010 Apr 7;55(7):1767-83. Epub 2010 Mar 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

14

P Guler G et al, (March 2010) The effect of radiofrequency radiation on DNA and lipid damage in non-pregnant and pregnant rabbits and their newborns, Gen Physiol Biophys. 2010 Mar;29(1):59-66 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO et al, (January 2010) Electromagnetic fields and cancer: the cost of doing nothing, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Jan-Mar;25(1):75-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Panda NK et al, (February 2010) Audiologic disturbances in long-term mobile phone users, J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Feb 1;39(1):5-11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Salama N et al, (February 2010) Effects of exposure to a mobile phone on testicular function and structure in adult rabbit, Int J Androl. 2010 Feb;33(1):88-94. Epub 2009 Dec 2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carrubba S et al, (January 2010) Mobile-phone pulse triggers evoked potentials, Neurosci Lett. 2010 Jan 18;469(1):164-8. Epub 2009 Dec 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Arendash GW et al, (January 2010) Electromagnetic field treatment protects against and reverses cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mice, J Alzheimers Dis. 2010 Jan;19(1):191-210 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Johansson A et al, (January 2010) Symptoms, personality traits, and stress in people with mobile phone-related symptoms and electromagnetic hypersensitivity, J Psychosom Res. 2010 Jan;68(1):37-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Deltour I et al, (December 2009) Time trends in brain tumor incidence rates in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, 1974-2003, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Dec 16;101(24):1721-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Maskey D et al, (February 2010) Effect of 835 MHz radiofrequency radiation exposure on calcium binding proteins in the hippocampus of the mouse brain, Brain Res. 2010 Feb 8;1313:232-41. Epub 2009 Dec 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Thomas S et al, (February 2010) Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioural problems in Bavarian children and adolescents, Eur J Epidemiol. 2010 Feb;25(2):135-41. Epub 2009 Dec 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Inyang I et al, (December 2009) A new method to determine laterality of mobile telephone use in adolescents, Occup Environ Med. 2009 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fragopoulou AF et al, (June 2010) Whole body exposure with GSM 900MHz affects spatial memory in mice, Pathophysiology. 2010 Jun;17(3):179-187. Epub 2009 Dec 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Perez-Castejon C et al, (December 2009) Exposure to ELF-pulse modulated X band microwaves increases in vitro human astrocytoma cell proliferation, Histol Histopathol. 2009 Dec;24(12):1551-61 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Salama N et al, (December 2009) The mobile phone decreases fructose but not citrate in rabbit semen: a longitudinal study, Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2009 Dec;55(5-6):181-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Salama N et al, (March 2010) Effects of exposure to a mobile phone on sexual behavior in adult male rabbit: an observational study, Int J Impot Res. 2010 Mar;22(2):127-33. Epub 2009 Nov 26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N de Gannes FP et al, (November 2009) A confirmation study of Russian and Ukrainian data on effects of 2450 MHz microwave exposure on immunological processes and teratology in rats, Radiat Res. 2009 Nov;172(5):617-24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hansteen IL et al, (November 2009) Cytogenetic effects of exposure to 2.3 GHz radiofrequency radiation on human lymphocytes in vitro, Anticancer Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):4323-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kaufman DW et al, (November 2009) Risk factors for leukemia in Thailand, Ann Hematol. 2009 Nov;88(11):1079-88. Epub 2009 Mar 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lee HJ et al, (November 2009) Lack of teratogenicity after combined exposure of pregnant mice to CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Radiat Res. 2009 Nov;172(5):648-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Xu S et al, (October 2009) Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in primary cultured neurons, Brain Res. 2010 Jan 22;1311:189-96. Epub 2009 Oct 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

15

P de Tommaso M et al, (October 2009) Mobile phones exposure induces changes of contingent negative variation in humans, Neurosci Lett. 2009 Oct 23;464(2):79-83. Epub 2009 Aug 21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev I et al, (October 2009) Microwaves from Mobile Phones Inhibit 53BP1 Focus Formation in Human Stem Cells Stronger than in Differentiated Cells: Possible Mechanistic Link to Cancer Risk, Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Myung SK et al, (November 2009) Mobile phone use and risk of tumors: a meta-analysis, J Clin Oncol. 2009 Nov 20;27(33):5565-72. Epub 2009 Oct 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhijian C et al, (January 2010) Impact of 1.8-GHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on DNA damage and repair induced by doxorubicin in human B-cell lymphoblastoid cells, Mutat Res. 2010 Jan;695(1-2):16-21. Epub 2009 Oct 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Otitoloju AA et al, (October 2009) Preliminary study on the induction of sperm head abnormalities in mice, Mus musculus, exposed to radiofrequency radiations from global system for mobile communication base stations, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010 Jan;84(1):51-4. Epub 2009 Oct 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Wake K et al, (October 2009) The estimation of 3D SAR distributions in the human head from mobile phone compliance testing data for epidemiological studies, Phys Med Biol. 2009 Oct 7;54(19):5695-706. Epub 2009 Sep 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Brescia F et al, (October 2009) Reactive oxygen species formation is not enhanced by exposure to UMTS 1950 MHz radiation and co-exposure to ferrous ions in Jurkat cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Oct;30(7):525-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Del Vecchio G et al, (October 2009) Effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on in vitro models of neurodegenerative disease, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Oct;30(7):564-72 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Desai NR et al, (October 2009) Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system, Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2009 Oct 22;7:114 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N van Rongen E et al, (October 2009) Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the human nervous system, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2009 Oct;12(8):572-97 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Goldwein O, Aframian DJ, (September 2009) The influence of handheld mobile phones on human parotid gland secretion, Oral Dis. 2009 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Ahlbom A et al, (September 2009) Epidemiologic evidence on mobile phones and tumor risk: a review, Epidemiology. 2009 Sep;20(5):639-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McNamee JP, Chauhan V., (September 2009) Radiofrequency radiation and gene/protein expression: a review, Radiat Res. 2009 Sep;172(3):265-87 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Soderqvist F et al, (August 2009) Exposure to an 890-MHz mobile phone-like signal and serum levels of S100B and transthyretin in volunteers, Toxicol Lett. 2009 Aug 25;189(1):63-6. Epub 2009 May 7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sharma VP et al, (October 2009) Mobile phone radiation inhibits Vigna radiata (mung bean) root growth by inducing oxidative stress, Sci Total Environ. 2009 Oct 15;407(21):5543-7. Epub 2009 Aug 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Viel JF et al, (August 2009) Radiofrequency exposure in the French general population: band, time, location and activity variability, Environ Int. 2009 Nov;35(8):1150-4. Epub 2009 Aug 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Contalbrigo L et al, (August 2009) Effects of different electromagnetic fields on circadian rhythms of some haematochemical parameters in rats, Biomed Environ Sci. 2009 Aug;22(4):348-53 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Frei P et al, (August 2009) Temporal and spatial variability of personal exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Environ Res. 2009 Aug;109(6):779-85. Epub 2009 May 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P De Iuliis GN et al, (July 2009) Mobile phone radiation induces reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro, PLoS One. 2009 Jul 31;4(7):e6446 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

16

N Hirose H et al, (July 2009) 1950 MHz IMT-2000 field does not activate microglial cells in vitro, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Jul 31. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Abramson MJ et al, (July 2009) Mobile telephone use is associated with changes in cognitive function in young adolescents, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Jul 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L, Carlberg M, (July 2009) Mobile phones, cordless phones and the risk for brain tumours, Int J Oncol. 2009 Jul;35(1):5-17. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Masuda H et al, (July 2009) Effects of 915 MHz electromagnetic-field radiation in TEM cell on the blood-brain barrier and neurons in the rat brain, Radiat Res. 2009 Jul;172(1):66-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cao Y et al, (2009) 900-MHz Microwave Radiation Enhances gamma-Ray Adverse Effects on SHG44 Cells, J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2009;72(11-12):727-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mailankot M et al, (2009) Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from GSM (0.9/1.8GHz) mobile phones induces oxidative stress and reduces sperm motility in rats, Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2009;64(6):561-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Sannino A et al, (June 2009) Human fibroblasts and 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation: evaluation of DNA damage after exposure and co-exposure to 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5h)-furanone (MX), Radiat Res. 2009 Jun;171(6):743-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sannino A et al, (June 2009) Induction of adaptive response in human blood lymphocytes exposed to radiofrequency radiation, Radiat Res. 2009 Jun;171(6):735-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sirav B, Seyhan N, (2009) Blood-brain barrier disruption by continuous-wave radio frequency radiation, Electromagn Biol Med. 2009;28(2):215-22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Breckenkamp J et al, (May 2009) Feasibility of a cohort study on health risks caused by occupational exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Environ Health. 2009 May 29;8:23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Del Vecchio G et al, (May 2009) Continuous exposure to 900MHz GSM-modulated EMF alters morphological maturation of neural cells, Neurosci Lett. 2009 May 22;455(3):173-7. Epub 2009 Mar 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Milham S, (November 2009) Most cancer in firefighters is due to radio-frequency radiation exposure not inhaled carcinogens, Med Hypotheses. 2009 Nov;73(5):788-9. Epub 2009 May 22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vrijheid M et al, (May 2009) Determinants of mobile phone output power in a multinational study - implications for exposure assessment, Occup Environ Med. 2009 May 21. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Billaudel B et al, (May 2009) Effects of exposure to DAMPS and GSM signals on Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) activity: II- SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, Int J Radiat Biol. 2009 May 12:1-4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lopez-Martin E et al, (May 2009) The action of pulse-modulated GSM radiation increases regional changes in brain activity and c-Fos expression in cortical and subcortical areas in a rat model of picrotoxin-induced seizure proneness, J Neurosci Res. 2009 May 1;87(6):1484-99 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N McQuade JM et al, (May 2009) Radiofrequency-radiation exposure does not induce detectable leakage of albumin across the blood-brain barrier, Radiat Res. 2009 May;171(5):615-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Soderqvist F et al, (April 2009) Mobile and cordless telephones, serum transthyretin and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a cross-sectional study, Environ Health. 2009 Apr 21;8:19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Morgan LL, (April 2009) Estimating the risk of brain tumors from cellphone use: Published case-control studies, Pathophysiology. 2009 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nittby H et al, (August 2009) Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in mammalian brain 7 days after exposure to the radiation from a GSM-900 mobile phone, Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):103-12. Epub 2009 Apr 2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

17

P Budak GG et al, (April 2009) Effects of GSM-like radiofrequency on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in pregnant adult rabbits, Clin Invest Med. 2009 Apr 1;32(2):E112-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Finnie JW et al, (April 2009) Heat shock protein induction in fetal mouse brain as a measure of stress after whole of gestation exposure to mobile telephony radiofrequency fields, Pathology. 2009 Apr;41(3):276-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Habash RW et al, (April 2009) Recent advances in research on radiofrequency fields and health: 2004-2007, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2009 Apr;12(4):250-88 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hartikka H et al, (April 2009) Mobile phone use and location of glioma: a case-case analysis, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Apr;30(3):176-82 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mousavy SJ et al, (April 2009) Effects of mobile phone radiofrequency on the structure and function of the normal human hemoglobin, Int J Biol Macromol. 2009 Apr 1;44(3):278-85 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Han YY et al, (March 2009) Cell phone use and acoustic neuroma: the need for standardized questionnaires and access to industry data, 2009 Mar 26. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Orendacova J et al, (March 2009) Immunohistochemical Study of Postnatal Neurogenesis After Whole-body Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Evaluation of Age- and Dose-Related Changes in Rats, Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2009 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ruediger HW, (March 2009) Genotoxic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 12. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pourlis AF, (March 2009) Reproductive and developmental effects of EMF in vertebrate animal models, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blank M, Goodman R, (March 2009) Electromagnetic fields stress living cells, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (March 2009) Epidemiological evidence for an association between use of wireless phones and tumor diseases, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blackman C, (March 2009) Cell phone radiation: Evidence from ELF and RF studies supporting more inclusive risk identification and assessment, Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):205-16. Epub 2009 Mar 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Phillips JL et al, (March 2009) Electromagnetic fields and DNA damage, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Budak GG et al, (March 2009) Effects of intrauterine and extrauterine exposure to GSM-like radiofrequency on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in infant male rabbits, Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Mar;73(3):391-9. Epub 2008 Dec 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gajski G et al, (March 2009) Radioprotective effects of honeybee venom (Apis mellifera) against 915-MHz microwave radiation-induced DNA damage in wistar rat lymphocytes: in vitro study, Int J Toxicol. 2009 Mar-Apr;28(2):88-98 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kundi M, (March 2009) The controversy about a possible relationship between mobile phone use and cancer, Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Mar;117(3):316-24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Prihoda TJ, (March 2009) Genetic damage in mammalian somatic cells exposed to extremely low frequency electro-magnetic fields: A meta-analysis of data from 87 publications (1990-2007), Int J Radiat Biol. 2009 Mar;85(3):196-213 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zareen N et al, (March 2009) Derangement of chick embryo retinal differentiation caused by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2009 Mar;49(1):15-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gul A et al, (February 2009) The effects of microwave emitted by cellular phones on ovarian follicles in rats, Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Feb 25. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

18

P Bas O et al, (February 2009) 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure affects qualitative and quantitative features of hippocampal pyramidal cells in the adult female rat, Brain Res. 2009 Feb 20. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Schuz J et al, (2009) Risks for central nervous system diseases among mobile phone subscribers: a Danish retrospective cohort study, PLoS ONE. 2009;4(2):e4389. Epub 2009 Feb 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Stang A et al, (January 2009) Mobile phone use and risk of uveal melanoma: results of the risk factors for uveal melanoma case-control study, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Jan 21;101(2):120-3. Epub 2009 Jan 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Sommer AM et al, (January 2009) Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (UMTS) on Reproduction and Development of Mice: A Multi-generation Study, Radiat Res. 2009 Jan;171(1):89-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Luukkonen J et al, (December 2008) Enhancement of chemically induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by 872MHz radiofrequency radiation, Mutat Res. 2008 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Croft RJ et al, (December 2008) Mobile phones and brain tumours: a review of epidemiological research, Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 2008 Dec;31(4):255-67 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Prisco MG et al, (December 2008) Effects of GSM-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on mouse bone marrow cells, Radiat Res. 2008 Dec;170(6):803-10 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Verschaeve L, (November 2008) Genetic damage in subjects exposed to radiofrequency radiation, Mutat Res. 2008 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Luria R et al, (November 2008) Cognitive effects of radiation emitted by cellular phones: The influence of exposure side and time, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Nov 17;30(3):198-204. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tkalec M et al, (November 2008) Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on seed germination and root meristematic cells of Allium cepa L, Mutat Res. 2008 Nov 5. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Nieto-Hernandez R et al, (November 2008) Can evidence change belief? Reported mobile phone sensitivity following individual feedback of an inability to discriminate active from sham signals, J Psychosom Res. 2008 Nov;65(5):453-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev IY et al, (October 2008) Microwaves from UMTS/GSM mobile phones induce long-lasting inhibition of 53BP1/gamma-H2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Franzellitti S et al, (October 2008) HSP70 Expression in Human Trophoblast Cells Exposed to Different 1.8 GHz Mobile Phone Signals, Rad. Res. 2008 Oct;170(4): 488-497 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Sokolovic D et al, (September 2008) Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Exposure of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Phones in Rat Brain, J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2008 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Agarwal A et al, (September 2008) Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study, Fertil Steril. 2008 Sep 18. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wiholm C et al, (September 2008) Mobile phone exposure and spatial memory, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hoyto A et al, (September 2008) Radiofrequency radiation does not significantly affect ornithine decarboxylase activity, proliferation, or caspase-3 activity of fibroblasts in different physiological conditions, Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Sep;84(9):727-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Huang TQ et al, (September 2008) Molecular responses of Jurkat T-cells to 1763 MHz radiofrequency radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Sep;84(9):734-41 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Palumbo R et al, (September 2008) Exposure to 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation Induces Caspase 3 Activation in Proliferating Human Lymphocytes, Radiat Res. 2008 Sep;170(3):327-34 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

19

- Vanderstraeten J, Verschaeve L, (September 2008) Gene and protein expression following exposure to radiofrequency fields from mobile phones, Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Sep;116(9):1131-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Odaci E et al, (August 2008) Effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 Mhz electromagnetic field on the dentate gyrus of rats: a stereological and histopathological study, Brain Res. 2008 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lahkola A et al, (August 2008) Meningioma and mobile phone use--a collaborative case-control study in five North European countries, Int J Epidemiol. 2008 Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]Click here to read [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Andrzejak R et al, (August 2008) The influence of the call with a mobile phone on heart rate variability parameters in healthy volunteers, Ind Health. 2008 Aug;46(4):409-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pavicic I, Trosic I, (August 2008) In vitro testing of cellular response to ultra high frequency electromagnetic field radiation, Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Aug;22(5):1344-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhang SZ et al, (August 2008) Effect of 1.8 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on gene expression of rat neurons, Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2008 Aug;26(8):449-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Wiart J et al, (July 2008) Analysis of RF exposure in the head tissues of children and adults, Phys Med Biol. 2008 Jul 7;53(13):3681-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kim TH et al, (June 2008) Local exposure of 849 MHz and 1763 MHz radiofrequency radiation to mouse heads does not induce cell death or cell proliferation in brain, Exp Mol Med. 2008 Jun 30;40(3):294-303 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Cardis E et al, (June 2008) Distribution of RF energy emitted by mobile phones in anatomical structures of the brain, Phys Med Biol. 2008 Jun 7;53(11):2771-83. Epub 2008 May 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Abdus-salam A et al, (June 2008) Mobile phone radiation and the risk of cancer; a review, Afr J Med Med Sci. 2008 Jun;37(2):107-18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eberhardt JL et al, (2008) Blood-brain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 days after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(3):215-29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kim DW et al, (2008) Physiological effects of RF exposure on hypersensitive people by a cell phone, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2008;2008:2322-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mathur R, (2008) Effect of chronic intermittent exposure to AM radiofrequency field on responses to various types of noxious stimuli in growing rats, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(3):266-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Matronchik AY, Belyaev IY et al, (2008) Mechanism for combined action of microwaves and static magnetic field: slow non uniform rotation of charged nucleoid, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(4):340-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nittby H et al, (2008) Radiofrequency and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field effects on the blood-brain barrier, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(2):103-26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Perentos N et al, (2008) The effect of GSM-like ELF radiation on the alpha band of the human resting EEG, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2008;2008:5680-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Stovner LJ et al, (2008) Nocebo as headache trigger: evidence from a sham-controlled provocation study with RF fields, Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 2008;188:67-71 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yan JG et al, (2008) Upregulation of specific mRNA levels in rat brain after cell phone exposure, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(2):147-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Vrijheid M et al, (May 2008) Recall bias in the assessment of exposure to mobile phones, J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2008 May 21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yao K et al, (May 2008) Electromagnetic noise inhibits radiofrequency radiation-induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen species increase in human lens epithelial cells, Mol Vis. 2008 May 19;14:964-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

20

P Divan H et al, (May 2008) Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Cell Phone Use, Epidemiology. 2008 May 7 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P George DF et al, (May 2008) Non-thermal effects in the microwave induced unfolding of proteins observed by chaperone binding, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 May;29(4):324-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (May 2008) Meta-analysis of long-term mobile phone use and the association with brain tumours, Int J Oncol. 2008 May;32(5):1097-103 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Manti L et al, (May 2008) Effects of Modulated Microwave Radiation at Cellular Telephone Frequency (1.95 GHz) on X-Ray-Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro, Radiat Res. 2008 May;169(5):575-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Paglialonga A et al, (May 2008) Analysis of time-frequency fine structure of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions to study the effects of exposure to GSM radiofrequency fields, J Acoust Soc Am. 2008 May;123(5):3855 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Schwarz C et al, (May 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (UMTS, 1,950 MHz) induce genotoxic effects in vitro in human fibroblasts but not in lymphocytes, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2008 May;81(6):755-67 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yao K et al, (May 2008) Effect of superposed electromagnetic noise on DNA damage of lens epithelial cells induced by microwave radiation, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 May;49(5):2009-15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baste V et al, (April 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring, Eur J Epidemiol. 2008 Apr 16 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lerchl A et al, (April 2008) Effects of mobile phone electromagnetic fields at nonthermal SAR values on melatonin and body weight of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus), J Pineal Res. 2008 Apr;44(3):267-72 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Cinel C et al, (March 2008) Exposure to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Fields and Subjective Symptoms: A Double-Blind Study, Psychosom Med. 2008 Mar 31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Roosli M, (March 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure and non-specific symptoms of ill health: A systematic review, Environ Res. 2008 Mar 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Djeridane Y et al, (March 2008) Influence of Electromagnetic Fields Emitted by GSM-900 Cellular Telephones on the Circadian Patterns of Gonadal, Adrenal and Pituitary Hormones in Men, Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):337-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Li M et al, (March 2008) Elevation of plasma corticosterone levels and hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor translocation in rats: a potential mechanism for cognition impairment following chronic low-power-density microwave exposure, J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2008 Mar;49(2):163-70 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Rao VS et al, (March 2008) Nonthermal effects of radiofrequency-field exposure on calcium dynamics in stem cell-derived neuronal cells: elucidation of calcium pathways, Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):319-29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Valbonesi P et al, (March 2008) Evaluation of HSP70 Expression and DNA Damage in Cells of a Human Trophoblast Cell Line Exposed to 1.8 GHz Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Fields, Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):270-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sadetzki S et al, (February 2008) Cellular Phone Use and Risk of Benign and Malignant Parotid Gland Tumors A Nationwide Case-Control Study, Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Dec 6 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Takebayashi T et al, (February 2008) Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study, Br J Cancer. 2008 Feb 12;98(3):652-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aly AA et al, (February 2008) Effects of 900-MHz radio frequencies on the chemotaxis of human neutrophils in vitro, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Feb;55(2):795-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hardell L, Sage C, (February 2008) Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards, Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Feb;62(2):104-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

21

P Karinen A et al, (February 2008) Mobile phone radiation might alter protein expression in human skin, BMC Genomics. 2008 Feb 11;9:77 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Rezk AY et al, (February 2008) Fetal and neonatal responses following maternal exposure to mobile phones, Saudi Med J. 2008 Feb;29(2):218-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kim JY et al, (January 2008) In vitro assessment of clastogenicity of mobile-phone radiation (835 MHz) using the alkaline comet assay and chromosomal aberration test, Environ Toxicol. 2008 Jan 23 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Garaj-Vrhovac V, Orescanin V, (January 2008) Assessment of DNA sensitivity in peripheral blood leukocytes after occupational exposure to microwave radiation: the alkaline comet assay and chromatid breakage assay, Cell Biol Toxicol. 2008 Jan 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Agarwal A et al, (January 2008) Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic, Fertil Steril. 2008 Jan;89(1):124-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Joubert V et al, (January 2008) Apoptosis is Induced by Radiofrequency Fields through the Caspase-Independent Mitochondrial Pathway in Cortical Neurons, Radiat Res. 2008 Jan;169(1):38-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kan P et al, (January 2008) Cellular phone use and brain tumor: a meta-analysis, J Neurooncol. 2008 Jan;86(1):71-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mazor R et al, (January 2008) Increased levels of numerical chromosome aberrations after in vitro exposure of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields for 72 hours, Radiat Res. 2008 Jan;169(1):28-37 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nittby H et al, (November 2007) Cognitive impairment in rats after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 Nov 28 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Roux D et al, (November 2007) High frequency (900 MHz) low amplitude (5 V m(-1)) electromagnetic field: a genuine environmental stimulus that affects transcription, translation, calcium and energy charge in tomato., Planta. 2007 Nov 20 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Arnetz BB et al, (2007) The Effects of 884 MHz GSM Wireless Communication Signals on Self-reported Symptom and Sleep (EEG)- An Experimental Provocation Study, PIERS Online Vol. 3 No. 7 2007 pp: 1148-1150 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

- Hours M et al, (October 2007) Cell Phones and Risk of brain and acoustic nerve tumours: the French INTERPHONE case-control study, Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2007 Oct;55(5):321-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yan JG et al, (October 2007) Effects of cellular phone emissions on sperm motility in rats, Fertil Steril. 2007 Oct;88(4):957-64. Epub 2007 Jul 12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Meral I et al, (September 2007) Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs, Brain Res. 2007 Sep 12;1169:120-4. Epub 2007 Jul 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (September 2007) Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours - increased risk associated with use for > 10 years, Occup Environ Med. 2007 Sep;64(9):626-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Oberto G et al, (September 2007) Carcinogenicity study of 217 Hz pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fields in Pim1 transgenic mice, Radiat Res. 2007 Sep;168(3):316-26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Friedman J et al, (August 2007) Mechanism of a short-term ERK activation by electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency, Biochem J. 2007 Aug 1;405(3):559-68 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Guney M et al, (August 2007) 900 MHz radiofrequency-induced histopathologic changes and oxidative stress in rat endometrium: protection by vitamins E and C, Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Aug;23(7):411-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hung CS et al, (June 2007) Mobile phone 'talk-mode' signal delays EEG-determined sleep onset, Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jun 21;421(1):82-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

22

P Hoyto A et al, (June 2007) Ornithine decarboxylase activity is affected in primary astrocytes but not in secondary cell lines exposed to 872 MHz RF radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Jun;83(6):367-74 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mild KH et al, (2007) Pooled analysis of two Swedish case-control studies on the use of mobile and cordless telephones and the risk of brain tumours diagnosed during 1997-2003, Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2007;13(1):63-71 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Fritzer G et al, (May 2007) Effects of short- and long-term pulsed radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on night sleep and cognitive functions in healthy subject, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 May;28(4):316-25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Haarala C et al, (May 2007) Pulsed and continuous wave mobile phone exposure over left versus right hemisphere: Effects on human cognitive function, Bioelectromagnetics 2007 May;28(4):289-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (May 2007) Effects of pulsed and continuous wave 902 MHz mobile phone exposure on brain oscillatory activity during cognitive processing, Bioelectromagnetics 2007 May;28(4):296-308 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Mortazavi SM et al, (May 2007) Prevalence of subjective poor health symptoms associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields among university students, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 May;28(4):326-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Oftedal G et al, (May 2007) Mobile phone headache: a double blind, sham-controlled provocation study, Cephalalgia. 2007 May;27(5):447-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lahkola A et al, (April 2007) Mobile phone use and risk of glioma in 5 North European countries, Int J Cancer. 2007 Apr 15;120(8):1769-75 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hardell L et al, (April 2007) Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer, Int J Androl. 2007 Apr;30(2):115-22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Klaeboe L et al, (April 2007) Use of mobile phones in Norway and risk of intracranial tumours, Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Apr;16(2):158-64 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Panagopoulos D et al, (January 2007) Cell death induced by GSM 900-MHz and DCS 1800-MHz mobile telephony radiation, Mutat Res. 2007 Jan 10;626(1-2):69-78 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Huss A et al, (January 2007) Source of funding and results of studies of health effects of mobile phone use: systematic review of experimental studies, Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Jan;115(1):1-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Ribeiroa E et al, (January 2007) Effects of subchronic exposure to radio frquency from a conventional cellular telephone on testicular function in adult rats, J Urol 177(1): 395-399 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

N Schuz J et al, (December 2006) Cellular telephone use and cancer risk: update of a nationwide Danish cohort, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Dec 6;98(23):1707-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ferreira A et al, (December 2006) Ultra high frequency-electromagnetic field irradiation during pregnancy leads to an increase in erythrocytes micronuclei incidence in rat offspring, Life Sci 2006 Dec 3;80(1):43-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Takebayashi T et al, (December 2006) Mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma risk in Japan, Occup Environ Med. 2006 Dec;63(12):802-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oral B et al, (November 2006) Endometrial apoptosis induced by a 900-MHz mobile phone: preventive effects of vitamins E and C, Adv Ther. 2006 Nov-Dec;23(6):957-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (October 2006) Tumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones, World J Surg Oncol 2006 Oct 11;4:74 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Erogul O et al, (October 2006) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study, Arch Med Res 37(7):840-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lonn S et al, (October 2006) Mobile phone use and risk of parotid gland tumor, Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Oct 1;164(7):637-43. Epub 2006 Jul 3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

23

P Hardell L et al, (September 2006) Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 Sep;79(8):630-9. Epub 2006 Mar 16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lantow M et al, (September 2006) Comparative study of cell cycle kinetics and induction of apoptosis or necrosis after exposure of human mono mac 6 cells to radiofrequency radiation, Radiat Res. 2006 Sep;166(3):539-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nylund R, Leszcynski D, (September 2006) Mobile phone radiation causes changes in gene and protein expression in human endothelial cell lines and the response seems to be genome- and proteome-dependent, Proteomics 2006 Sep;6(17):4769-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Remondini D et al, (September 2006) Gene expression changes in human cells after exposure to mobile phone microwaves, Proteomics 2006 Sep;6(17):4745-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aalto S et al, (July 2006) Mobile phone affects cerebral blood flow in humans, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2006 Jul;26(7):885-90 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kuhn S, Kuster N, (July 2006) Development of Procedures for the EMF Exposure Evaluation of Wireless Devices in Home and Office Environments Supplement 1: Close-to-Body and Base Station Wireless Data Communication Devices, Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society, ETH Zurich, Switzerland [View Author's abstract conclusions]

N Schuz J et al, (July 2006) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted from base stations of DECT cordless phones and the risk of glioma and meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany), Radiat Res. 2006 Jul;166(1 Pt 1):116-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bachmann M et al, (2006) Integration of differences in EEG Analysis Reveals Changes in Human EEG Caused by Microwave, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:1597-600 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- de Salles AA et al, (2006) Electromagnetic absorption in the head of adults and children due to mobile phone operation close to the head, Electromagn Biol Med. 2006;25(4):349-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hondou T et al, (2006) Passive Exposure to Mobile Phones: Enhancement of Intensity by Reflection, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75 (2006) 084801 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Koylu H et al, (June 2006) Melatonin modulates 900 Mhz microwave-induced lipid peroxidation changes in rat brain, Toxicol Ind Health 2006 Jun;22(5):211-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (June 2006) Mobile phone effects on children's event-related oscillatory EEG during an auditory memory task, Int J Radiat Biol 2006 Jun;82(6):443-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oktay MF, Dasdag S, (2006) Effects of intensive and moderate cellular phone use on hearing function, Electromagn Biol Med. 2006;25(1):13-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev IY et al, (May 2006) Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation, Bioelectromagnetics. 2006 May;27(4):295-306 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hepworth SJ et al, (April 2006) Mobile phone use and risk of glioma in adults: case-control study, BMJ. 2006 Apr 15;332(7546):883-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rubin GJ et al, (April 2006) Are some people sensitive to mobile phone signals? Within participants double blind randomised provocation study, BMJ. 2006 Apr 15;332(7546):886-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Papageorgiou CC et al, (April 2006) Acute mobile phone effects on pre-attentive operation, Neurosci Lett. 2006 Apr 10-17;397(1-2):99-103 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vrijheid M et al, (April 2006) Validation of short term recall of mobile phone use for the Interphone study, Occup Environ Med. 2006 Apr;63(4):237-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

24

N Wilen J et al, (April 2006) Psychophysiological tests and provocation of subjects with mobile phone related symptoms, Bioelectromagnetics 2006 Apr;27(3):204-14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Schuz J et al, (March 2006) Cellular phones, cordless phones, and the risks of glioma and meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany), Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Mar 15;163(6):512-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Esen F, Esen H, (March 2006) Effect of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the latency of evoked electrodermal activity, Int J Neurosci. 2006 Mar;116(3):321-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (February 2006) Case-control study of the association between the use of cellular and cordless telephones and malignant brain tumors diagnosed during 2000-2003, Environ Res. 2006 Feb;100(2):232-41 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Schoemaker MJ et al, (October 2005) Mobile phone use and risk of acoustic neuroma: results of the Interphone case-control study in five North European countries, Br J Cancer. 2005 Oct 3;93(7):842-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nikolova T et al, (October 2005) Electromagnetic fields affect transcript levels of apoptosis-related genes in embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, FASEB J. 2005 Oct;19(12):1686-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fejes I et al, (September 2005) Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality?, Arch Androl. 2005 Sep-Oct;51(5):385-93 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (September 2005) Use of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2005 Sep;78(8):625-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Markova E et al, (September 2005) Microwaves from GSM mobile telephones affect 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Sep;113(9):1172-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (September 2005) Effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on the expression of GABA receptor of cerebral cortical neurons in postnatal rats, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Sep;34(5):546-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ozguner F et al, (August 2005) Comparative analysis of the protective effects of melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on mobile phone-induced renal impairment in rat, Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 Aug;276(1-2):31-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Preece AW et al, (2005) Effect of 902 MHz mobile phone transmission on cognitive function in children, Bioelectromagnetics Suppl 7 S138-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Oktem F et al, (July 2005) Oxidative damage in the kidney induced by 900-MHz-emitted mobile phone: protection by melatonin, Arch Med Res. 2005 Jul-Aug;36(4):350-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (2005) Case-control study on cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for acoustic neuroma or meningioma in patients diagnosed 2000-2003, Neuroepidemiology. 2005;25(3):120-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Diem E et al, (June 2005) Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro, Mutat Res. 2005 Jun 6;583(2):178-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hardell L et al, (June 2005) Use of cellular telephones and brain tumour risk in urban and rural areas, Occup Environ Med. 2005 Jun;62(6):390-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Meo SA, Al-Drees AM, (2005) Mobile phone related-hazards and subjective hearing and vision symptoms in the Saudi population, Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2005;18(1):53-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Garcia Callejo FJ et al, (May 2005) Hearing level and intensive use of mobile phones, Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2005 May;56(5):187-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Christensen HC et al, (April 2005) Cellular telephones and risk for brain tumors: a population-based, incident case-control study, Neurology. 2005 Apr 12;64(7):1189-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev IY et al, (April 2005) 915 MHz microwaves and 50 Hz magnetic field affect chromatin conformation and 53BP1 foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Bioelectromagnetics. 2005 Apr;26(3):173-84 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lonn S et al, (March 2005) Long-term mobile phone use and brain tumor risk, Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Mar 15;161(6):526-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balik HH et al, (March 2005) Some ocular symptoms and sensations experienced by long term users of mobile phones, Pathol Biol (Paris). 2005 Mar;53(2):88-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (March 2005) Effect of 900Mhz electromagnetic fields on energy metabolism in postnatal rat cerebral cortical neurons, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Mar;34(2):155-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Huber R et al, (February 2005) Exposure to pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields affects regional cerebral blood flow, Eur J Neurosci. 2005 Feb;21(4):1000-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lonn S et al, (November 2004) Mobile phone use and the risk of acoustic neuroma, Epidemiology. 2004 Nov;15(6):653-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, (October 2004) Interaction of microwaves and a temporally incoherent magnetic field on spatial learning in the rat, Physiol Behav. 2004 Oct 15;82(5):785-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Panagopoulos D et al, (2004) Effect of GSM 900-MHz Mobile Phone radiation on the reproductive capacity of Drosophila melanogaster, Electromagn Biol Med 23(1): 29-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Ozguner F et al, (September 2004) Prevention of mobile phone induced skin tissue changes by melatonin in rat: an experimental study, Toxicol Ind Health. 2004 Sep;20(6-10):133-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hardell L et al, (August 2004) No association between the use of cellular or cordless telephones and salivary gland tumours, Occup Environ Med. 2004 Aug;61(8):675-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (July 2004) Effect of 900MHz electromagnetic fields on energy metabolism of cerebral cortical neurons in postnatal rat, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2004 Jul;33(4):428-9, 432 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Al-Khlaiwi T, Meo SA, (June 2004) Association of mobile phone radiation with fatigue, headache, dizziness, tension and sleep disturbance in Saudi population, Saudi Med J. 2004 Jun;25(6):732-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Czyz J et al, (May 2004) High frequency electromagnetic fields (GSM signals) affect gene expression levels in tumor suppressor p53-deficient embryonic stem cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2004 May;25(4):296-307 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

26

- Samkange-Zeeb F et al, (May 2004) Validation of self-reported cellular phone use, J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2004 May;14(3):245-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sarimov R et al, (2004) Nonthermal GSM Microwaves Affect Chromatin Conformation in Human Lymphocytes Similar to Heat Shock, IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 2004; 32 (4): 1600 - 1608 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

N Christensen HC et al, (February 2004) Cellular telephone use and risk of acoustic neuroma, Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Feb 1;159(3):277-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Johansen C, (2004) Electromagnetic fields and health effects--epidemiologic studies of cancer, diseases of the central nervous system and arrhythmia-related heart disease, Scand J Work Environ Health. 2004;30 Suppl 1:1-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Costa H et al, (December 2003) Human brain wave activity during exposure to radiofrequency field emissions from mobile phones, Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 2003 Dec;26(4):162-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grigor'ev IuG, (September 2003) Biological effects of mobile phone electromagnetic field on chick embryo (risk assessment using the mortality rate), Radiats Biol Radioecol. 2003 Sep-Oct;43(5):541-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kramarenko AV, Tan U, (July 2003) Effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on human EEG: a brain mapping study, Int J Neurosci. 2003 Jul;113(7):1007-19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Cook A et al, (June 2003) Cellular telephone use and time trends for brain, head and neck tumours, N Z Med J. 2003 Jun 6;116(1175):U457 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Salford L et al, (June 2003) Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones, Environ Health Perspect 2003 Jun;111(7):881-3; discussion A408 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P de Pomerai DI et al, (May 2003) Microwave radiation can alter protein conformation without bulk heating, FEBS Lett. 2003 May 22;543(1-3):93-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (May 2003) Radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in humans: Estimation of SAR distribution in the brain, effects on sleep and heart rate, Bioelectromagnetics. 2003 May;24(4):262-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Warren HG et al, (April 2003) Cellular telephone use and risk of intratemporal facial nerve tumor, Laryngoscope. 2003 Apr;113(4):663-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wilen J et al, (April 2003) Subjective symptoms among mobile phone users--a consequence of absorption of radiofrequency fields?, Bioelectromagnetics. 2003 Apr;24(3):152-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (March 2003) Vestibular schwannoma, tinnitus and cellular telephones, Neuroepidemiology 2003 Mar-Apr;22(2):124-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Westerman R, (March 2003) Neurological effects of radiofrequency radiation, Occup Med 2003 Mar;53(2):123-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hardell L et al, (February 2003) Further aspects on cellular and cordless telephones and brain tumours, Int J Oncol. 2003 Feb;22(2):399-407 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (December 2002) Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG, J Sleep Res 2002 Dec;11(4):289-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Beason R, Semm P, (November 2002) Responses of neurons to an amplitude modulated microwave stimulus, Neurosci Lett 2002 Nov 29;333(3):175-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

27

P Burch JB et al, (November 2002) Melatonin metabolite excretion among cellular telephone users, Int J Radiat Biol. 2002 Nov;78(11):1029-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Westerman R, (October 2002) Neurological changes induced by a mobile phone, Occup Med (Lond). 2002 Oct;52(7):413-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (August 2002) Cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for brain tumours, Eur J Cancer Prev. 2002 Aug;11(4):377-86 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Leszczynski D et al, (May 2002) Non-thermal activation of the hsp27/p38MAPK stress pathway by mobile phone radiation in human endothelial cells: molecular mechanism for cancer- and blood-brain barrier-related effects, Differentiation. 2002 May;70(2-3):120-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Muscat JE et al, (April 2002) Handheld cellular telephones and risk of acoustic neuroma, Neurology. 2002 Apr 23;58(8):1304-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Johansen C et al, (February 2002) Mobile phones and malignant melanoma of the eye, Br J Cancer. 2002 Feb 1;86(3):348-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Edelstyn N, Oldershaw A, (January 2002) The acute effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones on human attention, Neuroreport. 2002 Jan 21;13(1):119-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Ambrosio G et al, (January 2002) Cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes following GMSK phase modulated microwave exposure, Bioelectromagnetics. 2002 Jan;23(1):7-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (December 2001) Ionizing radiation, cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours, Eur J Cancer Prev. 2001 Dec;10(6):523-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Tattersall JE et al, (June 2001) Effects of low intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on electrical activity in rat hippocampal slices, Brain Res. 2001 Jun 15;904(1):43-53 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Johansen C et al, (February 2001) Cellular telephones and cancer--a nationwide cohort study in Denmark, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001 Feb 7;93(3):203-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sandstrom M et al, (February 2001) Mobile phone use and subjective symptoms. Comparison of symptoms experienced by users of analogue and digital mobile phones, Occup Med (Lond). 2001 Feb;51(1):25-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Inskip PD et al, (January 2001) Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors, N Engl J Med. 2001 Jan 11;344(2):79-86 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Stang A et al, (January 2001) The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma, Epidemiology. 2001 Jan;12(1):7-12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Muscat JE et al, (December 2000) Handheld cellular telephone use and risk of brain cancer, JAMA. 2000 Dec 20;284(23):3001-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (December 2000) Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the electroencephalogram during a visual working memory task, Int J Radiat Biol. 2000 Dec;76(12):1659-67 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

28

P Chia SE et al, (November 2000) Prevalence of headache among handheld cellular telephone users in Singapore: a community study, Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Nov;108(11):1059-62 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (October 2000) Exposure to pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field during waking affects human sleep EEG, Neuroreport. 2000 Oct 20;11(15):3321-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grajewski B et al, (October 2000) Semen quality and hormone levels among radiofrequency heater operators, J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Oct;42(10):993-1005 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Richter E et al, (July 2000) Cancer in radar technicians exposed to radiofrequency/microwave radiation: sentinel episodes, Int J Occup Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep;6(3):187-93 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Koivisto M et al, (June 2000) The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory, Neuroreport. 2000 Jun 5;11(8):1641-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (May 2000) Case-control study on radiology work, medical x-ray investigations, and use of cellular telephones as risk factors for brain tumors, MedGenMed. 2000 May 4;2(2):E2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oftedal G et al, (May 2000) Symptoms experienced in connection with mobile phone use, Occup Med (Lond). 2000 May;50(4):237-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cao Z et al, (March 2000) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from handsets of cellular telephone on neurobehavioral function, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2000 Mar 30;29(2):102-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (March 2000) Effects of electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on the EEG during a memory task, Neuroreport. 2000 Mar 20;11(4):761-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Morgan RW et al, (March 2000) Radiofrequency exposure and mortality from cancer of the brain and lymphatic/hematopoietic systems, Epidemiology. 2000 Mar;11(2):118-27 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Koivisto M et al, (February 2000) Effects of 902 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular telephones on response times in humans, Neuroreport. 2000 Feb 7;11(2):413-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang B, Lai H, (January 2000) Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats, Bioelectromagnetics. 2000 Jan;21(1):52-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Borbely AA et al, (November 1999) Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field affects human sleep and sleep electroencephalogram, Neurosci Lett. 1999 Nov 19;275(3):207-10 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (July 1999) Use of cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours: A case-control study, Int J Oncol. 1999 Jul;15(1):113-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Velizarov S et al, (February 1999) The effects of radiofrequency fields on cell proliferation are non-thermal, Bioelectrochem Bioenerg. 1999 Feb;48(1):177-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hardell L et al, (December 1998) Case-control study on risk factors for testicular cancer, Int J Oncol. 1998 Dec;13(6):1299-303 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eulitz C et al, (October 1998) Mobile phones modulate response patterns of human brain activity, Neuroreport. 1998 Oct 5;9(14):3229-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Freude G et al, (1998) Effects of microwaves emitted by cellular phones on human slow brain potentials, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(6):384-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Haugsdal B et al, (1998) Comparison of symptoms experienced by users of analogue and digital mobile phones: a Swedish-Norwegian epidemiological study, Arbetslivsrapport 23: 1998 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

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P Duan L et al, (March 1998) Observations of changes in neurobehavioral functions in workers exposed to high-frequency radiation, Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1998 Mar;32(2):109-11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Donnellan M et al, (July 1997) Effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation at 835 MHz on growth, morphology and secretory characteristics of a mast cell analogue, RBL-2H3, Cell Biol Int. 1997 Jul;21(7):427-39 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P French PW et al, (June 1997) Electromagnetic radiation at 835 MHz changes the morphology and inhibits proliferation of a human astrocytoma cell line, Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, June 1997;43(1):13-18 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

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P Singh B, Bate LA, (November 1996) Responses of pulmonary intravascular macrophages to 915-MHz microwave radiation: ultrastructural and cytochemical study, Anat Rec. 1996 Nov;246(3):343-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dobson J, St. Pierre T, (October 1996) Application of the ferromagnetic transduction model to D.C. and pulsed magnetic fields: effects on epileptogenic tissue and implications for cellular phone safety, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996 Oct 23;227(3):718-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Szmigielski S, (February 1996) Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation, Sci Total Environ. 1996 Feb 2;180(1):9-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reiser H et al, (October 1995) The influence of electromagnetic fields on human brain activity, Eur J Med Res. 1995 Oct 16;1(1):27-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Goldsmith JR, (January 1995) Epidemiologic Evidence of Radiofrequency Radiation (Microwave) Effects on Health in Military, Broadcasting, and Occupational Studies, Int J Occup Environ Health. 1995 Jan;1(1):47-57 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lai H et al, (1994) Microwave irradiation affects radial-arm maze performance in the rat, Bioelectromagnetics. 1994;15(2):95-104 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ouellet-Hellstrom R, Stewart WF, (November 1993) Miscarriages among female physical therapists who report using radio- and microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation, Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Nov 15;138(10):775-86 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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30

Mobile Phone Masts (xMMx)

P Hardell L et al, (May 2018) Radiofrequency radiation from nearby base stations gives high levels in an apartment in Stockholm, Sweden: A case report., Oncol Lett. 2018 May;15(5):7871-7883. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.8285. Epub 2018 Mar 16. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hardell L et al, (October 2016) Radiofrequency radiation at Stockholm Central Railway Station in Sweden and some medical aspects on public exposure to RF fields., Int J Oncol. 2016 Oct;49(4):1315-1324. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3657. Epub 2016 Aug 12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Balmori A, (June 2015) Anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as an emerging threat to wildlife orientation, Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jun 15;518-519:58-60. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.077. Epub 2015 Mar 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Zhou LY et al, (April 2014) Epidemiological investigation of risk factors of the pregnant women with early spontaneous abortion in Beijing, Chin J Integr Med. 2015 Apr 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gryz K et al, (March 2015) The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements, Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:272460. doi: 10.1155/2015/272460. Epub 2015 Mar 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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- Kim BC et al, (September 2014) Evaluation of radiofrequency exposure levels from multiple wireless installations in population dense areas in Korea, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 4. doi: 10.1002/bem.21874. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gandhi G et al, (July 2014) A cross-sectional case control study on genetic damage in individuals residing in the vicinity of a mobile phone base station, Electromagn Biol Med. 2014 Jul 9:1-11. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pelletier A et al, (June 2014) Does exposure to a radiofrequency electromagnetic field modify thermal preference in juvenile rats?, PLoS One. 2014 Jun 6;9(6):e99007. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099007. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Pilla AA, (September 2012) Electromagnetic fields instantaneously modulate nitric oxide signaling in challenged biological systems, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Sep 28;426(3):330-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.078. Epub 2012 Aug 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

31

N Vijayalaxmi, Prihoda TJ, (September 2012) Genetic Damage in Human Cells Exposed to Non-ionizing Radiofrequency Fields: A Meta-Analysis of the Data from 88 Publications (1990-2011), Mutat Res. 2012 Sep 27. pii: S1383-5718(12)00286-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.09.007. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hassig M et al, (February 2012) Increased occurence of nuclear cataract in the calf after erection of a mobile phone base station, Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2012 Feb;154(2):82-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Wallace D et al, (January 2012) Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jan;33(1):23-39. doi: 10.1002/bem.20681. Epub 2011 Jun 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Sirav B, Seyhan N, (December 2011) Effects of radiofrequency radiation exposure on blood-brain barrier permeability in male and female rats, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Dec;30(4):253-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eskander EF et al, (November 2011) How does long term exposure to base stations and mobile phones affect human hormone profiles?, Clin Biochem. 2011 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Boursianis A et al, (October 2011) Measurements for assessing the exposure from 3G femtocells, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Oct 13. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Breckenkamp J et al, (October 2011) Residential characteristics and radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposures from bedroom measurements in Germany, Radiat Environ Biophys. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J, Dechant E, (August 2011) Trends in residential exposure to electromagnetic fields from 2006 to 2009, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dode AC et al, (July 2011) Mortality by neoplasia and cellular telephone base stations in the Belo Horizonte municipality, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, Sci Total Environ. 2011 Jul 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- van Deventer E et al, (July 2011) WHO research agenda for radiofrequency fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jul;32(5):417-21. doi: 10.1002/bem.20660. Epub 2011 Mar 14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- van Rhoon GC et al, (2011) Health Council of The Netherlands: no need to change from SAR to time-temperature relation in electromagnetic fields exposure limits, Int J Hyperthermia. 2011;27(4):399-404 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Bornkessel C, (May 2011) Assessment of exposure to mobile telecommunication electromagnetic fields, Wien Med Wochenschr. 2011 May;161(9-10):233-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Roosli M, Hug K, (May 2011) Wireless communication fields and non-specific symptoms of ill health: a literature review, Wien Med Wochenschr. 2011 May;161(9-10):240-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Viel JF et al, (May 2011) Variability of radiofrequency exposure across days of the week: a population-based study, Environ Res. 2011 May;111(4):510-3. Epub 2011 Mar 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Blank M, Goodman R, (April 2011) DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):409-15. Epub 2011 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

32

- Ibitoye ZA, Aweda AM, (February 2011) Assessment of radiofrequency power density distribution around GSM and broadcast antenna masts in Lagos City, Nigeria, Nig Q J Hosp Med. 2011 Jan-Mar;21(1):35-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Trillo MA et al, (January 2011) Cytostatic response of NB69 cells to weak pulse-modulated 2.2 GHz radar-like signals, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jan 28. doi: 10.1002/bem.20643. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vulevic B, Osmokrovic P, (January 2011) Survey of elf magnetic field levels in households near overhead power lines in serbia, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kos B et al, (December 2010) Exposure assessment in front of a multi-band base station antenna, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Roosli M et al, (December 2010) Systematic review on the health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations, Bull World Health Organ. 2010 Dec 1;88(12):887-896F. Epub 2010 Oct 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Heinrich S et al, (November 2010) Association between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields assessed by dosimetry and acute symptoms in children and adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study, Environ Health. 2010 Nov 25;9:75 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Damvik M, Johansson O, (November 2010) Health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields: a conflict between the precautionary principle and environmental medicine methodology, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Oct-Dec;25(4):325-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W, Verloock L, (November 2010) Influence of mobile phone traffic on base station exposure of the general public, Health Phys. 2010 Nov;99(5):631-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W et al, (October 2010) Comparison of personal radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in different urban areas across Europe, Environ Res. 2010 Oct;110(7):658-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W et al, (October 2010) Assessment of general public exposure to LTE and RF sources present in an urban environment, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Oct;31(7):576-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kheifets L et al, (October 2010) Risk governance for mobile phones, power lines, and other EMF technologies, Risk Anal. 2010 Oct;30(10):1481-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vermeeren G et al, (September 2010) The influence of the reflective environment on the absorption of a human male exposed to representative base station antennas from 300 MHz to 5 GHz, Phys Med Biol. 2010 Sep 21;55(18):5541-55. Epub 2010 Aug 31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Danker-Hopfe H et al, (September 2010) Do mobile phone base stations affect sleep of residents? Results from an experimental double-blind sham-controlled field study, Am J Hum Biol. 2010 Sep-Oct;22(5):613-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kim BC, Park SO, (September 2010) Evaluation of RF electromagnetic field exposure levels from cellular base stations in Korea, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Sep;31(6):495-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McIntosh RL, Anderson V, (September 2010) SAR versus S(inc): What is the appropriate RF exposure metric in the range 1-10 GHz? Part II: Using complex human body models, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Sep;31(6):467-78 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Russo P et al, (August 2010) A numerical coefficient for evaluation of the environmental impact of electromagnetic fields radiated by base stations for mobile communications, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Elliott P et al, (June 2010) Mobile phone base stations and early childhood cancers: case-control study, BMJ. 2010 Jun 22;340:c3077. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c3077 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Stam R, (October 2010) Electromagnetic fields and the blood-brain barrier, Brain Res Rev. 2010 Oct 5;65(1):80-97. Epub 2010 Jun 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Augner C et al, (June 2010) Effects of exposure to GSM mobile phone base station signals on salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, and immunoglobulin A, Biomed Environ Sci. 2010 Jun;23(3):199-207. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

33

- van Kleef E et al, (June 2010) Risk and benefit perceptions of mobile phone and base station technology in Bangladesh, Risk Anal. 2010 Jun;30(6):1002-15. Epub 2010 Apr 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Panagopoulos DJ, Margaritis LH, (May 2010) The identification of an intensity 'window' on the bioeffects of mobile telephony radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 May;86(5):358-66 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Vorobyov V et al, (May 2010) Repeated exposure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwaves affects cortex-hypothalamus interplay in freely moving rats: EEG study, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 May;86(5):376-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J et al, (April 2010) Survey of electromagnetic field exposure in bedrooms of residences in lower Austria, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):200-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Takahashi S et al, (March 2010) Lack of adverse effects of whole-body exposure to a mobile telecommunication electromagnetic field on the rat fetus, Radiat Res. 2010 Mar;173(3):362-72 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO et al, (January 2010) Electromagnetic fields and cancer: the cost of doing nothing, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Jan-Mar;25(1):75-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Wallace D et al, (January 2010) Do TETRA (Airwave) Base Station Signals Have a Short-Term Impact on Health and Well-Being? A Randomized Double-Blind Provocation Study, Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Jan 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hu J et al, (November 2009) Level of microwave radiation from mobile phone base stations built in residential districts, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2009 Nov;38(6):712-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McNamee JP, Chauhan V., (September 2009) Radiofrequency radiation and gene/protein expression: a review, Radiat Res. 2009 Sep;172(3):265-87 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sirav B et al, (2009) Radio frequency radiation (RFR) from TV and radio transmitters at a pilot region in Turkey, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2009;136(2):114-7. Epub 2009 Aug 11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Viel JF et al, (August 2009) Radiofrequency exposure in the French general population: band, time, location and activity variability, Environ Int. 2009 Nov;35(8):1150-4. Epub 2009 Aug 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Frei P et al, (August 2009) Temporal and spatial variability of personal exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Environ Res. 2009 Aug;109(6):779-85. Epub 2009 May 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Eltiti S et al, (May 2009) Short-term exposure to mobile phone base station signals does not affect cognitive functioning or physiological measures in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and controls, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 May 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Viel JF et al, (March 2009) Residential exposure to radiofrequency fields from mobile-phone base stations, and broadcast transmitters: a population-based survey with personal meter, Occup Environ Med. 2009 Mar 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balmori A, (March 2009) Electromagnetic pollution from phone masts. Effects on wildlife, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kundi M, Hutter HP, (March 2009) Mobile phone base stations-Effects on wellbeing and health, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Berg-Beckhoff G et al, (February 2009) Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 2 of a cross-sectional study with measured radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Occup Environ Med. 2009 Feb;66(2):124-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blettner M et al, (November 2008) Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: Phase 1: A population-based cross-sectional study in Germany, Occup Environ Med. 2008 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Augner C et al, (September 2008) GSM base stations: Short-term effects on well-being, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Sep 19. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

34

P Pavicic I, Trosic I, (August 2008) In vitro testing of cellular response to ultra high frequency electromagnetic field radiation, Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Aug;22(5):1344-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eberhardt JL et al, (2008) Blood-brain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 days after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(3):215-29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aly AA et al, (February 2008) Effects of 900-MHz radio frequencies on the chemotaxis of human neutrophils in vitro, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Feb;55(2):795-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hardell L, Sage C, (February 2008) Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards, Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Feb;62(2):104-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Everaert J, Bauwens D, (2007) A possible effect of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone base stations on the number of breeding house sparrows (Passer domesticus), Electromagn Biol Med. 2007;26(1):63-72 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Preece AW et al, (June 2007) Health response of two communities to military antennae in Cyprus, Occup Environ Med. 2007 Jun;64(6):402-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Abdel-Rassoul G et al, (March 2007) Neurobehavioral effects among inhabitants around mobile phone base stations, Neurotoxicology. 2007 Mar;28(2):434-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yurekli A et al, (2006) GSM base station electromagnetic radiation and oxidative stress in rats, Electromagn Biol Med 25(3):177-88 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hutter HP et al, (May 2006) Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations, Occup Environ Med. 2006 May;63(5):307-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balmori A, (October 2005) Possible Effects of Electromagnetic Fields from Phone Masts on a Population of White Stork (Ciconia ciconia), Electromagn Biol Med 24: 109-119, 2005 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Reif JS et al, (August 2005) Human responses to Residential RF exposure, 2 RO1 ES0008117-04 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

N Degrave E et al, (2005) All-cause mortality among Belgian military radar operators: a 40-year controlled longitudinal study, Eur J Epidemiol. 2005;20(8):677-81 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P REFLEX Report, (December 2004) Risk Evaluation of Potential Environmental Hazards From Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure Using Sensitive in vitro Methods, A project funded by the European Union under the programme "Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources" [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Eger H et al, (November 2004) The Influence of Being Physically Near to a Cell Phone Transmission Mast on the Incidence of Cancer, Umwelt Medizin Gesellschaft 17,4 2004 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Bortkiewicz A et al, (2004) Subjective symptoms reported by people living in the vicinity of cellular phone base stations: review, Med Pr. 2004;55(4):345-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oberfeld G et al, (October 2004) The Microwave Syndrome - Further Aspects of a Spanish Study, Conference Proceedings [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Wolf R, Wolf D, (April 2004) Increased incidence of cancer near a cell-phone transmitter station, International Journal of Cancer Prevention, 1(2) April 2004 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

- Roosli M et al, (February 2004) Symptoms of ill health ascribed to electromagnetic field exposure--a questionnaire survey, Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2004 Feb;207(2):141-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Navarro EA et al, (December 2003) The Microwave Syndrome: A Preliminary Study in Spain, Electromagn Biol Med 22(2-3): 161-169 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Santini R et al, (September 2003) Symptoms experienced by people in vicinity of base stations: II/ Incidences of age, duration of exposure, location of subjects in relation to the antennas and other electromagnetic factors, Pathol Biol (Paris). 2003 Sep;51(7):412-5 [View Author's abstract

35

]

conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Santini Ret al, (July 2002)Investigation on the health of people living near mobile telephone relay stations: I/Incidence according to distance and sex, PatholBiol (Paris) 2002 Jul;50(6):369-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

36

Wi-Fi (xWFx)

P Pall ML, (July 2018) Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health., Environ Res. 2018 Jul;164:405-416. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035. Epub 2018 Mar 21. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hedendahl LK et al, (November 2017) Measurements of Radiofrequency Radiation with a Body-Borne Exposimeter in Swedish Schools with Wi-Fi, Front Public Health. 2017 Nov 20;5:279. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00279. eCollection 2017 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lahham A et al, (August 2015) Public Exposure from Indoor Radiofrequency Radiation in the City of Hebron, West Bank-Palestine, Health Phys. 2015 Aug;109(2):117-21. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000296 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Redmayne M, (June 2015) International policy and advisory response regarding children's exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), Electromagn Biol Med. 2015 Jun 19:1-9. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balmori A, (June 2015) Anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as an emerging threat to wildlife orientation, Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jun 15;518-519:58-60. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.077. Epub 2015 Mar 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hareuveny R et al, (June 2015) Occupational exposures to radiofrequency fields: results of an Israeli national survey, J Radiol Prot. 2015 Jun;35(2):429-45. doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/35/2/429. Epub 2015 May 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Osei S et al, (May 2015) Assessment of levels of occupationsl exposure to workers in radiofrequency fields of two television stations in Accra, Ghana, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2015 May 15. pii: ncv326. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gryz K et al, (March 2015) The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements, Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:272460. doi: 10.1155/2015/272460. Epub 2015 Mar 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dasdag S et al, (March 2015) Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radition emitted from WiFi equipment on microRNA expression in brain tissue, Int J Radiat Biol. 2015 Mar 16:1-26. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al, (January 2015) Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Jan;36(1):77-85. doi: 10.1002/bem.21887. Epub 2014 Nov 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO, (November 2014) Excessive exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields may cause the development of electrohypersensitivity, Altern Ther Health Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;20(6):40-2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Sadetzki S et al, (September 2014) The MOBI-Kids Study Protocol: Challenges in Assessing Childhood and Adolescent Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Telecommunication Technologies and Possible Association with Brain Tumor Risk, Front Public Health. 2014 Sep 23;2:124. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00124. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Bolte JF, Eikelboom T, (November 2012) Personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurements in the Netherlands: Exposure level and variability for everyday activities, times of day and types of area, Environ Int. 2012 Nov 1;48:133-42. Epub 2012 Aug 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pilla AA, (September 2012) Electromagnetic fields instantaneously modulate nitric oxide signaling in challenged biological systems, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Sep 28;426(3):330-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.078. Epub 2012 Aug 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Vijayalaxmi, Prihoda TJ, (September 2012) Genetic Damage in Human Cells Exposed to Non-ionizing Radiofrequency Fields: A Meta-Analysis of the Data from 88 Publications (1990-2011), Mutat Res. 2012 Sep 27. pii: S1383-5718(12)00286-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.09.007. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Repacholi M et al, (July 2012) Scientific basis for the Soviet and Russian radiofrequency standards for the general public, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jul 2. doi: 10.1002/bem.21742. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bellieni CV et al, (2012) Exposure to electromagnetic fields from laptop use of "laptop" computers, Arch Environ Occup Health. 2012;67(1):31-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

37

P Atasoy HI et al, (March 2012) Immunohistopathologic demonstration of deleterious effects on growing rat testes of radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices, J Pediatr Urol. 2012 Mar 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Poulletier de Gannes F et al, (February 2012) Effect of In Utero Wi-Fi Exposure on the Pre- and Postnatal Development of Rats, Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2012 Feb 6. doi: 10.1002/bdrb.20346. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Avendano C et al, (January 2012) Use of laptop computers connected to internet through Wi-Fi decreases human sperm motility and increases sperm DNA fragmentation, Fertil Steril. 2012 Jan;97(1):39-45.e2. Epub 2011 Nov 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Sambucci M et al, (December 2011) Early life exposure to 2.45GHz WiFi-like signals: Effects on development and maturation of the immune system, Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2011 Dec;107(3):393-8. Epub 2011 Sep 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Breckenkamp J et al, (October 2011) Residential characteristics and radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposures from bedroom measurements in Germany, Radiat Environ Biophys. 2011 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kumar S et al, (2011) The therapeutic effect of a pulsed electromagnetic field on the reproductive patterns of male Wistar rats exposed to a 2.45-GHz microwave field, Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(7):1237-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Papageorgiou CC et al, (June 2011) Effects of wi-fi signals on the p300 component of event-related potentials during an auditory hayling task, J Integr Neurosci. 2011 Jun;10(2):189-202. doi: 10.1142/S0219635211002695 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Peyman A et al, (June 2011) Assessment of exposure to electromagnetic fields from wireless computer networks (wi-fi) in schools; results of laboratory measurements, Health Phys. 2011 Jun;100(6):594-612. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Viel JF et al, (May 2011) Variability of radiofrequency exposure across days of the week: a population-based study, Environ Res. 2011 May;111(4):510-3. Epub 2011 Mar 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Blank M, Goodman R, (April 2011) DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):409-15. Epub 2011 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McIntosh RL, Anderson V, (September 2010) SAR versus S(inc): What is the appropriate RF exposure metric in the range 1-10 GHz? Part II: Using complex human body models, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Sep;31(6):467-78 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Joseph W et al, (May 2010) Estimation of whole-body SAR from electromagnetic fields using personal exposure meters, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 May;31(4):286-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Fang M, Malone D, (April 2010) Experimental verification of a radiofrequency power model for Wi-Fi technology, Health Phys. 2010 Apr;98(4):574-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Verloock L et al, (April 2010) Procedure for assessment of general public exposure from WLAN in offices and in wireless sensor network testbed, Health Phys. 2010 Apr;98(4):628-38 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO et al, (January 2010) Electromagnetic fields and cancer: the cost of doing nothing, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Jan-Mar;25(1):75-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Viel JF et al, (August 2009) Radiofrequency exposure in the French general population: band, time, location and activity variability, Environ Int. 2009 Nov;35(8):1150-4. Epub 2009 Aug 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Frei P et al, (August 2009) Temporal and spatial variability of personal exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Environ Res. 2009 Aug;109(6):779-85. Epub 2009 May 23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Peyman A et al, (June 2009) Evaluation Of Exposure Of School Children To Electromagnetic Fields From Wireless Computer Networks (Wi-Fi): Phase 1 Laboratory Measurements, [View Author's abstract conclusions]

- Kuhn S et al, (August 2007) Assessment Methods for Demonstrating Compliance With Safety Limits of Wireless Devices Used in Home and Office Environments, Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2007 August;49(3):519-525 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

- Foster KR, (March 2007) Radiofrequency exposure from wireless LANs utilizing Wi-Fi technology, Health Phys. 2007 Mar;92(3):280-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

38

P Kuhn S, Kuster N, (July 2006) Development of Procedures for the EMF Exposure Evaluation of Wireless Devices in Home and Office Environments Supplement 1: Close-to-Body and Base Station Wireless Data Communication Devices, Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society, ETH Zurich, Switzerland [View Author's abstract conclusions]

39

Radio Transmitters (xRTx)

- Baste V et al, (January 2010) Radiofrequency exposure on fast patrol boats in the Royal Norwegian Navy-an approach to a dose assessment, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sirav B et al, (2009) Radio frequency radiation (RFR) from TV and radio transmitters at a pilot region in Turkey, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2009;136(2):114-7. Epub 2009 Aug 11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Viel JF et al, (August 2009) Radiofrequency exposure in the French general population: band, time, location and activity variability, Environ Int. 2009 Nov;35(8):1150-4. Epub 2009 Aug 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huttunen P et al, (March 2009) FM-radio and TV tower signals can cause spontaneous hand movements near moving RF reflector, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Merzenich H et al, (October 2008) Childhood Leukemia in Relation to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the Vicinity of TV and Radio Broadcast Transmitters, Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Oct 3. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baste V et al, (April 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring, Eur J Epidemiol. 2008 Apr 16 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Clark ML et al, (October 2007) Biomonitoring of estrogen and melatonin metabolites among women residing near radio and television broadcasting transmitters, J Occup Environ Med. 2007 Oct;49(10):1149-56 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ha M et al, (August 2007) Radio-frequency radiation exposure from AM radio transmitters and childhood leukemia and brain cancer, Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Aug 1;166(3):270-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reif JS et al, (August 2005) Human responses to Residential RF exposure, 2 RO1 ES0008117-04 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Hallberg O, Johansson O, (2005) FM broadcasting exposure time and malignant melanoma incidence, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 24; 1-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Park SK et al, (August 2004) Ecological study on residences in the vicinity of AM radio broadcasting towers and cancer death: preliminary observations in Korea, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2004 Aug;77(6):387-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hallberg O, Johansson O, (July 2004) Malignant melanoma of the skin - not a sunshine story!, Med Sci Monit. 2004 Jul;10(7):CR336-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ha M et al, (December 2003) Incidence of cancer in the vicinity of Korean AM radio transmitters, Arch Environ Health. 2003 Dec;58(12):756-62 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Gordon I, (September 2003) Decreased survival for childhood leukemia in proximity to television towers, Arch Environ Health. 2003 Sep;58(9):560-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Michelozzi P et al, (June 2002) Adult and childhood leukemia near a high-power radio station in Rome, Italy, Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Jun 15;155(12):1096-103 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hallberg O, Johansson O, (January 2002) Melanoma incidence and frequency modulation (FM) broadcasting, Arch Environ Health. 2002 Jan-Feb;57(1):32-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Michelozzi P et al, (November 2001) Leukemia mortality and incidence of infantile leukemia near the Vatican Radio Station of Rome, Epidemiol Prev. 2001 Nov-Dec;25(6):249-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lalic H et al, (April 2001) Comparison of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from people occupationally exposed to ionizing and radiofrequency radiation, Acta Med Okayama. 2001 Apr;55(2):117-27 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Stang A et al, (January 2001) The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma, Epidemiology. 2001 Jan;12(1):7-12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

40

P Richter E et al, (July 2000) Cancer in radar technicians exposed to radiofrequency/microwave radiation: sentinel episodes, Int J Occup Environ Health. 2000 Jul-Sep;6(3):187-93 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Reeves GI, (March 2000) Review of extensive workups of 34 patients overexposed to radiofrequency radiation, Aviat Space Environ Med. 2000 Mar;71(3):206-15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Moszczynski P et al, (1999) The effect of various occupational exposures to microwave radiation on the concentrations of immunoglobulins and T lymphocyte subsets, Wiad Lek. 1999;52(1-2):30-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dmoch A, Moszczynski P, (1998) Levels of immunoglobulin and subpopulations of T lymphocytes and NK cells in men occupationally exposed to microwave radiation in frequencies of 6-12 GHz, Med Pr. 1998;49(1):45-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Szmigielski S et al, (1998) Alteration of diurnal rhythms of blood pressure and heart rate to workers exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Blood Press Monit. 1998;3(6):323-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Duan L et al, (March 1998) Observations of changes in neurobehavioral functions in workers exposed to high-frequency radiation, Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1998 Mar;32(2):109-11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hjollund NH et al, (November 1997) Semen analysis of personnel operating military radar equipment, Reprod Toxicol. 1997 Nov-Dec;11(6):897 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lagorio S et al, (1997) Mortality of plastic-ware workers exposed to radiofrequencies, Bioelectromagnetics. 1997;18(6):418-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Schilling CJ, (April 1997) Effects of acute exposure to ultrahigh radiofrequency radiation on three antenna engineers, Occup Environ Med. 1997 Apr;54(4):281-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bortkiewicz A et al, (March 1997) Ambulatory ECG monitoring in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields, J Med Eng Technol. 1997 Mar-Apr;21(2):41-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Dolk H et al, (January 1997) Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. II. All high power transmitters, Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Jan 1;145(1):10-7. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dolk H et al, (January 1997) Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. I. Sutton Coldfield transmitter, Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Jan 1;145(1):1-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B et al, (December 1996) Cancer incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers, Med J Aust. 1996 Dec 2-16;165(11-12):601-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Weyandt TB et al, (November 1996) Semen analysis of military personnel associated with military duty assignments, Reprod Toxicol. 1996 Nov-Dec;10(6):521-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bortkiewicz A et al, (July 1996) Heart rate variability in workers exposed to medium-frequency electromagnetic fields, J Auton Nerv Syst. 1996 Jul 5;59(3):91-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grayson JK, (March 1996) Radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and brain tumor risk in the US Air Force: a nested case-control study, Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Mar 1;143(5):480-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tynes T et al, (March 1996) Incidence of breast cancer in Norwegian female radio and telegraph operators, Cancer Causes Control. 1996 Mar;7(2):197-204 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kolodynski AA, Kolodynska VV, (February 1996) Motor and psychological functions of school children living in the area of the Skrunda Radio Location Station in Latvia, Sci Total Environ. 1996 Feb 2;180(1):87-93 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Holly EA et al, (January 1996) Intraocular melanoma linked to occupations and chemical exposures, Epidemiology. 1996 Jan;7(1):55-61 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Guberan E et al, (October 1994) Gender ratio of offspring and exposure to shortwave radiation among female physiotherapists, Scand J Work Environ Health. 1994 Oct;20(5):345-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

41

P Maskarinec G et al, (1994) Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukemia near radio towers in Hawaii: preliminary observations, J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1994;13(1):33-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Goldoni J et al, (September 1993) Health status of personnel occupationally exposed to radiowaves, Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 1993 Sep;44(3):223-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Davis RL, Mostofi FK, (August 1993) Cluster of testicular cancer in police officers exposed to hand-held radar, Am J Ind Med. 1993 Aug;24(2):231-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Holt JA, (June 1980) Changing epidemiology of malignant melanoma in Queensland, Med J Aust. 1980 Jun 14;1(12):619-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

42

Powerlines and Substations, and other Powerfrequency EMF exposure (xPFx)

P Juutilainen J et al, (May 2018) Magnetocarcinogenesis: is there a mechanism for carcinogenic effects of weak magnetic fields?, Proc Biol Sci. 2018 May 30;285(1879). pii: 20180590. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0590 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Shepherd S et al, (May 2018) Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields impair the Cognitive and Motor Abilities of Honey Bees, Sci Rep. 2018 May 21;8(1):7932. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26185-y [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Halgamuge M, McLean L, (May 2018) Measurement and analysis of power-frequency magnetic fields in residences:, Measurement Volume 125, September 2018, Pages 415-424 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Huss A et al, (February 2018) Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of ALS: A systematic review and meta-analysis., Bioelectromagnetics. 2018 Feb;39(2):156-163. doi: 10.1002/bem.22104. Epub 2018 Jan 19. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li DK et al, (December 2017) Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study., Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 13;7(1):17541. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16623-8. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vanderstraeten J et al, (July 2015) Could Magnetic Fields Affect the Circadian Clock Function of Cryptochromes? Testing the Basic Premise of the Cryptochrome Hypothesis (ELF Magnetic Fields), Health Phys. 2015 Jul;109(1):84-9. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000292 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Koeman T et al, (June 2015) Occupational exposures and risk of dementia-related mortality in the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study, Am J Ind Med. 2015 Jun;58(6):625-35. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22462. Epub 2015 May 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kottou S et al, (May 2015) Preliminary background indoor EMF measurements in Greece, Phys Med. 2015 May 21. pii: S1120-1797(15)00112-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.05.002. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Talibov M et al, (May 2015) Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and electrical shocks and acute myeloid leukemia in four Nordic countries, Cancer Causes Control. 2015 May 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Prato FS, (May 2015) Non-thermal extremely low frequency magnetic field effects on opioid related behaviors: Snails to humans, mechanisms to therapy, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 May 11. doi: 10.1002/bem.21918. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hosseini M et al, (May 2015) Hazard zoning around electric substations of petrochemical industries by stimulation of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields, Environ Monit Assess. 2015 May;187(5):4449. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4449-y. Epub 2015 Apr 16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tell RA et al, (May 2015) Electromagnetic Fields Associated with Commercial Solar Photovoltaic Electric Power Generating Facilities, J Occup Environ Hyg. 2015 May 29:0. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nofouzi K et al, (April 2015) Influence of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on growth performance, innate immune response, biochemical parameters and disease resistance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Fish Physiol Biochem. 2015 Apr 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Porsius JT et al, (April 2015) Symptom reporting after the introduction of a new high-voltage power line: A prospective field study, Environ Res. 2015 Apr;138:112-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Feb 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Brouwer M et al, (February 2015) Occupational exposures and Parkinson's disease mortality in a prospective Dutch cohort, Occup Environ Med. 2015 Feb 23. pii: oemed-2014-102209. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102209. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bolte JF et al, (January 2015) Everyday exposure to power frequency magnetic fields and associations with non-specific physical symptoms, Environ Pollut. 2015 Jan;196:224-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Angelo C et al, (January 2015) Experimental model for ELF-EMF exposure: Concern for human health, Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Jan;22(1):75-84. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.07.006. Epub 2014 Aug 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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- Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al, (January 2015) Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Jan;36(1):77-85. doi: 10.1002/bem.21887. Epub 2014 Nov 24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baek S et al, (October 2014) Electromagnetic Fields Mediate Efficient Cell Reprogramming into a Pluripotent State, ACS Nano. 2014 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Liorni I et al, (September 2014) Dosimetric study of fetal exposure to uniform magnetic fields at 50 Hz, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 29. doi: 10.1002/bem.21878. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Calvente I et al, (September 2014) Characterization of Indoor Extremely Low Frequency and Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the INMA-Granada Cohort, PLoS One. 2014 Sep 5;9(9):e106666. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106666. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lee SK et al, (September 2014) Extremely low frequency magnetic fields induce spermatogenic germ cell apoptosis: possible mechanism, Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:567183. doi: 10.1155/2014/567183. Epub 2014 Jun 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Sorahan T, Mohammed N, (September 2014) Neurodegenerative disease and magnetic field exposure in UK electricity supply workers, Occup Med (Lond). 2014 Sep;64(6):454-60. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqu105. Epub 2014 Aug 7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Turner MC et al, (September 2014) Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and brain tumor risks in the INTEROCC study, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Sep;23(9):1863-72. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0102. Epub 2014 Jun 16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhao G et al, (September 2014) Relationship between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis, Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2014;35(3):264-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P de Vocht F, Lee B, (August 2014) Residential proximity to electromagnetic field sources and birth weight: Minimizing residual confounding using multiple imputation and propensity score matching, Environ Int. 2014 Aug;69:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.012. Epub 2014 May 7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N van der Mark M et al, (June 2014) Extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure, electrical shocks and risk of Parkinson's disease, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014 Jun 18. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Monazzam MR et al, (April 2014) Sleep quality and general health status of employees exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields in a petrochemical complex, J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2014 Apr 29;12:78. doi: 10.1186/2052-336X-12-78. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Consales C et al, (September 2012) Electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, Int J Cell Biol. 2012;2012:683897. Epub 2012 Sep 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kirschenlohr H et al, (September 2012) Gene expression profiles in white blood cells of volunteers exposed to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field, Radiat Res. 2012 Sep;178(3):138-49. Epub 2012 Aug 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Mattsson MO, Simko M, (June 2012) Is there a relation between extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases? A review of in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence., Toxicology. 2012 Jun 29. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balamuralikrishnan B et al, (2012) Evaluation of Chromosomal Alteration in Electrical Workers Occupationally Exposed to Low Frequency of Electro Magnetic Field (EMFs) in Coimbatore Population, India, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(6):2961-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Teepen JC, van Dijck JA, (March 2012) Impact of high electromagnetic field levels on childhood leukaemia incidence, Int J Cancer. 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27542. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bellieni CV et al, (March 2012) Is newborn melatonin production influenced by magnetic fields produced by incubators?, Early Hum Dev. 2012 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhao LY et al, (March 2012) Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation on cardiovascular system of workers, Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;30(3):194-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Narinyan L et al, (January 2012) Age-dependent magnetosensitivity of heart muscle hydration, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jan 17. doi: 10.1002/bem.21704. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Touitou Y et al, (January 2012) Long-term (up to 20years) effects of 50-Hz magnetic field exposure on blood chemistry parameters in healthy men, Clin Biochem. 2012 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lagroye I et al, (December 2011) ELF magnetic fields: Animal studies, mechanisms of action, Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2011 Dec;107(3):369-73. Epub 2011 Sep 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pilla A et al, (December 2011) Electromagnetic fields as first messenger in biological signaling: Application to calmodulin-dependent signaling in tissue repair, Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Dec;1810(12):1236-45. Epub 2011 Oct 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Schuz J, (December 2011) Exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood cancer: Update of the epidemiological evidence, Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2011 Dec;107(3):339-42. Epub 2011 Sep 19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Reid A et al, (October 2011) Risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia following parental occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Br J Cancer. 2011 Oct 25;105(9):1409-13. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2011.365. Epub 2011 Sep 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gandhi OP et al, (October 2011) Exposure Limits: The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Roosli M et al, (August 2011) Extremely low frequency magnetic field measurements in buildings with transformer stations in Switzerland, Sci Total Environ. 2011 Aug 15;409(18):3364-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Wunsch-Filho V et al, (August 2011) Exposure to magnetic fields and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Cancer Epidemiol. 2011 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J, Dechant E, (August 2011) Trends in residential exposure to electromagnetic fields from 2006 to 2009, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li DK et al, (August 2011) Maternal Exposure to Magnetic Fields During Pregnancy in Relation to the Risk of Asthma in Offspring, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011 Aug 1. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang X et al, (August 2011) Occupational and residential exposure to electric and magnetic field and its relationship on acute myeloid leukemia in adults - A Meta-analysis, Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Aug;32(8):821-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Auger N et al, (July 2011) Stillbirth and residential proximity to extremely low frequency power transmission lines: a retrospective cohort study, Occup Environ Med. 2011 Jul 8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Cam ST et al, (June 2011) Occupational exposure to magnetic fields from transformer stations and electric enclosures in Turkey, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Jun;30(2):74-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huang SM et al, (April 2011) Occupational Exposure of Dentists to Extremely-low-frequency Magnetic Field, J Occup Health. 2011 Apr 20;53(2):130-6. Epub 2011 Feb 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gobba F et al, (April 2011) Occupational and environmental exposure to extremely low frequency-magnetic fields: a personal monitoring study in a large group of workers in Italy, J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2011 Apr 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Blank M, Goodman R, (April 2011) DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):409-15. Epub 2011 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vulevic B, Osmokrovic P, (January 2011) Survey of elf magnetic field levels in households near overhead power lines in serbia, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Contessa GM et al, (December 2010) Exposure to magnetic fields of railway engine drivers: a case study in Italy, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Dec;142(2-4):160-7. Epub 2010 Nov 11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Coskun O, Comlekci S, (November 2010) Effect of ELF electric field on some on biochemistry characters in the rat serum, Toxicol Ind Health. 2010 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baldi I et al, (November 2010) Occupational and residential exposure to electromagnetic fields and risk of brain tumors in adults: A case-control study in Gironde, France, Int J Cancer. 2010 Nov 12. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Maslanyj M et al, (November 2010) A precautionary public health protection strategy for the possible risk of childhood leukaemia from exposure to power frequency magnetic fields, BMC Public Health. 2010 Nov 5;10:673 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Andel R et al, (November 2010) Work-related exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and dementia: results from the population-based study of dementia in Swedish twins, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010 Nov;65(11):1220-7. Epub 2010 Jul 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Andel R et al, (November 2010) Work-related exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and dementia: results from the population-based study of dementia in Swedish twins, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010 Nov;65(11):1220-7. Epub 2010 Jul 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Damvik M, Johansson O, (November 2010) Health risk assessment of electromagnetic fields: a conflict between the precautionary principle and environmental medicine methodology, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Oct-Dec;25(4):325-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Dubey RB et al, (November 2010) Risk of brain tumors from wireless phone use, J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2010 Nov-Dec;34(6):799-807 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kheifets L et al, (October 2010) A pooled analysis of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors, Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Oct 1;172(7):752-61. Epub 2010 Aug 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kheifets L et al, (October 2010) Risk governance for mobile phones, power lines, and other EMF technologies, Risk Anal. 2010 Oct;30(10):1481-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kheifets L et al, (September 2010) Pooled analysis of recent studies on magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia, Br J Cancer. 2010 Sep 28;103(7):1128-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kroll ME et al, (September 2010) Childhood cancer and magnetic fields from high-voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study, Br J Cancer. 2010 Sep 28;103(7):1122-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Schmiedel S, Blettner M, (September 2010) The association between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and childhood leukaemia in epidemiology: enough is enough?, Br J Cancer. 2010 Sep 28;103(7):931-2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P El-Helaly M, Abu-Hashem E, (September 2010) Oxidative stress, melatonin level, and sleep insufficiency among electronic equipment repairers, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 May;32(4):325-30. doi: 10.1002/bem.20638. Epub 2010 Dec 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rajkovic V et al, (August 2010) Studies on the synergistic effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the endocrine-disrupting compound atrazine on the thyroid gland, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Aug 10. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Mild KH, Mattsson MO, (August 2010) ELF noise fields: a review, Electromagn Biol Med. 2010 Aug;29(3):72-97 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Calvente I et al, (July 2010) Exposure to electromagnetic fields (non-ionizing radiation) and its relationship with childhood leukemia: a systematic review, Sci Total Environ. 2010 Jul 15;408(16):3062-9. Epub 2010 May 7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Auger N et al, (July 2010) The relationship between residential proximity to extremely low frequency power transmission lines and adverse birth outcomes, J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010 Jul 13. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kheifets L et al, (July 2010) Exploring exposure-response for magnetic fields and childhood leukemia, J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Jul 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P de Bruyn L, de Jager L, (June 2010) Effect of long-term exposure to a randomly varied 50 Hz power frequency magnetic field on the fertility of the mouse, Electromagn Biol Med. 2010 Jun;29(1-2):52-61 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

46

P Miller AB, Green LM, (2010) Electric and magnetic fields at power frequencies, Chronic Dis Can. 2010;29 Suppl 1:69-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Okudan N et al, (2010) Effects of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on the micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocyte and blood lymphocyte frequency and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in lymphocytes of mice, Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010;31(2):208-14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sohrabi MR et al, (2010) Living near overhead high voltage transmission power lines as a risk factor for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2010;11(2):423-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Barth A et al, (April 2010) Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure on cognitive functions: results of a meta-analysis, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):173-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Girgert R et al, (April 2010) Signal transduction of the melatonin receptor MT1 is disrupted in breast cancer cells by electromagnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):237-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tomitsch J et al, (April 2010) Survey of electromagnetic field exposure in bedrooms of residences in lower Austria, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):200-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Malagoli C et al, (March 2010) Risk of hematological malignancies associated with magnetic fields exposure from power lines: a case-control study in two municipalities of northern Italy, Environ Health. 2010 Mar 30;9:16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reyes-Guerrero G et al, (March 2010) Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields differentially regulate estrogen receptor-alpha and -beta expression in the rat olfactory bulb, Neurosci Lett. 2010 Mar 3;471(2):109-13. Epub 2010 Jan 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Chen C et al, (February 2010) Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields exposure and female breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 24,338 cases and 60,628 controls, Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Feb 10. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO et al, (January 2010) Electromagnetic fields and cancer: the cost of doing nothing, Rev Environ Health. 2010 Jan-Mar;25(1):75-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Focke F et al, (January 2010) DNA fragmentation in human fibroblasts under extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure, Mutat Res. 2010 Jan 5;683(1-2):74-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li DK et al, (January 2010) Exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of poor sperm quality, Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Jan;29(1):86-92. Epub 2009 Nov 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Celikler S et al, (December 2009) A biomonitoring study of genotoxic risk to workers of transformers and distribution line stations, Int J Environ Health Res. 2009 Dec;19(6):421-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hug K et al, (January 2010) Parental occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and childhood cancer: a German case-control study, Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Jan 1;171(1):27-35. Epub 2009 Nov 25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hirata A et al, (2010) Intercomparison of induced fields in Japanese male model for ELF magnetic field exposures: effect of different computational methods and codes, Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010;138(3):237-44. Epub 2009 Nov 22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Saito T et al, (2010) Power-frequency magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors: a case-control study in Japan, J Epidemiol. 2010;20(1):54-61. Epub 2009 Nov 14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kaufman DW et al, (November 2009) Risk factors for leukemia in Thailand, Ann Hematol. 2009 Nov;88(11):1079-88. Epub 2009 Mar 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cvetkovic D, Cosic I, (October 2009) Alterations of human electroencephalographic activity caused by multiple extremely low frequency magnetic field exposures, Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009 Oct;47(10):1063-73. Epub 2009 Aug 26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gobba F et al, (October 2009) Natural killer cell activity decreases in workers occupationally exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields exceeding 1 microT, Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct-Dec;22(4):1059-66 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

47

P Albanese A et al, (2009) Alterations in adenylate kinase activity in human PBMCs after in vitro exposure to electromagnetic field: comparison between extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF) and therapeutic application of a musically modulated electromagnetic fiel, J Biomed Biotechnol. 2009;2009:717941. Epub 2009 Sep 16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eleuteri AM et al, (2009) 50 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields enhance protein carbonyl groups content in cancer cells: effects on proteasomal systems, J Biomed Biotechnol. 2009;2009:834239. Epub 2009 Aug 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Robertson JA et al, (August 2009) Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field exposure can alter neuroprocessing in humans, J R Soc Interface. 2009 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Contalbrigo L et al, (August 2009) Effects of different electromagnetic fields on circadian rhythms of some haematochemical parameters in rats, Biomed Environ Sci. 2009 Aug;22(4):348-53 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Winker R et al, (August 2005) Chromosomal damage in human diploid fibroblasts by intermittent exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, Mutat Res. 2005 Aug 1;585(1-2):43-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Rajkovic V et al, (July 2005) Histological characteristics of cutaneous and thyroid mast cell populations in male rats exposed to power-frequency electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2005 Jul;81(7):491-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Draper G et al, (June 2005) Childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study, BMJ. 2005 Jun 4;330(7503):1290 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chiu RS, Stuchly MA, (June 2005) Electric fields in bone marrow substructures at power-line frequencies, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2005 Jun;52(6):1103-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Henshaw DL, Reiter RJ, (2005) Do magnetic fields cause increased risk of childhood leukemia via melatonin disruption?, Bioelectromagnetics. 2005;Suppl 7:S86-97 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sims S, Dent P, (2005) High-voltage Overhead Power Lines and Property Values: A Residential Study in the UK, Urban Studies, Vol. 42, No. 4, 665-694 (2005) [View Author's abstract conclusions]

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P Miyakoshi J, (February 2005) Effects of static magnetic fields at the cellular level, Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2005 Feb-Apr;87(2-3):213-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Kliukiene J et al, (May 2004) Residential and occupational exposures to 50-Hz magnetic fields and breast cancer in women: a population-based study, Am J Epidemiol. 2004 May 1;159(9):852-61 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, Singh NP, (May 2004) Magnetic-field-induced DNA strand breaks in brain cells of the rat, Environ Health Perspect. 2004 May;112(6):687-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lee BC et al, (January 2004) Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on the antioxidant defense system in mouse brain: a chemiluminescence study, J Photochem Photobiol B. 2004 Jan 23;73(1-2):43-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fedrowitz M et al, (January 2004) Significant differences in the effects of magnetic field exposure on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in two substrains of Sprague-Dawley rats, Cancer Res. 2004 Jan 1;64(1):243-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Johansen C, (2004) Electromagnetic fields and health effects--epidemiologic studies of cancer, diseases of the central nervous system and arrhythmia-related heart disease, Scand J Work Environ Health. 2004;30 Suppl 1:1-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Feychting M et al, (July 2003) Occupational magnetic field exposure and neurodegenerative disease, Epidemiology. 2003 Jul;14(4):413-9; discussion 427-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hakansson N et al, (July 2003) Neurodegenerative diseases in welders and other workers exposed to high levels of magnetic fields, Epidemiology. 2003 Jul;14(4):420-6; discussion 427-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Infante-Rivard C, Deadman JE, (July 2003) Maternal occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields during pregnancy and childhood leukemia, Epidemiology. 2003 Jul;14(4):437-41 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Ivancsits S et al, (July 2003) Age-related effects on induction of DNA strand breaks by intermittent exposure to electromagnetic fields, Mech Ageing Dev. 2003 Jul;124(7):847-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cho YH, Chung HW, (June 2003) The effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on the frequency of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes induced by benzo(a)pyrene, Toxicol Lett. 2003 Jun 5;143(1):37-44 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lewy H et al, (June 2003) Magnetic field (50 Hz) increases N-acetyltransferase, hydroxy-indole-O-methyltransferase activity and melatonin release through an indirect pathway, Int J Radiat Biol. 2003 Jun;79(6):431-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Touitou Y et al, (June 2003) Magnetic fields and the melatonin hypothesis: a study of workers chronically exposed to 50-Hz magnetic fields, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003 Jun;284(6):R1529-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Charles LE et al, (April 2003) Electromagnetic fields, polychlorinated biphenyls, and prostate cancer mortality in electric utility workers, Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Apr 15;157(8):683-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P van Wijngaarden E, (January 2003) An exploratory investigation of suicide and occupational exposure, J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Jan;45(1):96-101 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kaune WT, (December 2002) Thermal noise limit on the sensitivity of cellular membranes to power frequency electric and magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 2002 Dec;23(8):622-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Kavet R, Zaffanella LE, (September 2002) Contact voltage measured in residences: implications to the association between magnetic fields and childhood leukemia, Bioelectromagnetics. 2002 Sep;23(6):464-74 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ivancsits S et al, (August 2002) Induction of DNA strand breaks by intermittent exposure to extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields in human diploid fibroblasts, Mutat Res. 2002 Aug 26;519(1-2):1-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Henshaw DL, (July 2002) Does our electricity distribution system pose a serious risk to public health?, Med Hypotheses. 2002 Jul;59(1):39-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P California EMF Program, (June 2002) An Evaluation of the Possible Risks From Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMFs) From Power Lines, Internal Wiring, Electrical Occupations and Appliances, [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Fedrowitz M et al, (March 2002) Magnetic field exposure increases cell proliferation but does not affect melatonin levels in the mammary gland of female Sprague Dawley rats, Cancer Res. 2002 Mar 1;62(5):1356-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Villeneuve PJ et al, (February 2002) Brain cancer and occupational exposure to magnetic fields among men: results from a Canadian population-based case-control study, Int J Epidemiol. 2002 Feb;31(1):210-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lee GM et al, (January 2002) A nested case-control study of residential and personal magnetic field measures and miscarriages, Epidemiology. 2002 Jan;13(1):21-31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li DK et al, (January 2002) A population-based prospective cohort study of personal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage, Epidemiology. 2002 Jan;13(1):9-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Davis S et al, (October 2001) Residential magnetic fields, light-at-night, and nocturnal urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin concentration in women, Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Oct 1;154(7):591-600 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Levallois P et al, (October 2001) Effects of electric and magnetic fields from high-power lines on female urinary excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Oct 1;154(7):601-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Simko M et al, (August 2001) Micronucleus induction in Syrian hamster embryo cells following exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields, benzo(a)pyrene, and TPA in vitro, Mutat Res. 2001 Aug 22;495(1-2):43-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Beale IL et al, (August 2001) Association Of Health Problems With 50 -Hz Magnetic Fields In Human Adults Living Near Power Transmission Lines, Journal of the Australasian College of Nutritional & Environmental Mediciine, 20(2) August 2001 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Cano MI, Pollan M, (August 2001) Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and occupation in Sweden, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2001 Aug;74(6):443-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ishido M et al, (July 2001) Magnetic fields (MF) of 50 Hz at 1.2 microT as well as 100 microT cause uncoupling of inhibitory pathways of adenylyl cyclase mediated by melatonin 1a receptor in MF-sensitive MCF-7 cells, Carcinogenesis. 2001 Jul;22(7):1043-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P van Wijngaarden E et al, (July 2001) Population-based case-control study of occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer, Ann Epidemiol. 2001 Jul;11(5):297-303 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ahlbom A, (2001) Neurodegenerative diseases, suicide and depressive symptoms in relation to EMF, Bioelectromagnetics. 2001;Suppl 5:S132-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Li X et al, (June 2001) Effects of low frequency pulsed electric field on insulin studied by fluorescent spectrum, Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi. 2001 Jun;21(3):406-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wartenberg D, (2001) Residential EMF exposure and childhood leukemia: meta-analysis and population attributable risk, Bioelectromagnetics. 2001;Suppl 5:S86-104 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Milham S, Ossiander EM, (March 2001) Historical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood leukemia peak, Med Hypotheses. 2001 Mar;56(3):290-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Pollan M et al, (March 2001) Breast cancer, occupation, and exposure to electromagnetic fields among Swedish men, Am J Ind Med. 2001 Mar;39(3):276-85 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Schuz J et al, (March 2001) Residential magnetic fields as a risk factor for childhood acute leukaemia: results from a German population-based case-control study, Int J Cancer. 2001 Mar 1;91(5):728-35 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blackman CF et al, (February 2001) The influence of 1.2 microT, 60 Hz magnetic fields on melatonin- and tamoxifen-induced inhibition of MCF-7 cell growth, Bioelectromagnetics. 2001 Feb;22(2):122-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hansen J, (January 2001) Increased breast cancer risk among women who work predominantly at night, Epidemiology. 2001 Jan;12(1):74-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cecconi S et al, (November 2000) Evaluation of the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on mammalian follicle development, Hum Reprod. 2000 Nov;15(11):2319-25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Ahlbom A et al, (September 2000) A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia, Br J Cancer. 2000 Sep;83(5):692-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Anderson LE et al, (September 2000) Effects of 50- or 60-hertz, 100 microT magnetic field exposure in the DMBA mammary cancer model in Sprague-Dawley rats: possible explanations for different results from two laboratories, Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Sep;108(9):797-802 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Johansen C, (September 2000) Exposure to electromagnetic fields and risk of central nervous system disease in utility workers, Epidemiology. 2000 Sep;11(5):539-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Boorman GA et al, (May 2000) Leukemia and lymphoma incidence in rodents exposed to low-frequency magnetic fields, Radiat Res. 2000 May;153(5 Pt 2):627-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Loberg LI et al, (May 2000) Expression of cancer-related genes in human cells exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields, Radiat Res. 2000 May;153(5 Pt 2):679-84 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P van Wijngaarden E et al, (April 2000) Exposure to electromagnetic fields and suicide among electric utility workers: a nested case-control study, Occup Environ Med. 2000 Apr;57(4):258-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hatch EE et al, (March 2000) Do confounding or selection factors of residential wiring codes and magnetic fields distort findings of electromagnetic fields studies?, Epidemiology. 2000 Mar;11(2):189-98 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Miyakoshi J et al, (February 2000) Suppression of heat-induced HSP-70 by simultaneous exposure to 50 mT magnetic field, Life Sci. 2000 Feb 18;66(13):1187-96 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Burch JB et al, (February 2000) Melatonin metabolite levels in workers exposed to 60-Hz magnetic fields: work in substations and with 3-phase conductors, J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Feb;42(2):136-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wei M et al, (February 2000) Exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields and proliferation of human astrocytoma cells in vitro, Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2000 Feb 1;162(3):166-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Forssen UM et al, (January 2000) Occupational and residential magnetic field exposure and breast cancer in females, Epidemiology. 2000 Jan;11(1):24-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N UKCCS, (December 1999) Exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood cancer. UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators, Lancet. 1999 Dec 4;354(9194):1925-31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fews AP et al, (December 1999) Increased exposure to pollutant aerosols under high voltage power lines, Int J Radiat Biol. 1999 Dec;75(12):1505-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fews AP et al, (December 1999) Corona ions from powerlines and increased exposure to pollutant aerosols, Int J Radiat Biol. 1999 Dec;75(12):1523-31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Irgens A et al, (December 1999) The effect of male occupational exposure in infertile couples in Norway, J Occup Environ Med. 1999 Dec;41(12):1116-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pipkin JL et al, (September 1999) Induction of stress proteins by electromagnetic fields in cultured HL-60 cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 1999 Sep;20(6):347-57 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Anderson LE et al, (August 1999) Effect of 13 week magnetic field exposures on DMBA-initiated mammary gland carcinomas in female Sprague-Dawley rats, Carcinogenesis. 1999 Aug;20(8):1615-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Loberg LI et al, (August 1999) Gene expression in human breast epithelial cells exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields, Carcinogenesis. 1999 Aug;20(8):1633-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Thun-Battersby S et al, (August 1999) Exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to a 50-Hertz, 100-microTesla magnetic field for 27 weeks facilitates mammary tumorigenesis in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene model of breast cancer, Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 1;59(15):3627-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Green LM et al, (July 1999) A case-control study of childhood leukemia in southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residences, Int J Cancer. 1999 Jul 19;82(2):161-70 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Burch JB et al, (July 1999) Reduced excretion of a melatonin metabolite in workers exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields, Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Jul 1;150(1):27-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Galvanovskis J et al, (1999) Cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations in human leukemia T-cells are reduced by 50 Hz magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 1999;20(5):269-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Graham C, Cook MR, (1999) Human sleep in 60 Hz magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 1999;20(5):277-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Boorman GA et al, (May 1999) Effect of 26 week magnetic field exposures in a DMBA initiation-promotion mammary gland model in Sprague-Dawley rats, Carcinogenesis. 1999 May;20(5):899-904 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N McBride ML et al, (May 1999) Power-frequency electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia in Canada, Am J Epidemiol. 1999 May 1;149(9):831-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Jahreis GP et al, (December 1998) Absence of 60-Hz, 0.1-mT magnetic field-induced changes in oncogene transcription rates or levels in CEM-CM3 cells, Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Dec 22;1443(3):334-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Johansen C, Olsen JH, (August 1998) Mortality from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, other chronic disorders, and electric shocks among utility workers, Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Aug 15;148(4):362-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Burch JB et al, (June 1998) Nocturnal excretion of a urinary melatonin metabolite among electric utility workers, Scand J Work Environ Health. 1998 Jun;24(3):183-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lagroye I, Poncy JL, (1998) Influences of 50-Hz magnetic fields and ionizing radiation on c-jun and c-fos oncoproteins, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(2):112-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H et al, (1998) Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(2):117-22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Moulder JE, (1998) Power-frequency fields and cancer, Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1998;26(1-2):1-116 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tuinstra R et al, (1998) Protein kinase C activity following exposure to magnetic field and phorbol ester, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(8):469-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zecca L et al, (1998) Biological effects of prolonged exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields in rats: III. 50 Hz electromagnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(1):57-66 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cohen B et al, (May 1998) Deposition of charged particles on lung airways, Health Phys 74(5):554-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Michaelis J et al, (January 1998) Combined risk estimates for two German population-based case-control studies on residential magnetic fields and childhood acute leukemia, Epidemiology. 1998 Jan;9(1):92-4. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Verkasalo PK et al, (December 1997) Magnetic fields of transmission lines and depression, Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Dec 15;146(12):1037-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eriksson N et al, (December 1997) The psychosocial work environment and skin symptoms among visual display terminal workers: a case referent study, Int J Epidemiol. 1997 Dec;26(6):1250-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Petridou E et al, (November 1997) Electrical power lines and childhood leukemia: a study from Greece, Int J Cancer. 1997 Nov 4;73(3):345-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Theriault G, Li CY, (September 1997) Risks of leukaemia among residents close to high voltage transmission electric lines, Occup Environ Med. 1997 Sep;54(9):625-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Linet MS et al, (July 1997) Residential exposure to magnetic fields and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, N Engl J Med. 1997 Jul 3;337(1):1-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Beale IL et al, (1997) Psychological effects of chronic exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields in humans living near extra-high-voltage transmission lines, Bioelectromagnetics. 1997;18(8):584-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Kelsh MA, Sahl JD, (May 1997) Mortality among a cohort of electric utility workers, 1960-1991, Am J Ind Med. 1997 May;31(5):534-44 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Michaelis J et al, (March 1997) Childhood leukemia and electromagnetic fields: results of a population-based case-control study in Germany, Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Mar;8(2):167-74 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Tynes T, Haldorsen T, (February 1997) Electromagnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Norwegian high-voltage power lines, Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Feb 1;145(3):219-26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li CY et al, (January 1997) Residential exposure to 60-Hertz magnetic fields and adult cancers in Taiwan, Epidemiology. 1997 Jan;8(1):25-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Dees C et al, (October 1996) Effects of 60-Hz fields, estradiol and xenoestrogens on human breast cancer cells, Radiat Res. 1996 Oct;146(4):444-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, (1996) Spatial learning deficit in the rat after exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics. 1996;17(6):494-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Reipert BM et al, (1996) Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields has no effect on growth rate or clonogenic potential of multipotential haemopoietic progenitor cells, Growth Factors. 1996;13(3-4):205-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baris D et al, (January 1996) A case cohort study of suicide in relation to exposure to electric and magnetic fields among electrical utility workers, Occup Environ Med. 1996 Jan;53(1):17-24 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Lacy-Hulbert A et al, (October 1995) No effect of 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on MYC or beta-actin expression in human leukemic cells, Radiat Res. 1995 Oct;144(1):9-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Saffer JD, Thurston SJ, (October 1995) Short exposures to 60 Hz magnetic fields do not alter MYC expression in HL60 or Daudi cells, Radiat Res. 1995 Oct;144(1):18-25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Desjobert H et al, (1995) Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on C-myc transcript levels in nonsynchronized and synchronized human cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 1995;16(5):277-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wertheimer N et al, (1995) Childhood cancer in relation to indicators of magnetic fields from ground current sources, Bioelectromagnetics. 1995;16(2):86-96 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

58

P Reif JS et al, (February 1995) Residential exposure to magnetic fields and risk of canine lymphoma, Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Feb 15;141(4):352-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Feychting M, Ahlbom A, (September 1994) Magnetic fields, leukemia, and central nervous system tumors in Swedish adults residing near high-voltage power lines, Epidemiology. 1994 Sep;5(5):501-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gold S et al, (1994) Exposure of simian virus-40-transformed human cells to magnetic fields results in increased levels of T-antigen mRNA and protein, Bioelectromagnetics. 1994;15(4):329-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Goodman EM et al, (1994) Magnetic fields after translation in Escherichia coli, Bioelectromagnetics. 1994;15(1):77-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ubeda A et al, (1994) Chick embryo development can be irreversibly altered by early exposure to weak extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 1994;15(5):385-98 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Savitz DA et al, (February 1994) Prevalence of depression among electrical workers, Am J Ind Med. 1994 Feb;25(2):165-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N McMahan S et al, (January 1994) Depressive symptomatology in women and residential proximity to high-voltage transmission lines, Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jan 1;139(1):58-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Liburdy RP et al, (November 1993) Experimental evidence for 60 Hz magnetic fields operating through the signal transduction cascade. Effects on calcium influx and c-MYC mRNA induction, FEBS Lett. 1993 Nov 22;334(3):301-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Olsen JH et al, (October 1993) Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children, BMJ. 1993 Oct 9;307(6909):891-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Feychting M, Ahlbom A, (October 1993) Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines, Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Oct 1;138(7):467-81 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lindstrom E et al, (August 1993) Intracellular calcium oscillations induced in a T-cell line by a weak 50 Hz magnetic field, J Cell Physiol. 1993 Aug;156(2):395-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Loscher W et al, (July 1993) Tumor promotion in a breast cancer model by exposure to a weak alternating magnetic field, Cancer Lett. 1993 Jul 30;71(1-3):75-81 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N McCann J et al, (July 1993) A critical review of the genotoxic potential of electric and magnetic fields, Mutat Res. 1993 Jul;297(1):61-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Greene JJ et al, (May 1993) Gene-specific modulation of RNA synthesis and degradation by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 1993 May;39(3):261-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Murphy JC et al, (March 1993) International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. Power frequency electric and magnetic fields: a review of genetic toxicology, Mutat Res. 1993 Mar;296(3):221-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Poole C et al, (February 1993) Depressive symptoms and headaches in relation to proximity of residence to an alternating-current transmission line right-of-way, Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Feb 1;137(3):318-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Walleczek J, (October 1992) Electromagnetic field effects on cells of the immune system: the role of calcium signaling, FASEB J. 1992 Oct;6(13):3177-85 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Phillips JL et al, (September 1992) Magnetic field-induced changes in specific gene transcription, Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Sep 24;1132(2):140-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

59

P London SJ et al, (November 1991) Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia, Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 1;134(9):923-37 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Myers A et al, (December 1990) Childhood cancer and overhead powerlines: a case-control study, Br J Cancer. 1990 Dec;62(6):1008-14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Coleman MP et al, (November 1989) Leukaemia and residence near electricity transmission equipment: a case-control study, Br J Cancer. 1989 Nov;60(5):793-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Perry S et al, (May 1989) Power frequency magnetic field; depressive illness and myocardial infarction, Public Health. 1989 May;103(3):177-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Savitz DA et al, (July 1988) Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields, Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Jul;128(1):21-38 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wilson BW, (1988) Chronic exposure to ELF fields may induce depression, Bioelectromagnetics. 1988;9(2):195-205 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tomenius L, (1986) 50-Hz electromagnetic environment and the incidence of childhood tumors in Stockholm County, Bioelectromagnetics. 1986;7(2):191-207 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Wertheimer N, Leeper E, (March 1979) Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer, Am J Epidemiol. 1979 Mar;109(3):273-84 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reichmanis M et al, (1979) Relation between suicide and the electromagnetic field of overhead power lines, Physiol Chem Phys. 1979;11(5):395-403 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

60

Electrical Sensitivity (xESx)

N Eltiti S et al, (February 2015) Aggregated data from two double-blind base station provocation studies comparing individuals with idiopathic environmental intolerance with attribution to electromagnetic fields and controls, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Feb;36(2):96-107. doi: 10.1002/bem.21892. Epub 2015 Jan 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Carpenter DO, (November 2014) Excessive exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields may cause the development of electrohypersensitivity, Altern Ther Health Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;20(6):40-2 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lamech F, (November 2014) Self-reporting of symptom development from exposure to radiofrequency fields of wireless smart meters in victoria, australia: a case series, Altern Ther Health Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;20(6):28-39 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Redmayne M, Johansson O, (September 2014) Could myelin damage from radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure help explain the functional impairment electrohypersensitivity? A review of the evidence, J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2014;17(5):247-58. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2014.923356 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Augner C et al, (March 2012) Acute effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by GSM mobile phones on subjective well-being and physiological reactions: A meta-analysis, Sci Total Environ. 2012 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Frei P et al, (January 2012) Cohort study on the effects of everyday life radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure on non-specific symptoms and tinnitus, Environ Int. 2012 Jan;38(1):29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.08.002. Epub 2011 Sep 10 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Wallace D et al, (January 2012) Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jan;33(1):23-39. doi: 10.1002/bem.20681. Epub 2011 Jun 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P McCarty DE et al, (December 2011) Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome, Int J Neurosci. 2011 Dec;121(12):670-6. Epub 2011 Sep 5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rubin GJ et al, (December 2011) Do people with idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields display physiological effects when exposed to electromagnetic fields? A systematic review of provocation studies, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Dec;32(8):593-609. doi: 10.1002/bem.20690. Epub 2011 Jul 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Nijs J et al, (July 2011) In the mind or in the brain? Scientific evidence for central sensitisation in chronic fatigue syndrome, Eur J Clin Invest. 2011 Jul 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02575.x. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Roosli M, Hug K, (May 2011) Wireless communication fields and non-specific symptoms of ill health: a literature review, Wien Med Wochenschr. 2011 May;161(9-10):240-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Nishimura T et al, (March 2011) A 1-uT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field vs. sham control for mild-to-moderate hypertension: a double-blind, randomized study, Hypertens Res. 2011 Mar;34(3):372-7. Epub 2011 Jan 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lowden A et al, (January 2011) Sleep after mobile phone exposure in subjects with mobile phone-related symptoms, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Jan;32(1):4-14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grigoriev YG et al, (December 2010) Confirmation studies of Soviet research on immunological effects of microwaves: Russian immunology results, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Dec;31(8):589-602. doi: 10.1002/bem.20605. Epub 2010 Sep 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

61

N Kowalczuk C et al, (October 2010) Absence of nonlinear responses in cells and tissues exposed to RF energy at mobile phone frequencies using a doubly resonant cavity, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Oct;31(7):556-65 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Nieto-Hernandez R et al, (September 2010) Can exposure to a terrestrial trunked radio (TETRA)-like signal cause symptoms? A randomised double-blind provocation study, Occup Environ Med. 2010 Sep 23. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Mohler E et al, (September 2010) Effects of everyday radiofrequency electromagnetic-field exposure on sleep quality: a cross-sectional study, Radiat Res. 2010 Sep;174(3):347-56 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Wallace D et al, (January 2010) Do TETRA (Airwave) Base Station Signals Have a Short-Term Impact on Health and Well-Being? A Randomized Double-Blind Provocation Study, Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Jan 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Rubin GJ et al, (January 2010) Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (formerly 'electromagnetic hypersensitivity'): An updated systematic review of provocation studies, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Jan;31(1):1-11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Eltiti S et al, (May 2009) Short-term exposure to mobile phone base station signals does not affect cognitive functioning or physiological measures in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and controls, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 May 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Berg-Beckhoff G et al, (February 2009) Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: phase 2 of a cross-sectional study with measured radio frequency electromagnetic fields, Occup Environ Med. 2009 Feb;66(2):124-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blettner M et al, (November 2008) Mobile phone base stations and adverse health effects: Phase 1: A population-based cross-sectional study in Germany, Occup Environ Med. 2008 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Wiholm C et al, (September 2008) Mobile phone exposure and spatial memory, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Furubayashi T et al, (September 2008) Effects of short-term W-CDMA mobile phone base station exposure on women with or without mobile phone related symptoms, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Sep 8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Landgrebe M et al, (July 2008) Neuronal correlates of symptom formation in functional somatic syndromes: a fMRI study, Neuroimage. 2008 Jul 15;41(4):1336-44 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kim DW et al, (2008) Physiological effects of RF exposure on hypersensitive people by a cell phone, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2008;2008:2322-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Cinel C et al, (March 2008) Exposure to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Fields and Subjective Symptoms: A Double-Blind Study, Psychosom Med. 2008 Mar 31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Landgrebe M et al, (March 2008) Cognitive and neurobiological alterations in electromagnetic hypersensitive patients: results of a case-control study, Psychol Med. 2008 Mar 26;:1-11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Roosli M, (March 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure and non-specific symptoms of ill health: A systematic review, Environ Res. 2008 Mar 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kwon MS et al, (November 2007) Perception of the electromagnetic field emitted by a mobile phone, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 Nov 20;29(2):154-159 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Eltiti S et al, (November 2007) Does short-term exposure to mobile phone base station signals increase symptoms in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields? A double-blind randomized provocation study., Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Nov;115(11):1603-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lin JC, Wang Z, (June 2007) Hearing of microwave pulses by humans and animals: effects, mechanism, and thresholds, Health Phys. 2007 Jun;92(6):621-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Mortazavi SM et al, (May 2007) Prevalence of subjective poor health symptoms associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields among university students, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 May;28(4):326-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Oftedal G et al, (May 2007) Mobile phone headache: a double blind, sham-controlled provocation study, Cephalalgia. 2007 May;27(5):447-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Abdel-Rassoul G et al, (March 2007) Neurobehavioral effects among inhabitants around mobile phone base stations, Neurotoxicology. 2007 Mar;28(2):434-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Landgrebe M et al, (March 2007) Altered cortical excitability in subjectively electrosensitive patients: results of a pilot study, J Psychosom Res. 2007 Mar;62(3):283-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Eltiti S et al, (February 2007) Development and evaluation of the electromagnetic hypersensitivity questionnaire, Bioelectromagnetics. 2007 Feb;28(2):137-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Johansson O, (2006) Electrohypersensitivity: state-of-the-art of a functional impairment, Electromagn Biol Med. 2006;25(4):245-58 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Persinger MA, (2006) A potential multiple resonance mechanism by which weak magnetic fields affect molecules and medical problems: the example of melatonin and experimental "multiple sclerosis", Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(4):811-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hutter HP et al, (May 2006) Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations, Occup Environ Med. 2006 May;63(5):307-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rubin GJ et al, (April 2006) Are some people sensitive to mobile phone signals? Within participants double blind randomised provocation study, BMJ. 2006 Apr 15;332(7546):886-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Papageorgiou CC et al, (April 2006) Acute mobile phone effects on pre-attentive operation, Neurosci Lett. 2006 Apr 10-17;397(1-2):99-103 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Wilen J et al, (April 2006) Psychophysiological tests and provocation of subjects with mobile phone related symptoms, Bioelectromagnetics 2006 Apr;27(3):204-14 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Seitz H et al, (October 2005) Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) and subjective health complaints associated with electromagnetic fields of mobile phone communication--a literature review published between 2000 and 2004, Sci Total Environ. 2005 Oct 15;349(1-3):45-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Rajkovic V et al, (July 2005) Histological characteristics of cutaneous and thyroid mast cell populations in male rats exposed to power-frequency electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2005 Jul;81(7):491-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Meo SA, Al-Drees AM, (2005) Mobile phone related-hazards and subjective hearing and vision symptoms in the Saudi population, Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2005;18(1):53-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Leitgeb N et al, (May 2005) Does "electromagnetic pollution" cause illness? An inquiry among Austrian general practitioners, Wien Med Wochenschr. 2005 May;155(9-10):237-41 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Rubin GJ et al, (March 2005) Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: a systematic review of provocation studies, Psychosom Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;67(2):224-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bortkiewicz A et al, (2004) Subjective symptoms reported by people living in the vicinity of cellular phone base stations: review, Med Pr. 2004;55(4):345-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oberfeld G et al, (October 2004) The Microwave Syndrome - Further Aspects of a Spanish Study, Conference Proceedings [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Al-Khlaiwi T, Meo SA, (June 2004) Association of mobile phone radiation with fatigue, headache, dizziness, tension and sleep disturbance in Saudi population, Saudi Med J. 2004 Jun;25(6):732-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Westerman R, Hocking B, (May 2004) Diseases of modern living: neurological changes associated with mobile phones and radiofrequency radiation in humans, Neurosci Lett. 2004 May 6;361(1-3):13-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Navarro EA et al, (December 2003) The Microwave Syndrome: A Preliminary Study in Spain, Electromagn Biol Med 22(2-3): 161-169 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

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P Santini R et al, (September 2003) Symptoms experienced by people in vicinity of base stations: II/ Incidences of age, duration of exposure, location of subjects in relation to the antennas and other electromagnetic factors, Pathol Biol (Paris). 2003 Sep;51(7):412-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Westerman R, (October 2002) Neurological changes induced by a mobile phone, Occup Med (Lond). 2002 Oct;52(7):413-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Stenberg B et al, (October 2002) Medical and social prognosis for patients with perceived hypersensitivity to electricity and skin symptoms related to the use of visual display terminals, Scand J Work Environ Health. 2002 Oct;28(5):349-57 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Levallois P et al, (August 2002) Study of self-reported hypersensitivity to electromagnetic fields in California, Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Aug;110 Suppl 4:619-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Santini R et al, (July 2002) Investigation on the health of people living near mobile telephone relay stations: I/Incidence according to distance and sex, Pathol Biol (Paris) 2002 Jul;50(6):369-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Edelstyn N, Oldershaw A, (January 2002) The acute effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phones on human attention, Neuroreport. 2002 Jan 21;13(1):119-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Johansson O et al, (November 2001) Cutaneous mast cells are altered in normal healthy volunteers sitting in front of ordinary TVs/PCs--results from open-field provocation experiments, J Cutan Pathol. 2001 Nov;28(10):513-9. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lyskov E et al, (November 2001) Int J Psychophysiol. 2001 Nov;42(3):233-41, Int J Psychophysiol. 2001 Nov;42(3):233-41 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lyskov E et al, (October 2001) Provocation study of persons with perceived electrical hypersensitivity and controls using magnetic field exposure and recording of electrophysiological characteristics, Bioelectromagnetics. 2001 Oct;22(7):457-62 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hillert L et al, (March 2001) Environmental illness: fatigue and cholinesterase activity in patients reporting hypersensitivity to electricity, Environ Res. 2001 Mar;85(3):200-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oftedal G et al, (May 2000) Symptoms experienced in connection with mobile phone use, Occup Med (Lond). 2000 May;50(4):237-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gangi S, Johansson O, (April 2000) A theoretical model based upon mast cells and histamine to explain the recently proclaimed sensitivity to electric and/or magnetic fields in humans, Med Hypotheses. 2000 Apr;54(4):663-71 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Freude G et al, (January 2000) Microwaves emitted by cellular telephones affect human slow brain potentials, Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Jan;81(1-2):18-27 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Hillert L et al, (November 1999) Hypersensitivity to electricity: working definition and additional characterization of the syndrome, J Psychosom Res. 1999 Nov;47(5):429-38 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Bergdahl J et al, (October 1998) Odontologic survey of referred patients with symptoms allegedly caused by electricity or visual display units, Acta Odontol Scand. 1998 Oct;56(5):303-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Haugsdal B et al, (1998) Comparison of symptoms experienced by users of analogue and digital mobile phones: a Swedish-Norwegian epidemiological study, Arbetslivsrapport 23: 1998 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Eriksson N et al, (December 1997) The psychosocial work environment and skin symptoms among visual display terminal workers: a case referent study, Int J Epidemiol. 1997 Dec;26(6):1250-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gangi S, Johansson O, (December 1997) Skin changes in "screen dermatitis" versus classical UV- and ionizing irradiation-related damage--similarities and differences, Exp Dermatol. 1997 Dec;6(6):283-91 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sandstrom M et al, (January 1997) Neurophysiological effects of flickering light in patients with perceived electrical hypersensitivity, J Occup Environ Med. 1997 Jan;39(1):15-22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Forman SA et al, (October 1995) Psychological symptoms and intermittent hypertension following acute microwave exposure, J Occup Med. 1982 Nov;24(11):932-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Johansson O et al, (October 1994) Skin changes in patients claiming to suffer from "screen dermatitis": a two-case open-field provocation study, Exp Dermatol. 1994 Oct;3(5):234-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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65

EEG and Brain Responses (xEGx)

P Schmid MR et al, (June 2012) Sleep EEG alterations: effects of pulsed magnetic fields versus pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields, J Sleep Res. 2012 Jun 22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01025.x. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Loughran SP et al, (August 2011) Individual differences in the effects of mobile phone exposure on human sleep: Rethinking the problem, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Aug 3. doi: 10.1002/bem.20691. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Vorobyov V et al, (May 2010) Repeated exposure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwaves affects cortex-hypothalamus interplay in freely moving rats: EEG study, Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 May;86(5):376-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Barth A et al, (April 2010) Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure on cognitive functions: results of a meta-analysis, Bioelectromagnetics. 2010 Apr;31(3):173-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fragopoulou AF et al, (June 2010) Whole body exposure with GSM 900MHz affects spatial memory in mice, Pathophysiology. 2010 Jun;17(3):179-187. Epub 2009 Dec 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cvetkovic D, Cosic I, (October 2009) Alterations of human electroencephalographic activity caused by multiple extremely low frequency magnetic field exposures, Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009 Oct;47(10):1063-73. Epub 2009 Aug 26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Robertson JA et al, (August 2009) Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field exposure can alter neuroprocessing in humans, J R Soc Interface. 2009 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Abramson MJ et al, (July 2009) Mobile telephone use is associated with changes in cognitive function in young adolescents, Bioelectromagnetics. 2009 Jul 30. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lopez-Martin E et al, (May 2009) The action of pulse-modulated GSM radiation increases regional changes in brain activity and c-Fos expression in cortical and subcortical areas in a rat model of picrotoxin-induced seizure proneness, J Neurosci Res. 2009 May 1;87(6):1484-99 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- McNamee DA et al, (February 2009) A literature review: the cardiovascular effects of exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2009 Feb 17. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Luria R et al, (November 2008) Cognitive effects of radiation emitted by cellular phones: The influence of exposure side and time, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Nov 17;30(3):198-204. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wiholm C et al, (September 2008) Mobile phone exposure and spatial memory, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Andrzejak R et al, (August 2008) The influence of the call with a mobile phone on heart rate variability parameters in healthy volunteers, Ind Health. 2008 Aug;46(4):409-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cook CM et al, (July 2008) Changes in human EEG alpha activity following exposure to two different pulsed magnetic field sequences, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Jul 28 [Epub] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Perentos N et al, (2008) The effect of GSM-like ELF radiation on the alpha band of the human resting EEG, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2008;2008:5680-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Liu T et al, (March 2008) Chronic exposure to low-intensity magnetic field improves acquisition and maintenance of memory, Neuroreport. 2008 Mar 25;19(5):549-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Arnetz BB et al, (2007) The Effects of 884 MHz GSM Wireless Communication Signals on Self-reported Symptom and Sleep (EEG)- An Experimental Provocation Study, PIERS Online Vol. 3 No. 7 2007 pp: 1148-1150 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Abdel-Rassoul G et al, (March 2007) Neurobehavioral effects among inhabitants around mobile phone base stations, Neurotoxicology. 2007 Mar;28(2):434-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Landgrebe M et al, (March 2007) Altered cortical excitability in subjectively electrosensitive patients: results of a pilot study, J Psychosom Res. 2007 Mar;62(3):283-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bachmann M et al, (2006) Integration of differences in EEG Analysis Reveals Changes in Human EEG Caused by Microwave, Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:1597-600 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Papageorgiou CC et al, (April 2006) Acute mobile phone effects on pre-attentive operation, Neurosci Lett. 2006 Apr 10-17;397(1-2):99-103 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Preece AW et al, (2005) Effect of 902 MHz mobile phone transmission on cognitive function in children, Bioelectromagnetics Suppl 7 S138-43 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (March 2005) Effect of 900Mhz electromagnetic fields on energy metabolism in postnatal rat cerebral cortical neurons, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Mar;34(2):155-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (February 2005) Exposure to pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields affects regional cerebral blood flow, Eur J Neurosci. 2005 Feb;21(4):1000-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, (October 2004) Interaction of microwaves and a temporally incoherent magnetic field on spatial learning in the rat, Physiol Behav. 2004 Oct 15;82(5):785-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (July 2004) Effect of 900MHz electromagnetic fields on energy metabolism of cerebral cortical neurons in postnatal rat, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2004 Jul;33(4):428-9, 432 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Costa H et al, (December 2003) Human brain wave activity during exposure to radiofrequency field emissions from mobile phones, Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. 2003 Dec;26(4):162-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kramarenko AV, Tan U, (July 2003) Effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on human EEG: a brain mapping study, Int J Neurosci. 2003 Jul;113(7):1007-19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (May 2003) Radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in humans: Estimation of SAR distribution in the brain, effects on sleep and heart rate, Bioelectromagnetics. 2003 May;24(4):262-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Westerman R, (March 2003) Neurological effects of radiofrequency radiation, Occup Med 2003 Mar;53(2):123-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (December 2002) Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG, J Sleep Res 2002 Dec;11(4):289-95 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hocking B, Westerman R, (October 2002) Neurological changes induced by a mobile phone, Occup Med (Lond). 2002 Oct;52(7):413-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Keetley V et al, (June 2001) Neuropsychological sequelae of 50 Hz magnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2001 Jun;77(6):735-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (December 2000) Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by cellular phones on the electroencephalogram during a visual working memory task, Int J Radiat Biol. 2000 Dec;76(12):1659-67 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huber R et al, (October 2000) Exposure to pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field during waking affects human sleep EEG, Neuroreport. 2000 Oct 20;11(15):3321-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Koivisto M et al, (June 2000) The effects of electromagnetic field emitted by GSM phones on working memory, Neuroreport. 2000 Jun 5;11(8):1641-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

67

P van Wijngaarden E et al, (April 2000) Exposure to electromagnetic fields and suicide among electric utility workers: a nested case-control study, Occup Environ Med. 2000 Apr;57(4):258-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cao Z et al, (March 2000) Effects of electromagnetic radiation from handsets of cellular telephone on neurobehavioral function, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2000 Mar 30;29(2):102-3 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Krause CM et al, (March 2000) Effects of electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on the EEG during a memory task, Neuroreport. 2000 Mar 20;11(4):761-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Koivisto M et al, (February 2000) Effects of 902 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular telephones on response times in humans, Neuroreport. 2000 Feb 7;11(2):413-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Freude G et al, (January 2000) Microwaves emitted by cellular telephones affect human slow brain potentials, Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Jan;81(1-2):18-27 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang B, Lai H, (January 2000) Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats, Bioelectromagnetics. 2000 Jan;21(1):52-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Borbely AA et al, (November 1999) Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field affects human sleep and sleep electroencephalogram, Neurosci Lett. 1999 Nov 19;275(3):207-10 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Eulitz C et al, (October 1998) Mobile phones modulate response patterns of human brain activity, Neuroreport. 1998 Oct 5;9(14):3229-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Freude G et al, (1998) Effects of microwaves emitted by cellular phones on human slow brain potentials, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(6):384-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H et al, (1998) Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(2):117-22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, (1996) Spatial learning deficit in the rat after exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics. 1996;17(6):494-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reiser H et al, (October 1995) The influence of electromagnetic fields on human brain activity, Eur J Med Res. 1995 Oct 16;1(1):27-32 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Zhao Z et al, (July 1994) The effects of radiofrequency (< 30 MHz) radiation in humans, Rev Environ Health. 1994 Jul-Dec;10(3-4):213-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H et al, (1994) Microwave irradiation affects radial-arm maze performance in the rat, Bioelectromagnetics. 1994;15(2):95-104 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H et al, (May 1989) Low-level microwave irradiation and central cholinergic systems, Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 May;33(1):131-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reichmanis M et al, (1979) Relation between suicide and the electromagnetic field of overhead power lines, Physiol Chem Phys. 1979;11(5):395-403 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

68

Radiofrequency EMF Mechanisms (xRFx)

P Pall ML, (July 2018) Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health., Environ Res. 2018 Jul;164:405-416. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035. Epub 2018 Mar 21. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hinrikus H et al, (June 2018) Understanding physical mechanism of low-level microwave radiation effect, Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Jun 8:1-6. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478158. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Okatan DO et al, (February 2018) Continuous 900-megahertz electromagnetic field applied in middle and late-adolescence causes qualitative and quantitative changes in the ovarian morphology, tissue and blood biochemistry of the rat., Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Feb;94(2):186-198. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1420924. Epub 2018 Jan 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Jeong YJ et al, (2015) 1950 MHz Electromagnetic Fields Ameliorate AB Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Mice, Curr Alzheimer Res. 2015;12(5):481-92 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Soderqvist F et al, (2010) Radiofrequency fields, transthyretin, and Alzheimer's disease, J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(2):599-606 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Yildirim MS et al, (2010) Effect of mobile phone station on micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberrations in human blood cells, Genet Couns. 2010;21(2):243-51 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Xu S et al, (October 2009) Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in primary cultured neurons, Brain Res. 2010 Jan 22;1311:189-96. Epub 2009 Oct 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Belyaev I et al, (October 2009) Microwaves from Mobile Phones Inhibit 53BP1 Focus Formation in Human Stem Cells Stronger than in Differentiated Cells: Possible Mechanistic Link to Cancer Risk, Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhijian C et al, (January 2010) Impact of 1.8-GHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on DNA damage and repair induced by doxorubicin in human B-cell lymphoblastoid cells, Mutat Res. 2010 Jan;695(1-2):16-21. Epub 2009 Oct 13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Otitoloju AA et al, (October 2009) Preliminary study on the induction of sperm head abnormalities in mice, Mus musculus, exposed to radiofrequency radiations from global system for mobile communication base stations, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010 Jan;84(1):51-4. Epub 2009 Oct 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Billaudel B et al, (May 2009) Effects of exposure to DAMPS and GSM signals on Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) activity: II- SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, Int J Radiat Biol. 2009 May 12:1-4. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lopez-Martin E et al, (May 2009) The action of pulse-modulated GSM radiation increases regional changes in brain activity and c-Fos expression in cortical and subcortical areas in a rat model of picrotoxin-induced seizure proneness, J Neurosci Res. 2009 May 1;87(6):1484-99 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Soderqvist F et al, (April 2009) Mobile and cordless telephones, serum transthyretin and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a cross-sectional study, Environ Health. 2009 Apr 21;8:19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Budak GG et al, (April 2009) Effects of GSM-like radiofrequency on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in pregnant adult rabbits, Clin Invest Med. 2009 Apr 1;32(2):E112-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Orendacova J et al, (March 2009) Immunohistochemical Study of Postnatal Neurogenesis After Whole-body Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Evaluation of Age- and Dose-Related Changes in Rats, Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2009 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ruediger HW, (March 2009) Genotoxic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 12. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pourlis AF, (March 2009) Reproductive and developmental effects of EMF in vertebrate animal models, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Blackman C, (March 2009) Cell phone radiation: Evidence from ELF and RF studies supporting more inclusive risk identification and assessment, Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):205-16. Epub 2009 Mar 4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Phillips JL et al, (March 2009) Electromagnetic fields and DNA damage, Pathophysiology. 2009 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gajski G et al, (March 2009) Radioprotective effects of honeybee venom (Apis mellifera) against 915-MHz microwave radiation-induced DNA damage in wistar rat lymphocytes: in vitro study, Int J Toxicol. 2009 Mar-Apr;28(2):88-98 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gul A et al, (February 2009) The effects of microwave emitted by cellular phones on ovarian follicles in rats, Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Feb 25. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bas O et al, (February 2009) 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure affects qualitative and quantitative features of hippocampal pyramidal cells in the adult female rat, Brain Res. 2009 Feb 20. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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N Prisco MG et al, (December 2008) Effects of GSM-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on mouse bone marrow cells, Radiat Res. 2008 Dec;170(6):803-10 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Verschaeve L, (November 2008) Genetic damage in subjects exposed to radiofrequency radiation, Mutat Res. 2008 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev IY et al, (October 2008) Microwaves from UMTS/GSM mobile phones induce long-lasting inhibition of 53BP1/gamma-H2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 Oct 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Franzellitti S et al, (October 2008) HSP70 Expression in Human Trophoblast Cells Exposed to Different 1.8 GHz Mobile Phone Signals, Rad. Res. 2008 Oct;170(4): 488-497 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

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P Sokolovic D et al, (September 2008) Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Exposure of Microwave Radiation from Mobile Phones in Rat Brain, J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2008 Sep 29. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hoyto A et al, (September 2008) Radiofrequency radiation does not significantly affect ornithine decarboxylase activity, proliferation, or caspase-3 activity of fibroblasts in different physiological conditions, Int J Radiat Biol. 2008 Sep;84(9):727-33 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Odaci E et al, (August 2008) Effects of prenatal exposure to a 900 Mhz electromagnetic field on the dentate gyrus of rats: a stereological and histopathological study, Brain Res. 2008 Aug 16. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Andrzejak R et al, (August 2008) The influence of the call with a mobile phone on heart rate variability parameters in healthy volunteers, Ind Health. 2008 Aug;46(4):409-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pavicic I, Trosic I, (August 2008) In vitro testing of cellular response to ultra high frequency electromagnetic field radiation, Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Aug;22(5):1344-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhang SZ et al, (August 2008) Effect of 1.8 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on gene expression of rat neurons, Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2008 Aug;26(8):449-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Eberhardt JL et al, (2008) Blood-brain barrier permeability and nerve cell damage in rat brain 14 and 28 days after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(3):215-29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Mathur R, (2008) Effect of chronic intermittent exposure to AM radiofrequency field on responses to various types of noxious stimuli in growing rats, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(3):266-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Matronchik AY, Belyaev IY et al, (2008) Mechanism for combined action of microwaves and static magnetic field: slow non uniform rotation of charged nucleoid, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(4):340-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nittby H et al, (2008) Radiofrequency and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field effects on the blood-brain barrier, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(2):103-26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Yan JG et al, (2008) Upregulation of specific mRNA levels in rat brain after cell phone exposure, Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(2):147-54 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P George DF et al, (May 2008) Non-thermal effects in the microwave induced unfolding of proteins observed by chaperone binding, Bioelectromagnetics. 2008 May;29(4):324-30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Manti L et al, (May 2008) Effects of Modulated Microwave Radiation at Cellular Telephone Frequency (1.95 GHz) on X-Ray-Induced Chromosome Aberrations in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro, Radiat Res. 2008 May;169(5):575-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Schwarz C et al, (May 2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (UMTS, 1,950 MHz) induce genotoxic effects in vitro in human fibroblasts but not in lymphocytes, Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2008 May;81(6):755-67 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Yao K et al, (May 2008) Effect of superposed electromagnetic noise on DNA damage of lens epithelial cells induced by microwave radiation, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 May;49(5):2009-15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lerchl A et al, (April 2008) Effects of mobile phone electromagnetic fields at nonthermal SAR values on melatonin and body weight of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus), J Pineal Res. 2008 Apr;44(3):267-72 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Perez FP et al, (April 2008) Electromagnetic field therapy delays cellular senescence and death by enhancement of the heat shock response, Exp Gerontol. 2008 Apr;43(4):307-16 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Rao VS et al, (March 2008) Nonthermal effects of radiofrequency-field exposure on calcium dynamics in stem cell-derived neuronal cells: elucidation of calcium pathways, Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):319-29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Valbonesi P et al, (March 2008) Evaluation of HSP70 Expression and DNA Damage in Cells of a Human Trophoblast Cell Line Exposed to 1.8 GHz Amplitude-Modulated Radiofrequency Fields, Radiat Res. 2008 Mar;169(3):270-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Aly AA et al, (February 2008) Effects of 900-MHz radio frequencies on the chemotaxis of human neutrophils in vitro, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Feb;55(2):795-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Karinen A et al, (February 2008) Mobile phone radiation might alter protein expression in human skin, BMC Genomics. 2008 Feb 11;9:77 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lopez-Berenguer C et al, (November 2007) Effects of microwave cooking conditions on bioactive compounds present in broccoli inflorescences, J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Nov 28;55(24):10001-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Roux D et al, (November 2007) High frequency (900 MHz) low amplitude (5 V m(-1)) electromagnetic field: a genuine environmental stimulus that affects transcription, translation, calcium and energy charge in tomato., Planta. 2007 Nov 20 [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Meral I et al, (September 2007) Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs, Brain Res. 2007 Sep 12;1169:120-4. Epub 2007 Jul 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Friedman J et al, (August 2007) Mechanism of a short-term ERK activation by electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency, Biochem J. 2007 Aug 1;405(3):559-68 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Guney M et al, (August 2007) 900 MHz radiofrequency-induced histopathologic changes and oxidative stress in rat endometrium: protection by vitamins E and C, Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Aug;23(7):411-20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hoyto A et al, (June 2007) Ornithine decarboxylase activity is affected in primary astrocytes but not in secondary cell lines exposed to 872 MHz RF radiation, Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Jun;83(6):367-74 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Oral B et al, (November 2006) Endometrial apoptosis induced by a 900-MHz mobile phone: preventive effects of vitamins E and C, Adv Ther. 2006 Nov-Dec;23(6):957-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nylund R, Leszcynski D, (September 2006) Mobile phone radiation causes changes in gene and protein expression in human endothelial cell lines and the response seems to be genome- and proteome-dependent, Proteomics 2006 Sep;6(17):4769-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev IY et al, (May 2006) Exposure of rat brain to 915 MHz GSM microwaves induces changes in gene expression but not double stranded DNA breaks or effects on chromatin conformation, Bioelectromagnetics. 2006 May;27(4):295-306 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Nikolova T et al, (October 2005) Electromagnetic fields affect transcript levels of apoptosis-related genes in embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, FASEB J. 2005 Oct;19(12):1686-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Markova E et al, (September 2005) Microwaves from GSM mobile telephones affect 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Sep;113(9):1172-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (September 2005) Effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on the expression of GABA receptor of cerebral cortical neurons in postnatal rats, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2005 Sep;34(5):546-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reif JS et al, (August 2005) Human responses to Residential RF exposure, 2 RO1 ES0008117-04 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Caraglia M et al, (August 2005) Electromagnetic fields at mobile phone frequency induce apoptosis and inactivation of the multi-chaperone complex in human epidermoid cancer cells, J Cell Physiol. 2005 Aug;204(2):539-48 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ozguner F et al, (August 2005) Comparative analysis of the protective effects of melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on mobile phone-induced renal impairment in rat, Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 Aug;276(1-2):31-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Oktem F et al, (July 2005) Oxidative damage in the kidney induced by 900-MHz-emitted mobile phone: protection by melatonin, Arch Med Res. 2005 Jul-Aug;36(4):350-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Diem E et al, (June 2005) Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800 MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro, Mutat Res. 2005 Jun 6;583(2):178-83 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hallberg O, Johansson O, (2005) FM broadcasting exposure time and malignant melanoma incidence, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 24; 1-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Belyaev IY et al, (April 2005) 915 MHz microwaves and 50 Hz magnetic field affect chromatin conformation and 53BP1 foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons, Bioelectromagnetics. 2005 Apr;26(3):173-84 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lai H, (October 2004) Interaction of microwaves and a temporally incoherent magnetic field on spatial learning in the rat, Physiol Behav. 2004 Oct 15;82(5):785-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ozguner F et al, (September 2004) Prevention of mobile phone induced skin tissue changes by melatonin in rat: an experimental study, Toxicol Ind Health. 2004 Sep;20(6-10):133-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang Q et al, (July 2004) Effect of 900MHz electromagnetic fields on energy metabolism of cerebral cortical neurons in postnatal rat, Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2004 Jul;33(4):428-9, 432 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Czyz J et al, (May 2004) High frequency electromagnetic fields (GSM signals) affect gene expression levels in tumor suppressor p53-deficient embryonic stem cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2004 May;25(4):296-307 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sarimov R et al, (2004) Nonthermal GSM Microwaves Affect Chromatin Conformation in Human Lymphocytes Similar to Heat Shock, IEEE Trans Plasma Sci 2004; 32 (4): 1600 - 1608 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P de Pomerai DI et al, (May 2003) Microwave radiation can alter protein conformation without bulk heating, FEBS Lett. 2003 May 22;543(1-3):93-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Burch JB et al, (November 2002) Melatonin metabolite excretion among cellular telephone users, Int J Radiat Biol. 2002 Nov;78(11):1029-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Leszczynski D et al, (May 2002) Non-thermal activation of the hsp27/p38MAPK stress pathway by mobile phone radiation in human endothelial cells: molecular mechanism for cancer- and blood-brain barrier-related effects, Differentiation. 2002 May;70(2-3):120-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Ambrosio G et al, (January 2002) Cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes following GMSK phase modulated microwave exposure, Bioelectromagnetics. 2002 Jan;23(1):7-13 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Tattersall JE et al, (June 2001) Effects of low intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on electrical activity in rat hippocampal slices, Brain Res. 2001 Jun 15;904(1):43-53 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wang B, Lai H, (January 2000) Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats, Bioelectromagnetics. 2000 Jan;21(1):52-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Velizarov S et al, (February 1999) The effects of radiofrequency fields on cell proliferation are non-thermal, Bioelectrochem Bioenerg. 1999 Feb;48(1):177-80 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Daniells C et al, (March 1998) Transgenic nematodes as biomonitors of microwave-induced stress, Mutat Res. 1998 Mar 13;399(1):55-64 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Donnellan M et al, (July 1997) Effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation at 835 MHz on growth, morphology and secretory characteristics of a mast cell analogue, RBL-2H3, Cell Biol Int. 1997 Jul;21(7):427-39 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P French PW et al, (June 1997) Electromagnetic radiation at 835 MHz changes the morphology and inhibits proliferation of a human astrocytoma cell line, Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics, June 1997;43(1):13-18 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Singh B, Bate LA, (November 1996) Responses of pulmonary intravascular macrophages to 915-MHz microwave radiation: ultrastructural and cytochemical study, Anat Rec. 1996 Nov;246(3):343-55 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dobson J, St. Pierre T, (October 1996) Application of the ferromagnetic transduction model to D.C. and pulsed magnetic fields: effects on epileptogenic tissue and implications for cellular phone safety, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996 Oct 23;227(3):718-23 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Lai H et al, (May 1989) Low-level microwave irradiation and central cholinergic systems, Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 May;33(1):131-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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82

Powerfrequency EMF Mechanisms(xPFx)

P Juutilainen J et al, (May 2018) Magnetocarcinogenesis: is there a mechanism for carcinogenic effects of weak magnetic fields?, Proc Biol Sci. 2018 May 30;285(1879). pii: 20180590. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0590 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Shepherd S et al, (May 2018) Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields impair the Cognitive and Motor Abilities of Honey Bees, Sci Rep. 2018 May 21;8(1):7932. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26185-y [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Halgamuge M, McLean L, (May 2018) Measurement and analysis of power-frequency magnetic fields in residences:, Measurement Volume 125, September 2018, Pages 415-424 [View Author's abstract conclusions]

P Soffritti M et al, (2016) Life-span exposure to sinusoidal-50 Hz magnetic field and acute low-dose y radiation induce carcinogenic effects in Sprague-Dawley rats., Int J Radiat Biol. 2016;92(4):202-14. doi: 10.3109/09553002.2016.1144942. Epub 2016 Feb 19. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Vanderstraeten J et al, (July 2015) Could Magnetic Fields Affect the Circadian Clock Function of Cryptochromes? Testing the Basic Premise of the Cryptochrome Hypothesis (ELF Magnetic Fields), Health Phys. 2015 Jul;109(1):84-9. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000292 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Prato FS, (May 2015) Non-thermal extremely low frequency magnetic field effects on opioid related behaviors: Snails to humans, mechanisms to therapy, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 May 11. doi: 10.1002/bem.21918. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Qi G et al, (May 2015) Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) exposure on B6C3F1 mice, Environ Health Prev Med. 2015 May 5. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Nofouzi K et al, (April 2015) Influence of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on growth performance, innate immune response, biochemical parameters and disease resistance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Fish Physiol Biochem. 2015 Apr 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Percherancier Y et al, (April 2015) Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on gap junctional intercellular communication in NIH3T3 cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Apr 3. doi: 10.1002/bem.21908. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Fiocchi S et al, (Aprli 2015) Assessment of foetal exposure to the homogeneous magnetic field harmonic spectrum generated by electricity transmission and distribution networks, Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Apr 1;12(4):3667-90. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120403667 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hori T et al, (March 2015) Exposure to 50 Hz electric fields reduces stress-induced glucocorticoid levels in BALB/c mice in a kV/m- and duration-dependent manner, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Mar 27. doi: 10.1002/bem.21914. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Manzella N et al, (March 2015) Circadian gene expression and extremely low-frequency magnetic fields: An in vitro study, Bioelectromagnetics. 2015 Mar 22. doi: 10.1002/bem.21915. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Duan W et al, (March 2015) Comparison of the Genotoxic Effects Induced by 50 Hz Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and 1800 MHz Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in GC-2 Cells, Radiat Res. 2015 Mar;183(3):305-14. doi: 10.1667/RR13851.1. Epub 2015 Feb 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Jin H et al, (March 2015) Effects on g2/m phase cell cycle distribution and aneuploidy formation of exposure to a 60 Hz electromagnetic field in combination with ionizing radiation or hydrogen peroxide in l132 nontumorigenic human lung epithelial cells, Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015 Mar;19(2):119-24. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.2.119. Epub 2015 Feb 25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tessaro LW et al, (March 2015) Bacterial growth rates are influenced by cellular characteristics of individual species when immersed in electromagnetic fields, Microbiol Res. 2015 Mar;172:26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.12.008. Epub 2015 Jan 19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Wilson JW et al, (March 2015) The effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on mutation induction in mice, Mutat Res. 2015 Mar;773:22-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.01.014. Epub 2015 Jan 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

83

P Todorovic D et al, (February 2015) Effects of two different waveforms of ELF MF on bioelectrical activity of antennal lobe neurons of Morimus funereus (Insecta, Coleoptera), Int J Radiat Biol. 2015 Feb 10:1-8. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Li L et al, (February 2015) A cross-sectional study on oxidative stress in workers exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2015 Feb 4:1-23. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chung YH et al, (January 2015) Extremely low frequency magnetic field modulates the level of neurotransmitters, Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015 Jan;19(1):15-20. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.1.15. Epub 2014 Dec 31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P D'Angelo C et al, (January 2015) Experimental model for ELF-EMF exposure: Concern for human health, Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Jan;22(1):75-84. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.07.006. Epub 2014 Aug 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Patruno A et al, (January 2015) Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on catalase, cytochrome P450 and nitric oxide synthase in erythro-leukemic cells, Life Sci. 2015 Jan 15;121:117-23. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.003. Epub 2014 Dec 11 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Gok DK et al, (December 2014) The developmental effects of extremely low frequency electric fields on visual and somatosensory evoked potentials in adult rats, Electromagn Biol Med. 2014 Dec 11:1-10. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Grant DN et al, (December 2014) In vitro electromagnetic stimulation to enhance cell proliferation in extracellular matrix constructs with and without metallic nanoparticles, J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2014 Dec 2. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33338. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Giorgi G et al, (December 2014) An evaluation of genotoxicity in human neuronal-type cells subjected to oxidative stress under an extremely low frequency pulsed magnetic field, Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2014 Dec;775-776:31-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.003. Epub 2014 Oct 22 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Huang CY et al, (November 2014) Distinct epidermal keratinocytes respond to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields differently, PLoS One. 2014 Nov 19;9(11):e113424. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113424. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Saha S et al, (November 2014) Increased apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks in the embryonic mouse brain in response to very low-dose X-rays but not 50 Hz magnetic fields, J R Soc Interface. 2014 Nov 6;11(100):20140783. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0783 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Raus Balind et al, (October 2014) Short- and long-term exposure to alternating magnetic field (50 Hz, 0.5 mT) affects rat pituitary ACTH cells: Stereological study, Environ Toxicol. 2014 Oct 27. doi: 10.1002/tox.22059. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Korr H et al, (October 2014) No Evidence of Persisting Unrepaired Nuclear DNA Single Strand Breaks in Distinct Types of Cells in the Brain, Kidney, and Liver of Adult Mice after Continuous Eight-Week 50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure with Flux Density of 0.1 mT or 1.0 mT, PLoS One. 2014 Oct 10;9(10):e109774. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109774. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Alsaeed I et al, (October 2014) Autism-relevant social abnormalities in mice exposed perinatally to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Int J Dev Neurosci. 2014 Oct;37:58-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.06.010. Epub 2014 Jun 23. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Baek S et al, (October 2014) Electromagnetic Fields Mediate Efficient Cell Reprogramming into a Pluripotent State, ACS Nano. 2014 Oct 1. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Hasanzadeh H et al, (October 2014) Effect of ELF-EMF Exposure on Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line: a Proteomics Analysis, Iran J Cancer Prev. 2014 Winter;7(1):22-7. [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Jung IS et al, (October 2014) Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on NGF induced neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Oct;35(7):459-69. doi: 10.1002/bem.21861. Epub 2014 Aug 26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Liorni I et al, (September 2014) Dosimetric study of fetal exposure to uniform magnetic fields at 50 Hz, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep 29. doi: 10.1002/bem.21878. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

84

- Stormer FC et al, (September 2014) Is magnetite a universal memory molecule?, Med Hypotheses. 2014 Sep 6. pii: S0306-9877(14)00312-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.08.028. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N de Groot MW et al, (September 2014) Assessment of the neurotoxic potential of exposure to 50Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in naive and chemically stressed PC12 cells, Neurotoxicology. 2014 Sep;44:358-64. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.07.009. Epub 2014 Aug 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Isaac Aleman E et al, (September 2014) Effects of 60 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field on in vitro establishment, multiplication, and acclimatization phases of Coffee arabica seedlings, Bioelectromagnetics. 2014 Sep;35(6):414-25. doi: 10.1002/bem.21859. Epub 2014 Jul 17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lee SK et al, (September 2014) Extremely low frequency magnetic fields induce spermatogenic germ cell apoptosis: possible mechanism, Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:567183. doi: 10.1155/2014/567183. Epub 2014 Jun 15 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhao G et al, (September 2014) Relationship between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis, Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2014;35(3):264-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Zhu H et al, (August 2014) Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on human fetal scleral fibroblasts, Toxicol Ind Health. 2014 Aug 21. pii: 0748233714545837. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Reale M et al, (August 2014) Neuronal cellular responses to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure: implications regarding oxidative stress and neurodegeneration, PLoS One. 2014 Aug 15;9(8):e104973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104973. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Seifirad S et al, (August 2014) Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on paraoxonase serum activity and lipid peroxidation metabolites in rat, J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2014 Aug 13;13(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s40200-014-0085-2. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Zhang Y et al, (August 2014) Short term effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure on Alzheimer's disease in rats, Int J Radiat Biol. 2014 Aug 13:1-35. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Li C et al, (July 2014) The extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure differently affects the AMPAR and NMDAR subunit expressions in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and prefrontal cortex without effects on the rat spatial learning and memory, Environ Res. 2014 Jul 18;134C:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.06.025. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kantar Gok D et al, (July 2014) Effects of extremely low-frequency electric fields at different intensities and exposure durations on mismatch negativity, Neuroscience. 2014 Jul 11;272:154-66. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.04.056. Epub 2014 May 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Liu DD et al, (June 2014) Melatonin protects rat cerebellar granule cells against electromagnetic field-induced increases in Na(+) currents through intracellular Ca(2+) release, J Cell Mol Med. 2014 Jun;18(6):1060-70. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12250. Epub 2014 Feb 18 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Shafiei SA et al, (May 2014) Investigation of EEG changes during exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic field to conduct brain signals, Neurol Sci. 2014 May 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ma Q et al, (March 2014) Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields affect transcript levels of neuronal differentiation-related genes in embryonic neural stem cells, PLoS One. 2014 Mar 3;9(3):e90041. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090041. eCollection 2014 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Seong Y et al, (March 2014) Egr1 mediated the neuronal differentiation induced by extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, Life Sci. 2014 Mar 3. pii: S0024-3205(14)00278-1. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.02.022. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Leone L et al, (February 2014) Epigenetic Modulation of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, Mol Neurobiol. 2014 Feb 16. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Jia HL et al, (February 2014) Combined effects of 50 Hz magnetic field and magnetic nanoparticles on the proliferation and apoptosis of PC12 cells, Biomed Environ Sci. 2014 Feb;27(2):97-105. doi: 10.3967/bes2014.022 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

85

P Zhu H et al, (October 2013) Effect of puerarin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human fetal scleral fibroblasts treated with low frequency electromagnetic fields, J Tradit Chin Med. 2013 Oct;33(5):664-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Bayat PD et al, (November 2012) Effects of prenatal exposure to extremely low electro-magnetic field on in vivo derived blastocysts of mice, Iran J Reprod Med. 2012 Nov;10(6):555-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Potenza L et al, (September 2012) Effect of 300 mT static and 50 Hz 0.1 mT extremely low frequency magnetic fields on Tuber borchii mycelium, Can J Microbiol. 2012 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Consales C et al, (September 2012) Electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, Int J Cell Biol. 2012;2012:683897. Epub 2012 Sep 9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Del Re B et al, (September 2012) Assessing LINE-1 retrotransposition activity in neuroblastoma cells exposed to extremely low-frequency pulsed magnetic fields, Mutat Res. 2012 Sep 7. pii: S1383-5718(12)00276-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.07.004. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Das S et al, (September 2012) Exposure to ELF- magnetic field promotes restoration of sensori-motor functions in adult rats with hemisection of thoracic spinal cord, Electromagn Biol Med. 2012 Sep;31(3):180-94 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Kirschenlohr H et al, (September 2012) Gene expression profiles in white blood cells of volunteers exposed to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field, Radiat Res. 2012 Sep;178(3):138-49. Epub 2012 Aug 1 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cho H et al, (July 2012) Neural stimulation on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, Biotechnol Prog. 2012 Jul 31. doi: 10.1002/btpr.1607. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kitaoka K et al, (July 2012) Chronic exposure to an extremely low-frequency magnetic field induces depression-like behavior and corticosterone secretion without enhancement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jul 2. doi: 10.1002/bem.21743. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Balamuralikrishnan B et al, (2012) Evaluation of Chromosomal Alteration in Electrical Workers Occupationally Exposed to Low Frequency of Electro Magnetic Field (EMFs) in Coimbatore Population, India, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(6):2961-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ince B et al, (June 2012) Can exposure to manganese and extremely low frequency magnetic fields affect some important elements in the rat teeth?, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Jun;16(6):763-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Korpinar MA et al, (2012) The 50 Hz (10 mT) sinusoidal magnetic field: effects on stress-related behavior of rats, Bratisl Lek Listy. 2012;113(9):521-4 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fedrowitz M, Loscher W, (May 2012) Gene expression in the mammary gland tissue of female Fischer 344 and Lewis rats after magnetic field exposure (50 Hz, 100 uT) for 2 weeks, Int J Radiat Biol. 2012 May;88(5):425-9. Epub 2012 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chen G et al, (April 2012) Using model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to evaluate the effects of ELF-MF and RF-EMF exposure on global gene expression, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Apr 9. doi: 10.1002/bem.21724. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Foroozandeh E et al, (March 2012) Toxic effects of 50 Hz electromagnetic field on memory consolidation in male and female mice, Toxicol Ind Health. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Huwiler SG et al, (February 2012) Genome-wide transcription analysis of Escherichia coli in response to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Feb 13. doi: 10.1002/bem.21709. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Narinyan L et al, (January 2012) Age-dependent magnetosensitivity of heart muscle hydration, Bioelectromagnetics. 2012 Jan 17. doi: 10.1002/bem.21704. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Patruno A et al, (January 2012) Kinetic Study on the Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Catalase, Cytochrome P450 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human HaCaT and THP-1 Cell Lines, CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2012 Jan 10. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Touitou Y et al, (January 2012) Long-term (up to 20years) effects of 50-Hz magnetic field exposure on blood chemistry parameters in healthy men, Clin Biochem. 2012 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Janac B et al, (January 2012) Temporal patterns of extremely low frequency magnetic field-induced motor behaviour changes in Mongolian gerbils of different age, Int J Radiat Biol. 2012 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Borhani N et al, (December 2011) Analysis of DNA fragmentation in mouse embryos exposed to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Dec;30(4):246-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Chu LY et al, (December 2011) Extremely low frequency magnetic field induces oxidative stress in mouse cerebellum, Gen Physiol Biophys. 2011 Dec;30(4):415-21 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ciejka E et al, (December 2011) Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on oxidative balance in brain of rats, J Physiol Pharmacol. 2011 Dec;62(6):657-61 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Dominici L et al, (December 2011) Genotoxic hazard evaluation in welders occupationally exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF), Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011 Dec;215(1):68-75. Epub 2011 Aug 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lagroye I et al, (December 2011) ELF magnetic fields: Animal studies, mechanisms of action, Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2011 Dec;107(3):369-73. Epub 2011 Sep 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Pilla A et al, (December 2011) Electromagnetic fields as first messenger in biological signaling: Application to calmodulin-dependent signaling in tissue repair, Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Dec;1810(12):1236-45. Epub 2011 Oct 8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Costin GE et al, (October 2011) Trends in Wound Repair: Cellular and Molecular Basis of Regenerative Therapy Using Electromagnetic Fields, Curr Mol Med. 2011 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Gandhi OP et al, (October 2011) Exposure Limits: The underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Hwang YH et al, (October 2011) Intracellular Ca Mobilization and Beta-hexosaminidase Release Are Not Influenced by 60 Hz-electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in RBL 2H3 Cells, Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;15(5):313-7. Epub 2011 Oct 31 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Verschaeve L et al, (October 2011) Genotoxicity investigation of ELF-magnetic fields in Salmonella typhimurium with the sensitive SOS-based VITOTOX test, Bioelectromagnetics 2011 Oct;32(7):580-4. doi: 10.1002/bem.20672. Epub 2011 Apr 12 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lee HJ et al, (September 2011) Combined effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic field exposure with various stress factors on cellular transformation in NIH3T3 cells, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 Sep 6. doi: 10.1002/bem.20700. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Legros A et al, (September 2011) Neurophysiological and behavioral effects of a 60 Hz, 1,800 uT magnetic field in humans, Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Sep 6. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Shin EJ et al, (September 2011) Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields induces fos-related antigen-immunoreactivity via activation of dopaminergic d1 receptor, Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):130-6. Epub 2011 Sep 20 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Sulpizio M et al, (Augst 2011) Molecular basis underlying the biological effects elicited by extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on neuroblastoma cells, J Cell Biochem. 2011 Aug 8. doi: 10.1002/jcb.23310. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Selmaoui B et al, (June 2011) Acute Exposure to 50-Hz Magnetic Fields Increases Interleukin-6 in Young Healthy Men, J Clin Immunol. 2011 Jun 28. [Epub ahead of print] [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Giorgi G et al, (June 2011) Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure on DNA transposition in relation to frequency, wave shape and exposure time, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Jun;87(6):601-8. Epub 2011 Apr 19 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Hong ME et al, (June 2011) Influence of exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field on neuroendocrine cells and hormones in stomach of rats, Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2011 Jun;15(3):137-42. Epub 2011 Jun 30 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ravera S et al, (June 2011) Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields affect lipid-linked Carbonic anhydrase, Electromagn Biol Med. 2011 Jun;30(2):67-73 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Rossi C et al, (June 2011) New perspectives in cell communication: Bioelectromagnetic interactions, Semin Cancer Biol. 2011 Jun;21(3):207-14. Epub 2011 May 6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Belyaev I et al, (May 2011) Toxicity and SOS response to ELF magnetic field and nalidixic acid in E. coli cells, Mutat Res. 2011 May 18;722(1):84-8. Epub 2011 Mar 29 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Blank M, Goodman R, (April 2011) DNA is a fractal antenna in electromagnetic fields, Int J Radiat Biol. 2011 Apr;87(4):409-15. Epub 2011 Feb 28 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Luukkonen J et al, (March 2011) Pre-exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields modifies menadione-induced genotoxic effects in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, PLoS One. 2011 Mar 23;6(3):e18021 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

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P Levallois Pet al, (October 2001)Effects of electric and magnetic fields from high-power lines on female urinaryexcretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Oct 1;154(7):601-9 [View Author's abstractconclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Simko Met al, (August 2001)Micronucleus induction in Syrian hamster embryo cells following exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields, benzo(a)pyrene,and TPA in vitro, MutatRes. 2001 Aug 22;495(1-2):43-50 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Ishido Met al, (July 2001)Magnetic fields (MF) of 50 Hz at 1.2 microT as well as 100 microT cause uncoupling of inhibitorypathways of adenylylcyclase mediated by melatonin 1a receptor in MF-sensitive MCF-7 cells, Carcinogenesis. 2001 Jul;22(7):1043-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Blackman CFet al, (February 2001)The influence of 1.2 microT, 60 Hz magnetic fields on melatonin-and tamoxifen-induced inhibition of MCF-7 cell growth, Bioelectromagnetics.2001 Feb;22(2):122-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cecconi Set al, (November 2000)Evaluation of the effects of extremelylow frequency electromagnetic fields on mammalian follicle development, Hum Reprod. 2000 Nov;15(11):2319-25 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

NWoods Met al, (November 2000)Lyn and syk tyrosine kinasesare not activated in B-lineage lymphoid cells exposed to low-energyelectromagnetic fields, FASEB J.2000 Nov;14(14):2284-90 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

-Anderson LEet al, (September 2000)Effects of 50-or 60-hertz, 100 microT magnetic field exposure in the DMBA mammary cancer model in Sprague-Dawley rats: possible explanations for different results from two laboratories, Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Sep;108(9):797-802 [View

94

]

Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

NLoberg LIet al, (May 2000)Expression of cancer-related genes in human cells exposed to 60 Hzmagnetic fields, RadiatRes. 2000 May;153(5 Pt2):679-84 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P van Wijngaarden Eet al, (April 2000)Exposure to electromagnetic fields and suicide among electric utility workers: a nested case-control study, Occup Environ Med. 2000 Apr;57(4):258-63 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Burch JBet al, (February 2000)Melatonin metabolite levels in workers exposed to 60-Hz magnetic fields: work in substations and with 3-phase conductors, J Occup Environ Med. 2000 Feb;42(2):136-42 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Wei Met al, (February 2000)Exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fieldsand proliferation of human astrocytoma cells in vitro, Toxicol ApplPharmacol.2000 Feb 1;162(3):166-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

NWey HEet al, (February 2000)50-Hertz magnetic field and calcium transients in Jurkat cells: results of a research and public information dissemination (RAPID) program study, Environ Health Perspect. 2000 Feb;108(2):135-40 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fews APet al, (December 1999)Increased exposure to pollutant aerosols under high voltage power lines, Int J RadiatBiol. 1999 Dec;75(12):1505-21 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Fews APet al, (December 1999)Corona ions from powerlines and increased exposure to pollutant aerosols, Int J RadiatBiol. 1999 Dec;75(12):1523-31 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

-Loberg LIet al, (August 1999)Gene expression in human breast epithelial cells exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields, Carcinogenesis.1999 Aug;20(8):1633-6 [View Author's abstractconclusions] [View on Pubmed]

-Burch JBet al, (July 1999)Reduced excretion of a melatonin metabolite in workers exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields, AmJ Epidemiol.1999 Jul1;150(1):27-36 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Galvanovskis Jet al, (1999)Cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillationsin human leukemia T-cells are reduced by 50 Hz magnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics. 1999;20(5):269-76 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P MillerSC, Furniss MJ, (December 1998)Bruton's tyrosine kinase activity and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production are not altered in DT40 lymphoma B cells exposed to power line frequency magnetic fields, J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 4;273(49):32618-26 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Burch JBet al, (June 1998)Nocturnal excretion of a urinary melatonin metabolite among electricutility workers,Scand J WorkEnviron Health.1998 Jun;24(3):183-9 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai Het al, (1998)Acute exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field affects rats' water-maze performance, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(2):117-22 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Tuinstra Ret al, (1998)Protein kinase C activity following exposure to magnetic field and phorbol ester, Bioelectromagnetics. 1998;19(8):469-76 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kristupaitis Det al, (May 1998)Electromagnetic field-induced stimulation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, J BiolChem. 1998 May 15;273(20):12397-401 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Cohen Bet al, (May 1998)Deposition of charged particles on lung airways, Health Phys 74(5):554-60 [View Author'sabstract conclusions] [Viewon Pubmed]

P Dibirdik Iet al, (February 1998)Stimulation of Src family protein-tyrosine kinases as a proximal and mandatory step for SYK kinase-dependentphospholipase Cgamma2 activation in lymphoma B cells exposed to low energy electromagnetic fields, J BiolChem. 1998 Feb 13;273(7):4035-9 [ViewAuthor's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

NLyle DBet al, (1997)Intracellular calcium signaling byJurkat T-lymphocytes exposed to a 60 Hzmagnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics.1997;18(6):439-45 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

95

N Dees C et al, (October 1996) Effects of 60-Hz fields, estradiol and xenoestrogens on human breast cancer cells, Radiat Res. 1996 Oct;146(4):444-52 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Lai H, (1996) Spatial learning deficit in the rat after exposure to a 60 Hz magnetic field, Bioelectromagnetics. 1996;17(6):494-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Reipert BM et al, (1996) Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields has no effect on growth rate or clonogenic potential of multipotential haemopoietic progenitor cells, Growth Factors. 1996;13(3-4):205-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Uckun FM et al, (November 1995) Exposure of B-lineage lymphoid cells to low energy electromagnetic fields stimulates Lyn kinase, J Biol Chem. 1995 Nov 17;270(46):27666-70 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Lacy-Hulbert A et al, (October 1995) No effect of 60 Hz electromagnetic fields on MYC or beta-actin expression in human leukemic cells, Radiat Res. 1995 Oct;144(1):9-17 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Kato M et al, (January 1994) Circularly polarized 50-Hz magnetic field exposure reduces pineal gland and blood melatonin concentrations of Long-Evans rats, Neurosci Lett. 1994 Jan 17;166(1):59-62 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Liburdy RP et al, (November 1993) Experimental evidence for 60 Hz magnetic fields operating through the signal transduction cascade. Effects on calcium influx and c-MYC mRNA induction, FEBS Lett. 1993 Nov 22;334(3):301-8 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

N Coulton LA, Barker AT, (March 2003) Magnetic fields and intracellular calcium: effects on lymphocytes exposed to conditions for 'cyclotron resonance', Phys Med Biol. 1993 Mar;38(3):347-60 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

P Walleczek J, (October 1992) Electromagnetic field effects on cells of the immune system: the role of calcium signaling, FASEB J. 1992 Oct;6(13):3177-85 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Kirschvink JL et al, (August 1992) Magnetite biomineralization in the human brain, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7683-7 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- van Zwieten MJ et al, (September 1984) Differences in DMBA-induced mammary neoplastic responses in two lines of Sprague-Dawley rats, Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1984 Sep;20(9):1199-204 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Lawrence AF, Adey WR, (1982) Nonlinear wave mechanisms in interactions between excitable tissue and electromagnetic fields, Neurol Res. 1982;4(1-2):115-53 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tamarkin L et al, (May 1982) Decreased nocturnal plasma melatonin peak in patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1003-5 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]

- Tamarkin L et al, (November 1981) Melatonin inhibition and pinealectomy enhancement of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in the rat, Cancer Res. 1981 Nov;41(11 Pt 1):4432-6 [View Author's abstract conclusions] [View on Pubmed]


_____________________________

[1] Call for Truly Protective Limits for Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz) by David O. Carpenter, Institute for Health and the Environment, NY, USA; Dr. Lennart Hardell, Department of Oncology, University Hospital Örebro, Sweden; Dr. Joel M. Moskowitz, Ph.D. School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Dr. Gerd Oberfeld, MD, Public Health Department, Salzburg Government, Austria. 30.11.2018. Link https://www.emfcall.org/the-emf-call/?fbclid=IwAR0tE-Mp3Ze6kYO_iYRpuD_6gUv2jwAVVCwnqnXS8PI-anPbUB6og4MqlpI

[2] 2010 Recommendations of the ECRR. The Health Effects of Ionising Radiation. Exposure at Low Doses and Low Dose Rates for Radiation Protection Purposes:

Regulators’ Edition. Edited by Chris Busby with Rosalie Bertell, Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake, Molly Scott Cato and Alexei Yablokov.

Published on Behalf of the European Committee on Radiation Risk

Comité Européen sur le Risque de l’Irradiation, Brussels

by Green Audit, Aberystwyth 2010. ISBN: 978-1-897761-16-8

Link https://euradcom.eu/ecrr-recommendations-2010/

[3] Igor Belyaev, Amy Dean, Horst Eger, Gerhard Hubmann, Reinhold Jandrisovits, Markus Kern, Michael Kundi, Hanns Moshammer, Piero Lercher, Kurt Müller, Gerd Oberfeld*, Peter Ohnsorge, Peter Pelzmann, Claus Scheingraber and Roby Thill EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health 2016; 31(3): 363–397

[4] Bandara P Carpenter DO (2018) Planetary electromagnetic pollution: it is time to assess its impact. Lancer Planetary Health 2(12) PE512-E514. 1 December, 2018. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(18)30221-3

[5] NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies in Hsd: Sprague -Dawley SD Rats exposed to whole body radiofrequency radiations at frequency (900MHz) and modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by cell phones. NTP TR595. Washington USA: National Institute of Health.

[6] Falcioni L, Bua L, Tibaldi M et al. Ramazzini Institute (2018) Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumours in Sprague Dawley rats exposed from pre-natal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency filed representative of a 1.8GHz GSM-based station environmental emission. Environmental Research 165: 496-503

[7] Robert D. Morris, L. Lloyd Morgan , Devra Davis (2015). Children Absorb Higher Doses of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation From Mobile Phones Than Adults. Environmental Health Trust, Teton Village, WY 83025, USA. Environmental Trust, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA Corresponding author: Robert D. Morris

[8] Pallav Sengupta and Sulagna Dutta fr Mahsa University College; Edson Borges Junior; Elzbieta Krajewska-Kułak fr Poland. 2017. “Decline in sperm count in European men during the past 50 years.” (sperm concentration decreased 32.5% ) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316174214_Decline_in_sperm_count_in_European_men_during_the_past_50_years Conference on declining fertility. Stockholm, Sweden, May 2018. Link http://www.anova.se/ISS2018reg.htm

[9] 1) China Behavior Rating System uses Sweden Microchip implants technology

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FMWcLZy3jU

2) f ex 7000 work places use NUBA app already implemented in Sweden that registers workers place and working hours requiring constant data connection through the working day https://nuba.se/

[10] Kalina Christoff. Dehumanization in organizational settings: some scientific and ethical considerations. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014; 8: 748. Published online 2014 Sep 24. doi: [10.3389/fnhum.2014.00748]

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4173804/

[11] The European Union called HAARP project a global concern and passed a resolution calling for more information on its health and environmental risks. https://www.globalresearch.ca/haarp-secret-weapon-used-for-weather-modification-electromagnetic-warfare/20407

[12] Harlan Girard . Institute of Science in Society, 29 May 2007: Bio-electromagnetic Weapons: The ultimate weapon . At the beginning of the article Harlan Girard says: “A weapon system that operates at the speed of light, that can kill, torture, enslave and escape detection. ” More directed energy weapons, active denial system, electronic harassment, microwave hearing, remote neural monitoring, synthetic telepathy, electronic torture, voice-to-skull, i.e http://www.electromagneticweapons.info/

[13] 1) Roman V. Yampolskiy.2011. Leakproofing the Singularity Artificial Intelligence Confinement Problem. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 19, No. 1–2, 2012, pp. 194–214 http://cecs.louisville.edu/ry/LeakproofingtheSingularity.pdf

2) Artificial Intelligence Techniques Applied to Electromagnetic Interference Problems Between Power Lines and Metal Pipelines. 30 March 2012. Dan D. Micu1, Georgios C. Christoforidis2 and Levente Czumbil1 1Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 2Technological Educational Institution of West Macedonia, Kozani, 1Romania 2Greece. Link https://www.intechopen.com/books/recurrent-neural-networks-and-soft-computing/artificial-intelligence-techniques-applied-in-electromagnetic-interference-problems-between-hv-power


___________________________________________

Courtesty: Michael Bevington

  • This limited selection of over 2,000 studies and references aims to provide an indication of the wide range of studies and references available.

  • This selection does not attempt to give the earliest or most recent studies on any topic.

  • This selection concentrates on positive studies which indicate the range of relevant evidence.

  • Some studies and references appear under two or more headings where these are relevant.


  • cellular telephones: are they real and what are the implications?” Environ Health Perspect. (1998) PMID: 9441959.

  • • Hallberg O: “Adverse health indicators correlating with sparsely populated areas in Sweden” Eur J Cancer Prev. (2007) PMID: 17220707.

  • • Hadar A et al.: “Answering the missed call: Initial exploration of cognitive and electrophysiological changes associated with smartphone use and abuse” PLoS One. (2017) PMID: 28678870. Article.

  • • Hallberg O et al.: “Mobile Handset Output Power and Health” Electromag Biol Med. (2004) Abstract.

  • • Hocking B: “Preliminary report: symptoms associated with mobile phone use” Occup Med (Lond). (1998) PMID: 10024730. Abstract.

  • • Hocking B et al.: “Neurological abnormalities associated with mobile phone use” Occup Med (Lond). (2000) PMID: 10975136. Article.

  • • Hocking B et al.: “Neurological changes induced by a mobile phone” Occup Med (Lond). (2002) PMID: 12422029.

  • • Hu Y et al.: “Alterations in White Matter Integrity in Young Adults with Smartphone Dependence” Front Hum Neurosci. (2017) PMID: 29163108. PMC5673664.

  • • Huber R et al.: “Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG” J Sleep Res. (2002) PMID: 12464096. Article.

  • • Hyland GJ: “Physics and biology of mobile telephony” Lancet. (2000) PMID: 11117927.

  • • Ikeda K et al: “Association between mobile phone use and depressed mood in Japanese adolescents: a cross-sectional study” Environ Health Prev Med. (2014)PMID: 24347468.

  • • Kerekhanjanarong V et al.: “The effect of mobile phone to audiologic system” J Med Assoc Thai. (2005) PMID: 16623034.

  • • Khan MM: “Adverse effects of excessive mobile phone use” Int J Occup Med Environ Health. (2008) PMID: 19228576.

  • • Kim J et al.: “Association between Exposure to Smartphones and Ocular Health in Adolescents” Ophthalmic Epidemiol. (2016) PMID: 27254040.

  • • Koca O et al.: “A new problem in inflammatory bladder diseases: use of mobile phones!” Int Braz J Urol. (2014) PMID: 25251956. Article.

  • • Korpinen L et al.: “Near Retirement Age (≥55 Years) Self-Reported Physical Symptoms and Use of Computers/Mobile Phones at Work and at Leisure” Healthcare (Basel). (2017) PMID: 28991182.

  • • Kwok SW et al.: “Smart Device Use and Perceived Physical and Psychosocial Outcomes among Hong Kong Adolescents” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2017) PMID: 28218719. Article.

  • • Kwon MS et al.: “GSM mobile phone radiation suppresses brain glucose metabolism” J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. (2011) PMID: 21915135.

  • • Lee JE et al.: “Relationship between Mobile Phone Addiction and the Incidence of Poor and Short Sleep among Korean Adolescents: a Longitudinal Study of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey” J Korean Med Sci. (2017) PMID: 28581275. Article.

  • • Lippi G et al.: “Acute effects of 30 minutes of exposure to a smartphone call on in vitro platelet function” Blood Transfus. (2017) PMID: 27177410. PMC5448831.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • Lissak G: “Adverse physiological and psychological effects of screen time on children and adolescents: Literature review and case study” Environ Res. (2018) PMID: 29499467.

  • • Lowden A et al.: “Sleep after mobile phone exposure in subjects with mobile phone-related symptoms” Bioelectromagnetics. (2011) PMID: 20857453.

  • • Lu X et al.: “Association of excessive mobile phone use during pregnancy with birth weight: an adjunct study in Kumamoto of Japan Environment and Children's Study” Environ Health Prev Med. (2017) PMID: 29165149. Article.

  • • Mahmoudabadi FS et al.: “Use of mobile phone during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion” J Environ Health Sci Eng. (2015) PMID: 25937931. PMC4416385.

  • • Makker K et al.: “Cell phones: modern man's nemesis?” Reprod Biomed Online. (2009) Review. PMID: 19146782.

  • • Manjunatha N et al.: “Idiopathic environmental intolerance (electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome)” Natl Med J India. (2011) PMID: 22680087. Articile.

  • • Marino AA et al.: “Trigeminal neurons detect cellphone radiation: Thermal or nonthermal is not the question” Electromagn Biol Med. (2017) PMID: 27419655.

  • • Medeiros LN et al.: “Tinnitus and cell phones: the role of electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation” Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. (2016) PMID: 26602000. Article.

  • • Meo SA et al.: “Mobile phone related-hazards and subjective hearing and vision symptoms in the Saudi population” Int J Occup Med Environ Health. (2005) PMID: 16052891.

  • • Mishra SK et al.: “Effect of Cell Phone Radiations on Orofacial Structures: A Systematic Review” J Clin Diagn Res. (2017) PMID: 28658925.

  • • Mohammadianinejad SE et al.: “The Effects of Exposure to Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the Treatment of Migraine Headache: A Cohort Study” Electron Physician. (2016) PMID: 28163863. PMC5279981.

  • • Mortazavi SAR et al.: “Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night” IJBMS. (2018) Article.

  • • Mortazavi SM et al.: “Survey of the Effects of Exposure to 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted by a GSM Mobile Phone on the Pattern of Muscle Contractions in an Animal Model” J Biomed Phys Eng. (2015) PMID: 26396968.

  • • Munezawa T et al.: “The association between use of mobile phones after lights out and sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional survey” Sleep. (2011) PMID: 21804663. PMC3138156.

  • • Oftedal G et al.: “Symptoms experienced in connection with mobile phone use” Occup Med (Lond). (2000) PMID: 10912374.

  • • Oshima N et al.: “The suicidal feelings, self-injury, and mobile phone use after lights out in adolescents” J Pediatr Psychol. (2012) PMID: 22728900.

  • • Panda NK et al.: “Audiologic disturbances in long-term mobile phone users” J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. (2010) PMID: 20122338.

  • • Redmayne M et al: “The relationship between adolescents' well-being and their wireless phone use: a cross-sectional study” Environ Health (2013) PMID: 24148357.

  • • Royant-Parola S et al.: [The use of social media modifies teenagers' sleep-related behavior] Encephale. (2017) PMID: 28602529.

  • • Sage C et al.: “Electromagnetic Fields, Pulsed Radiofrequency Radiation, and Epigenetics: How Wireless Technologies May Affect Childhood Development” Child Dev. (2017) PMID: 28504324.

  • • Salama OE et al.: “Cellular phones: are they detrimental?” J Egypt Public Health Assoc. (2004) PMID: 16918147.

  • • Sandström M et al.: “Mobile phone use and subjective symptoms. Comparison of symptoms experienced by users of analogue and digital mobile phones” Occup Med (Lond). (2001) PMID: 11235824.

  • • Shivashankara AR et al.: “Effect of cell phone use on salivary total protein, enzymes and oxidative stress markers in young adults: a pilot study” J Clin Diagn Res. (2015) PMID: 25859446. Article.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • Stalin P et al.: “Mobile Phone Usage and its Health Effects Among Adults in a Semi-Urban Area of Southern India” J Clin Diagn Res. (2016) PMID: 26894095. Article.

  • • Straker L et al.: “Mobile technology dominates school children's IT use in an advantaged school community and is associated with musculoskeletal and vision symptoms” Ergonomics. (2017) PMID: 29103354.

  • • Szyjkowska A et al.: “[Subjective symptoms related to mobile phone use--a pilot study]” Pol Merkur Lekarski. (2005) PMID: 16379318.

  • • Szyjkowska A et al: “The risk of subjective symptoms in mobile phone users in Poland - an epidemiological study” Int J Occup Med Environ Health (2014) PMID: 24692074.

  • • Szyjkowska A et al.: “[Effect of stress and intensity of mobile phone using on the health and subjective symptoms in GSM workers]” Med Pr. (2017) Polish. PMID: 28731073.

  • • Tamura H et al.: “Association between Excessive Use of Mobile Phone and Insomnia and Depression among Japanese Adolescents” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2017) PMID: 28661428.

  • • Thomée S et al.: “Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults--a prospective cohort study” BMC Public Health. (2011) PMID: 21281471.

  • • Twenge JM et al.: “Decreases in Psychological Well-Being Among American Adolescents After 2012 and Links to Screen Time During the Rise of Smartphone Technology” Emotion. (2018) PMID: 29355336.

  • • Velayutham P et al.: “High-frequency hearing loss among mobile phone users” Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. (2014) PMID: 24533378. PMC3918279.

  • • Wang J et al.: “Mobile Phone Use and The Risk of Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Studies” Sci Rep. (2017) PMID: 28974725. Article.

  • • Wilén J et al.: “Subjective symptoms among mobile phone users – a consequence of absorption of radiofrequency fields?” Bioelectromagnetics. (2003) PMID: 12669297.

  • • Wilmer HH et al.: “Smartphones and Cognition: A Review of Research Exploring the Links between MobileTechnology Habits and Cognitive Functioning” Front Psychol. (2017) PMID: 28487665. PMC5403814.

  • • Yakymenko I et al.: “Subjective symptoms in young cell phone users in Ukraine” Environment and Health. (2015) Text. Article.

  • • Yılmaz D et al.: “Analysis of the mobile phone effect on the heart rate variability by using the largest Lyapunov exponent” J Med Syst. (2010) PMID: 20703598.

  • • Yogesh S et al.: “Mobile usage and sleep patterns among medical students” Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. (2014) PMID: 25464686.

  • • Zhang J et al.: “Acute effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phone on brain function” Bioelectromagnetics. (2017) PMID: 28426166.

  • • Zheng F et al.: “Association between mobile phone use and inattention in 7102 Chinese adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study” BMC Public Health. (2014) PMID: 25273315.

  • • Zheng F et al.: “Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China” BMJ Open. (2015) PMID: 25967996. PMC4431134.


  1. (p) MRI Scanners

The magnetic fields near MRI scanners, inducing electric currents in people moving through them, can cause specific ES/EHS symptoms, with a subset potentially hyper-sensitive (Schaap K et al., 2014). The Lorenzt force of a magnetic field on the inner ear fluid’s electrical currents may explain nystagmus or involuntary eye movements.

  • • Bongers S et al.: “Exposure to static magnetic fields and risk of accidents among a cohort of workers from a medical imaging device manufacturing facility” Magn Reson Med. (2016) PMID: 26079378.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • de Vocht F et al.: “Exposure, health complaints and cognitive performance among employees of an MRI scanners manufacturing department” J Magn Reson Imaging. (2006) PMID: 16374876.

  • • de Vocht F et al.: “Transient health symptoms of MRI staff working with 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla scanners in the UK” Eur Radiol. (2015) PMID: 25764089.

  • • Fiechter M et al.: “Impact of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on human lymphocyte DNA integrity” Eur Heart J. (2013) PMID: 23793096. PMC3736059.

  • • Franco G et al.: [Health effects of occupational exposure to static magnetic fields used in magnetic resonance imaging: a review] Med Lav. (2008) PMID: 18254536.

  • • Güngör HR et al.: [Are there any adverse effects of static magnetic field from magnetic resonance imaging devices on bone health of workers?] Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi. (2014) PMID: 24650383.

  • • Gungor HR et al.: “Chronic Exposure to Static Magnetic Fields from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Devices Deserves Screening for Osteoporosis and Vitamin D Levels: A Rat Model” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2015) PMID: 26264009. PMC4555256.

  • • Schaap K et al.: “Exposure to MRI-related magnetic fields and vertigo in MRI workers” Occup Environ Med. (2015) PMID: 26561507.

  • • Schaap K et al: "Occupational exposure of healthcare and research staff to static magnetic stray fields from 1.5-7 Tesla MRI scanners is associated with reporting of transient symptoms" Occup. Environ. Med. (2014) PMID: 24714654.

  • • van Nierop LE et al.: “Simultaneous exposure to MRI-related static and low-frequency movement-induced time-varying magnetic fields affects neurocognitive performance: A double-blind randomized crossover study” Magn Reson Med. (2014) PMID: 25224577.

  • • Ward BK et al.: “Vestibular stimulation by magnetic fields” Ann N Y Acad Sci. (2015) PMID: 25735662.

  • • Zanotti G et al.: “Subjective symptoms and their evolution in a small group of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) operators recently engaged” Electromagn Biol Med. (2015) PMID: 26444203.

  • • Zanotti G et al.: “Subjective symptoms in Magnetic Resonance Imaging operators: prevalence, short-term evolution and possible related factors” Med Lav. (2016) PMID: 27464899.


  1. (q) Neonatal Incubators

  2. • Bellieni CV et al.: “Electromagnetic fields in neonatal incubators: the reasons for an alert” J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. (2017) PMID: 28988507.

  3. • Bellieni CV et al.: “Electromagnetic fields produced by incubators influence heart rate variability in newborns” Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. (2008) PMID: 18450804.


  1. (r) Photosensitivity, blue light effects, photic responses; see also LEDs

  2. • Bonmati-Carrion MA et al.: “Protecting the melatonin rhythm through circadian healthy light exposure” Int J Mol Sci. (2014) PMID: 25526564.

  3. • Chepesiuk R: “Missing the dark: health effects of light pollution” Environ Health Perspect. (2009) PMID: 19165374; pdf.

  4. • Eriksson N et al.: (2010) “Web-based, participant-driven studies yield novel genetic associations for common traits” PLoS Genet. (2010) PMID: 20585627.

  5. • Everett HC: “Sneezing in response to light” Neurology. (1964)PMID: 14144120; extract.

  6. • Hydén D et al.: “On light-induced sneezing” Eye (Lond). (2009) PMID: 19575036.

  7. • Johansson O et al.: "A case of extreme and general cutaneous light sensitivity in combination with so-called 'screen dermatitis' and 'electrosensitivity' - a successful rehabilitation after vitamin A treatment - a case report", J Aust Coll Nutr & Env Med. (1999) abstract.

  8. • Krishnan HC et al.: “Synchrony and desynchrony in circadian clocks: impacts on learning and memory” Learn Mem. (2015) PMID: 26286653.

  9. • Matynia A et al.: “Peripheral Sensory Neurons Expressing Melanopsin Respond to Light” Front Neural Circuits. (2016) PMID: 27559310.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________



  • • Moseley H et al.: “The risk to normal and photosensitive individuals from exposure to light from compact fluorescent lamps” Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. (2011) Review. PMID: 21535166.

  • • Renard G et al.: “The dangers of blue light: True story!” J Fr Ophtalmol. (2016) French. PMID: 27039979.

  • • Semes LP et al.: “The photic sneeze response: a descriptive report of a clinic population” J Am Optom Assoc. (1995) PMID: 7673597.

  • • van der Meijden WP et al.: “Individual Differences in Sleep Timing Relate to Melanopsin-Based Phototransduction in Healthy Adolescents and Young Adults” Sleep. (2016) PMID: 27091519.


  1. (s) Power Lines, ELF, high frequency voltage transients, magnetic fields


Linesmen working on telephone cables in during the late 19th century showed some of the first specific symptoms associated with electromagnetic exposure. Recently, high frequency voltage transients, or ‘dirty’ electricity, have been associated with similar specific symptoms.

  • • Akerstedt T et al.: “A 50-Hz electromagnetic field impairs sleep” J Sleep Res. (1999) PMID: 10188140. Article.

  • • Balamuralikrishnan B et al.: “Evaluation of chromosomal alteration in electrical workers occupationally exposed to low frequency of electro magnetic field (EMFs) in Coimbatore population, India” Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. (2012) PMID: 22938490. Article.

  • • Blackman CF: “Can EMF exposure during development leave an imprint later in life?” Electromagn Biol Med. (2006) PMID: 17178582.

  • • Carlberg M et al.: “Case-control study on occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and glioma risk” Am J Ind Med. (2017) PMID: 28394434.

  • • Celikler S et al.: “A biomonitoring study of genotoxic risk to workers of transformers and distribution line stations” Int J Environ Health Res. (2009) PMID: 20183199.

  • • Coghill RW et al.: “Extra low frequency electric and magnetic fields in the bedplace of children diagnosed with leukaemia: a case-control study” Eur J Cancer Prev. (1996) PMID: 8818603.

  • • Di Giampaolo L et al.: “Follow up study on the immune response to low frequency electromagnetic fields in men and women working in a museum” Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. (2006) PMID: 17291405.

  • • Fajardo-Gutiérrez A et al.: [Residence close to high-tension electric power lines and its association with leukemia in children] Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. (1993) PMID: 8427647.

  • • Ghadamgahi M et al: “Memory loss risk assessment for the students nearby high-voltage power lines - a case study” Environ Monit Assess. (2016) PMID: 27194231.

  • • Gobba F: “[Subjective non-specific symptoms related with electromagnetic fields: description of 2 cases]” Epidemiol Prev. (2002) Italian. PMID: 12408003.

  • • Gubernskiy YD et al.: “[Hygienic aspects of electromagnetic pollution of indoor environment]” Gig Sanit. (2016) PMID: 27430061.

  • • Guénel P et al.: “Exposure to 50-Hz electric field and incidence of leukemia, brain tumors, and other cancers among French electric utility workers” Am J Epidemiol. (1996) PMID: 8956623.

  • • Havas M (2008) “Dirty electricity elevates blood sugar among electrically sensitive diabetics and may explain brittle diabetes” Electromagn Biol Med. 27(2): 135-146; PMID: 18568931.

  • • Havas M: “Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity: Biological Effects of Dirty Electricity with Emphasis on Diabetes and Multiple Sclerosis” Electromagn Biol Med.(2006) PMID: 17178585.

  • • Havas M et al.: “Power quality affects teacher wellbeing and student behavior in three Minnesota Schools” Sci Total Environ. (2008) PMID: 18556048.

  • • Henshaw DL: “Does our electricity distribution system pose a serious risk to public health?” Med Hypotheses. (2002) PMID: 12160679.

  • • Huang J et al.: “Association between exposure to electromagnetic fields from high voltage transmission lines and neurobehavioral function in children” PLoS One. (2013) PMID: 23843999. PMC3700989.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • Jalilian H et al.: “Occupational exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field and risk of Alzheimer disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis” Neurotoxicology. (2017) PMID: 29278690.

  • • Juutilainen J et al.: “Early pregnancy loss and exposure to 50-Hz magnetic fields” Bioelectromagnetics. (1993) PMID: 8323573.

  • • Kabuto M et al.: “Childhood leukemia and magnetic fields in Japan: a case-control study of childhood leukemia and residential power-frequency magnetic fields in Japan” Int J Cancer. (2006) PMID: 16496405. 10.1002/ijc.21374.

  • • Kunt H et al.: “Effects of electromagnetic radiation exposure on bone mineral density, thyroid, and oxidative stress index in electrical workers” Onco Targets Ther. (2016) PMID: 26929645. PMC4758783.

  • • Li DK et al.: “A population-based prospective cohort study of personal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage” Epidemiology. (2002) PMID: 11805581.

  • • Li DK et al.: “Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study” Sci Rep. (2017) PMID: 29235463.

  • • Li DK et al.: “Maternal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy in relation to the risk of asthma in offspring” Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. (2011) PMID: 21810627.

  • • Li H et al.: “Exosomal Small RNA Sequencing Uncovers the microRNA Dose Markers for Power Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure” Biomarkers. (2018) PMID: 29297241.

  • • Liu H et al.: “Occupational electromagnetic field exposures associated with sleep quality: a cross-sectional study” PLoS One. (2014) PMID: 25340654.

  • • Lowenthal RM et al.: “Residential exposure to electric power transmission lines and risk of lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders: a case-control study” Intern Med J. (2007) PMID: 17543004.

  • • Maisch D et al.: “Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Is prolonged exposure to environmental level powerline frequency electromagnetic fields a co-factor to consider in treatment?” JACNEM. (1998) Article.

  • • Maisch D et al.: “Changes in Health Status in a Group of CFS and CF Patients Following Removal of Excessive 50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure” JACNEM. (2002) Article.

  • • Marino AA et al.: “Hazard at a distance: effects of exposure to the electric and magnetic fields of high voltage transmission lines” Med Res Eng. (1977) PMID: 349303.

  • • Milham S Jr: “Mortality in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields” Environ Health Perspect. (1985) PMID: 4085433. PMC1568699.

  • • Okano H et al.: “The physiological influence of alternating current electromagnetic field exposure on human subjects” IEEE Int Conf SMC. (2017) abstract.

  • • Pedersen C et al.: “Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and risk for central nervous system disease: an update of a Danish cohort study among utility workers” Int Arch Occup Environ Health. (2017) PMID: 28429106.

  • • Passi R et al.: “Electrical Grounding Improves Vagal Tone in Preterm Infants” Neonatology. (2017) PMID: 28601861.

  • • Shamsi Mahmoudabadi F et al.: “Exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields during pregnancy and the risk ofspontaneous abortion: a case-control study” J Res Health Sci. (2013) PMID: 24077469. Article.

  • • Thériault G et al.: “Cancer risks associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric utility workers in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, and France: 1970-1989” Am J Epidemiol. (1994) PMID: 8172168.

  • • Turner MC et al.: “Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and brain tumor risks in the INTEROCC study” Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. (2014) PMID: 24935666. PMC4154968.

  • • Wang Z et al.: “Effects of electromagnetic fields exposure on plasma hormonal and inflammatory pathway biomarkers in male workers of a power plant” Int Arch Occup Environ Health. (2016) PMID: 25808749.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  • • Wang Z et al.: “Effects of electromagnetic fields on serum lipids in workers of a power plant” Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. (2016) PMID: 26423285.

  • • Wang Q et al.: “Residential exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and the association with miscarriage risk: a 2-year prospective cohort study” PLoS One. (2013) PMID: 24312633. PMC3849403.

  • • Zhang D et al.: “Resveratrol may reverse the effects of long-term occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields on workers of a power plant” Oncotarget. (2017) PMID: 28537898; pdf.

  1. (t) Pre-natal Exposure

  2. • Bahreyni Toossi MH et al.: “Exposure to mobile phone (900-1800 MHz) during pregnancy: tissue oxidative stress after childbirth” J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. (2017) PMID: 28434276.

  3. • Birks L et al.: “Maternal cell phone use during pregnancy and child behavioral problems in five birth cohorts” Environ Int. (2017) PMID: 28392066. PMC5506372.

  4. • Divan HA et al: "Prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phone use and behavioral problems in children" Epidemiology (2008) PMID: 18467962.

  5. • Erkut A et al.: “The effect of prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field on calcineurin and bone development in rats” Acta Cir Bras. (2016) PMID: 26959616; pdf.

  6. • Li DK et al.: “A prospective study of in-utero exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of childhood obesity” Sci Rep. (2012) PMID: 22844581. PMC3406339.

  7. • Li DK et al.: “Electric blanket use during pregnancy in relation to the risk of congenital urinary tract anomalies among women with a history of subfertility” Epidemiology. (1995) PMID: 8562623.

  8. • Li DK et al.: “Maternal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy in relation to the risk of asthma in offspring” Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. (2011) PMID: 21810627.

  9. • Lu X et al.: “Association of excessive mobile phone use during pregnancy with birth weight: an adjunct study in Kumamoto of Japan Environment and Children's Study” Environ Health Prev Med. (2017) PMID: 29165149. Article.

  10. • Özorak A et al.: “Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and mobile phone (900 and 1800 MHz)-induced risks on oxidative stress and elements in kidney and testis of rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring” Biol Trace Elem Res. (2013) PMID: 24101576.

  11. • Su XJ et al.: “Correlation between exposure to magnetic fields and embryonic development in the first trimester” PLoS One. (2014) PMID: 24977708. PMC4076237.

  12. • Sudan M et al: "Prenatal and postnatal Cell Phone Exposure and Headaches in Children" Open Pediatr. Med. Journal (2012) PMID: 23750182.

  13. • Yüksel M et al.: “Long-term exposure to electromagnetic radiation from mobile phones and Wi-Fi devices decreases plasma prolactin, progesterone, and estrogen levels but increases uterine oxidative stress in pregnant rats and their offspring” Endocrine. (2016) PMID: 26578367.


  1. (u) Provocation Tests

  2. • Havas M: "Radiation from wireless technology affects the blood, the heart, and the autonomic nervous system" Rev. Environ Health (2013) PMID: 24192494.

  3. • Huttunen P et al.: “FM-radio and TV tower signals can cause spontaneous hand movements near moving RF reflector” Pathophysiology (2009) PMID: 19268549.

  4. • Huttunen P et al.: “Involuntary human hand movements due to FM radio waves in a moving van” Acta Physiol Hung. (2011) PMID: 21616774.

  5. • Köteles F et al: "Idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) and electrosensitivity (ES) - are they connected?" Int J Hyg Environ Health (2013) PMID: 22698789.

  6. • Leitgeb N: “Electromagnetic hypersensitivity” in Proceedings, International Workshop on Electromagnetic Fields and Non-Specific Health Symptoms, Graz, Austria. (COST 244bis: Biomedical Effects of EMFs, WHO, ICNIRP) (1998) pdf.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  • • Leitgeb N et al.: “Electrosensibility and electromagnetic hypersensitivity” Bioelectromagnetics (2003) PMID: 12929157.

  • • McCarty DE et al.: "Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome" Int J Neurosci. (2011) PMID: 21793784.

  • • Rea WJ et al.: "Electromagnetic field sensitivity" J Bioelectricity (1991) (copy).

  1. (v) Radar, radio frequency, short wave and microwave transmitters

  2. • Baste V et al.: “Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring” Eur J Epidemiol. (2008) PMID: 18415687.

  3. • Degrave E et al.: “Causes of death among Belgian professional military radar operators: a 37-year retrospective cohort study” Int J Cancer. (2009) PMID: 19035449.

  4. • Goldsmith JR: “Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects” Environ Health Perspect. (1997) PMID: 9467086.

  5. • Grayson JK: “Radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and brain tumor risk in the US Air Force: a nested case-control study” Am J Epidemiol. (1996) PMID: 8610663.

  6. • Hamburger S et al.: “Occupational exposure to non-ionizing radiation and an association with heart disease: an exploratory study” J Chronic Dis. (1983) PMID: 6643646.

  7. • Møllerløkken OJ et al.: “Is fertility reduced among men exposed to radiofrequency fields in the Norwegian Navy?” Bioelectromagnetics. (2008) PMID: 18240289.

  8. • Mortazavi SM et al.: “Alterations of visual reaction time and short term memory in military radar personnel” Iran J Public Health. (2013) PMID: 23785684.

  9. • Oktay MF et al.: “Occupational safety: effects of workplace radiofrequencies on hearing function” Arch Med Res. (2004) PMID: 15631877.

  10. • Peleg M et al.: “Radio frequency radiation-related cancer: assessing causation in the occupational/military setting” Environ Res. (2018) PMID: 29433020.

  11. • Richter ED et al.: “Brain cancer with induction periods of less than 10 years in young military radar workers” Arch Environ Health. (2002) PMID: 12530592.

  12. • Richter E et al.: “Cancer in radar technicians exposed to radiofrequency/microwave radiation: sentinel episodes” Int J Occup Environ Health. (2000) PMID: 10926722.

  13. • Singh S et al.: “Effect of occupational EMF exposure from radar at two different frequency bands on plasma melatonin and serotonin levels” Int J Radiat Biol. (2015) PMID: 25565559.

  14. • Singh S et al.: “Occupational EMF exposure from radar at X and Ku frequency band and plasma catecholamine levels” Bioelectromagnetics. (2015) PMID: 26058851.

  15. • Suvorov IM: “[Clinical monitoring in areas of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields]” Med Tr Prom Ekol. (2013) PMID: 23785812.

  16. • Szmigielski S: “Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation” Sci Total Environ. (1996) PMID: 8717316.

  17. • Yakymenko I et al.: “Long-term exposure to microwave radiation provokes cancer growth: evidences from radars and mobile communication systems” Exp Oncol. (2011) PMID: 21716201.

  18. • Yu C et al.: “Biological effects and mechanisms of shortwave radiation: a review” Mil Med Res. (2017) PMID: 28729909. PMC5518414.


Thermal and non-thermal effects of radar:

  • • Mitchell JC: “Radiofrequency radiation accident follow-up in the U.S. Air Force [three case studies]” USAF School of Aeropsace Medicine. Aeromedical Review 3-81. (1981) Article.

  • • Servantie B: “Human pathology caused by radar [three case studies]” USAF School of Aeropsace Medicine. Aeromedical Review 3-81. (1981) Article.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  1. (w) Smart Meters

  2. • Lamech F: “Self-Reporting of Symptom Development From Exposure to Radiofrequency Fields of Wireless Smart Meters in Victoria, Australia: A Case Series” Altern Ther Health Med. (2014) PMID: 25478801.

  3. (x) Toys

  4. • Mamrot P et al.: “[Assessment of the safety of toys with special reference to electromagnetic safety in view of binding regulations: a pilot study]” Med Pr. (2005) PMID: 15998001.

  5. (y) Visual Display Terminals (VDT), Visual Display Units (VDU)

  6. • Lindbohm ML et al.: “Magnetic fields of video display terminals and spontaneous abortion” Am J Epidemiol. (1992) PMID: 1462964.

  7. (z) WiFi

  8. • Çelik Ö et al.: “Oxidative stress of brain and liver is increased by Wi-Fi (2.45GHz) exposure of rats during pregnancy and the development of newborns” J Chem Neuroanat. (2015) PMID: 26520617.

  9. • Dasdag S et al.: “Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions” Electromagn Biol Med. (2015) PMID: 24460421.

  10. • Hassanshahi A et al.: “The effect of Wi-Fi electromagnetic waves in unimodal and multimodal object recognition tasks in male rats” Neurol Sci. (2017) PMID: 28332042.

  11. • Ibitayo AO et al.: “RAPD Profiling, DNA Fragmentation, and Histomorphometric Examination in Brains of Wistar Rats Exposed to Indoor 2.5 Ghz Wi-Fi Devices Radiation” Biomed Res Int. (2017) PMID: 28904975.

  12. • Johansson O et al: “Exacerbation of demyelinating syndrome after exposure to wireless modem with public hotspot” Electromagn Biol Med. (2016) PMID: 27355805.

  13. • Kamali K et al.: “Effects of electromagnetic waves emitted from 3G+wi-fi modems on human semen analysis” Urologia. (2017) PMID: 28967061.

  14. • Markov M et al.: “Wi-Fi technology - an uncontrolled global experiment on the health of mankind” Electromagn Biol Med. (2013) PMID: 23675623. Article.

  15. • Marshall TG et al.: “Electrosmog and autoimmune disease” Immunol Res. (2017) PMID: 27412293; pdf.

  16. • Mohammadianinejad SE et al.: “The Effects of Exposure to Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the Treatment of Migraine Headache: A Cohort Study” Electron Physician. (2016) PMID: 28163863. PMC5279981.

  17. • Nazıroğlu M et al.: “Recent reports of Wi-Fi and mobile phone-induced radiation on oxidative stress and reproductive signaling pathways in females and males” J Membr Biol. (2013) PMID: 24105626.

  18. • Othman H et al.: “Effects of prenatal exposure to WIFI signal (2.45GHz) on postnatal development and behavior in rat: Influence of maternal restraint” Behav Brain Res. (2017) PMID: 28288806.

  19. • Özorak A et al.: “Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz)- and mobile phone (900 and 1800 MHz)-induced risks on oxidative stress and elements in kidney and testis of rats during pregnancy and the development of offspring” Biol Trace Elem Res. (2013) PMID: 24101576.

  20. • Paknahad M et al.: “Effect of radiofrequency radiation from Wi-Fi devices on mercury release from amalgam restorations” J Environ Health Sci Eng. (2016) PMID: 27418965.

  21. • Saili L et al.: “Effects of acute exposure to WIFI signals (2.45GHz) on heart variability and blood pressure in Albinos rabbit” Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. (2015) PMID: 26356390.

  22. • Shahin S et al: “2.45 GHz Microwave Radiation Impairs Learning and Spatial Memory via Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Induced p53 Dependent/Independent Hippocampal Apoptosis: Molecular Basis and Underlying Mechanism” Toxicol Sci. (2015) PMID: 26396154.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  • • Topsakal S et al.: “The ameliorative effect of gallic acid on pancreas lesions induced by 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation (Wi-Fi) in young rats” J Rad Res Appl Sci. (2017) doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2017.04.009; pdf.

  1. (aa) Wireless headsets

  2. • Sage C et al.: “Fatal collision? Are wireless headsets a risk in treating patients?” Electromagn Biol Med. (2018) PMID: 29400585.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

4. Specific ES symptoms from, and sensitivity to, natural geomagnetic disturbances

Most life on Earth depends on solar radiation. Solar and other fluctuations cause geomagnetic disturbances which can cause biological effects in plants and animals. These affect people with sensitivity to solar and geomagnetic energy. As with man-made radiation, some people and animals are more sensitive than others, as with Aurora Disturbance Sensitive People (ADSP). Magnetic pulses, magnetic ropes (discovered in 2007) and water content can also enhance biological effects of cosmic ionising rays and may also relate to gravielectric effects.

Websites providing geomagnetic and solar forecasts:

Aurora Forecast

Flarecast.eu

Geomagnetic and Solar Activity Forecast (BGS, NERC)

Geomagnetic Forecast (Laboratory of X-ray astronomy of the Sun, LPI RAS, Russia)

Space Weather Prediction Center (NOAA)

Spaceweather.com

  • • Abdollahi F et al.: “Correlation of multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence trends with solar and geomagnetic indices: Time to revise the method of reporting MS epidemiological data” Iran J Neurol. (2014) PMID: 25295148. PMC4187332.

  • • Acheson ED et al.: “Some comments on the relationship of the distribution of multiple sclerosis to latitude, solar radiation, and other variables” Acta Psychiatrica Scand. (1960) PMID: 13681205. Abstract.

  • • Alabdulgade A et al.: “Human heart rhythm sensitivity to earth local magnetic field fluctuations” J Vibroengineering. (2015) abstract; pdf.

  • • Alabdulgader A et al.: “Long-Term Study of Heart Rate Variability Responses to Changes in the Solar and Geomagnetic Environment” Sci Rep. (2018) PMID: 29422633. PMC5805718.

  • • Azcárate T et al.: “Influence of geomagnetic activity and atmospheric pressure in hypertensive adults” Int J Biometeorol. (2017) PMID: 28357508.

  • • Baevsky RM et al.: “Meta-analyzed heart rate variability, exposure to geomagnetic storms, and the risk of ischemic heart disease” Scr Med (Brno). (1997) PMID: 11543511.

  • • Baevsky RM et al.: “Regulation of autonomic nervous system in space and magnetic storms” Adv Space Res. (1998) PMID: 11541400.

  • • Belisheva NK et al.: “The effect of cosmic rays on biological systems – an investigation during GLE events” Astrophys Space Sci Trans. (2011) Abstract.

  • • Belova NA et al.: “The Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Alternating Magnetic Field on the Behavior of Animals in the Presence of the Geomagnetic Field” J Biophys. (2015) PMID: 26823664; pdf.

  • • Benli AR et al.: “Changing Efficacy of Wet Cupping Therapy in Migraine with Lunar Phase: A Self-Controlled Interventional Study” Med Sci Mon. (2017) DOI: 10.12659/MSM.905199.

  • • Berk M et al.: “Do ambient electromagnetic fields affect behaviour? A demonstration of the relationship between geomagnetic storm activity and suicide” Bioelectromagnetics. (2006) PMID: 16304696.

  • • Bevington M: “Lunar biological effects and the magnetosphere” Pathophysiology (2015) PMID: 26462435.

  • • Binhi VN et al.: “Biological effects of the hypomagnetic field: An analytical review of experiments and theories” PLoS One. (2017) PMID: 28654641; pdf.

  • • Bureau YR et al.: “Decreased latencies for limbic seizures induced in rats by lithium-pilocarpine occur when daily average geomagnetic activity exceeds 20 nanoTesla” Neurosci Lett. (1995) PMID: 7675323.

  • • Chae KS et al.: “Potential Impact of Geomagnetic Field in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases” Front Hum Neurosci. (2017) PMID: 29021752. PMC5623677.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • Chernouss S et al.: “Geophysical hazard for human health in the circumpolar Auroral belt: Evidence of a relationship between heart rate variation and electromagnetic disturbances” Nat Hazards. (2001) Abstract.

  • • Chichinadze G et al.: “[Influence of geomagnetic storms on the balance of autonomic regulatory mechanisms]” Georgian Med News. (2005) PMID: 16234599.

  • • Close J: “Are stress responses to geomagnetic storms mediated by the cryptochrome compass system?” Proc Biol Sci. (2012) PMID: 22418257. PMC3321722.

  • • Cornélissen G et al.: “Blood pressure, heart rate and melatonin cycles synchronization with the season, earth magnetism and solar flares” Scr Med (Brno). (2010) PMID: 21566725. PMC3091818.

  • • Dimitrova S et al.: “Influence of local geomagnetic storms on arterial blood pressure” Bioelectromagnetics. (2004) PMID: 15300726.

  • • Dupont MJ et al.: “Geophysical variables and behavior: XCIX. Reductions in numbers of neurons within the parasolitary nucleus in rats exposed perinatally to a magnetic pattern designed to imitate geomagnetic continuous pulsations: implications for sudden infant death” Percept Mot Skills. (2004) PMID: 15209312.

  • • Dupont MJ et al.: “Reduced litter sizes following 48-h of prenatal exposure to 5 nT to 10 nT,0.5 Hz magnetic fields: implications for sudden infant deaths” Int J Neurosci. (2005) PMID: 15823935.

  • • Feigin VL et al.: “Geomagnetic storms can trigger stroke: evidence from 6 large population-based studies in Europe and Australasia” Stroke. (2014) PMID: 24757102; pdf.

  • • Freund F et al.: “Nature of Pre-Earthquake Phenomena and their Effects on Living Organisms” Animals (Basel). (2013) PMID: 26487415. PMC4494396.

  • • Gurfinkel YI et al.: “Geomagnetic storm under laboratory conditions: randomized experiment” Int J Biometeorol. (2017) PMID: 29030697.

  • • Halberg F et al.: “Time structures (chronomes) of the blood circulation, populations’ health, human affairs and space weather” World Heart J. (2011) abstract; pdf.

  • • Hiscock HG et al.: “The quantum needle of the avian magnetic compass” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (2016) PMID: 27044102.

  • • Hrushesky WJ et al.: “Sunspot dynamics are reflected in human physiology and pathophysiology” Astrobiology. (2011) PMID: 21391821. PMC3063695.

  • • Huttunen P et al.: “Dowsing can be interfered with by radio frequency radiation” Pathophysiology. (2012) PMID: 22365422.

  • • Juckett DA: “Correlation of a 140-year global time signature in cancer mortality birth cohorts with galactic cosmic ray variation” Int J Astrobiol. (2007) Abstract.

  • • Kay RW: “Geomagnetic storms: association with incidence of depression as measured by hospital admission” Br J Psychiatry. (1994) PMID: 8199794.

  • • Kleĭmenova NG et al.: “[Seasonal variations in the myocardial infarction incidence and possible effects of geomagnetic micropulsations on the cardiovascular system in humans]” Biofizika. (2007) PMID: 18225664.

  • • Krylov VV: “Biological effects related to geomagnetic activity and possible mechanisms” Bioelectromagnetics. (2017) PMID: 28636777.

  • • Kvachadze I et al.: “[Vegetative regulatory mechanisms in different Geomagnetic conditions depending on a degree of physical conditioning]” Georgian Med News. (2016) PMID: 27249445.

  • • Leão P et al.: “North-Seeking Magnetotactic Gammaproteobacteria in the Southern Hemisphere” Appl Environ Microbiol. (2016) PMID: 27401974; pdf.

  • • Liboff AR: “Why are living things sensitive to weak magnetic fields? Electromagn Biol Med. (2014) PMID: 23915203; pdf.

  • • Markov AL et al.: “[Vulnerability to atmospheric and geomagnetic factors of the body functions in healthy male dwellers of the Russian North]” Aviakosm Ekolog Med. (2013) PMID: 23814894; Eng. Trans.: Hum Physiol. (2015) abstract.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


  • • Martínez-Bretón JL et al.: “Artificial reproduction of magnetic fields produced by a natural geomagnetic storm increases systolic blood pressure in rats” Int J Biometeorol.(2016) PMID: 27094916.

  • • McCraty R et al.: “Synchronization of Human Autonomic Nervous System Rhythms with Geomagnetic Activity in Human Subjects” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2017) PMID: 28703754; pdf.

  • • Mo WC et al.: “Shielding of the Geomagnetic Field Alters Actin Assembly and Inhibits Cell Motility in Human Neuroblastoma Cells” Sci Rep. (2016) PMID: 27029216.

  • • Mulligan BP et al.: “Experimental simulation of the effects of sudden increases in geomagnetic activity upon quantitative measures of human brain activity: validation of correlational studies” Neurosci Lett. (2012) PMID: 22484013.

  • • Natan E et al.: “The symbiotic magnetic-sensing hypothesis: do Magnetotactic Bacteria underlie the magnetic sensing capability of animals?” Mov Ecol. (2017) PMID: 29085642; pdf.

  • • Nishimura T et al.: “Stronger geomagnetic fields may be a risk factor of male suicides” Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. (2014) PMID: 24612477.

  • • O'Connor RP et al.: “Geophysical variables and behavior: LXXXII. A strong association between sudden infant death syndrome and increments of global geomagnetic activity--possible support for the melatonin hypothesis” Percept Mot Skills. (1997) PMID: 9106826.

  • • O'Connor RP et al.: “Geophysical variables and behavior: LXXXV. Sudden infant death, bands of geomagnetic activity, and pc1 (0.2 to 5 HZ) geomagnetic micropulsations” Percept Mot Skills. (1999) PMID: 10483626.

  • • Oraevskiĭ VN et al.: “[Effect of geomagnetic activity on the functional status of the body]” Biofizika. (1998) PMID: 9914843.

  • • Otsuka K et al.: “Alternating light-darkness-influenced human electrocardiographic magnetoreception in association with geomagnetic pulsations” Biomed Pharmacother. (2001) PMID: 11774870.

  • • Ozheredov VA et al.: “Influence of geomagnetic activity and earth weather changes on heart rate and blood pressure in young and healthy population” Int J Biometeorol. (2017) PMID: 27878388.

  • • Ozheredov VA et al.: “[Influence of some weather factors and the geomagnetic activity on the development of severe cardiological pathologies]” Biofizika. (2010) PMID: 20184151.

  • • Palmer SJ et al.: ”Solar and geomagnetic activity, extremely low frequency magnetic and electric fields and human health at the Earth’s surface” Surv Geophys. (2006) Article.

  • • Panagopoulos DJ et al.: “On the biophysical mechanism of sensing atmospheric discharges by living organisms” Sci Total Environ. (2017) PMID: 28558424.

  • • Papathanasopoulos P et al.: “The possible effects of the solar and geomagnetic activity on multiple sclerosis” Clin Neurol Neurosurg. (2016) PMID: 27161905.

  • • Persinger MA: “Enhancement of limbic seizures by nocturnal application of experimental magnetic fields that simulate the magnitude and morphology of increases in geomagnetic activity” Int J Neurosci. (1996) PMID: 8884398.

  • • Persinger MA: “Geomagnetic variables and behavior: LXXXIII. Increased geomagnetic activity and group aggression in chronic limbic epileptic male rats” Percept Mot Skills. (1997) PMID: 9450296.

  • • Persinger MA et al.: “Geophysical variables and behavior: CIII. Days with sudden infant deaths and cardiac arrhythmias in adults share a factor with PC1 geomagnetic pulsations: implications for pursuing mechanism” Percept Mot Skills. (2001) PMID: 11453188.

  • • Persinger MA et al.: “Sudden unexpected death in epileptics following sudden, intense, increases in geomagneticactivity: prevalence of effect and potential mechanisms” Int J Biometeorol. (1995) PMID: 7601551.

  • • Persinger MA: “Wars and increased solar-geomagnetic activity: aggression or change in intraspecies dominance?” Percept Mot Skills. (1999) PMID: 10485122.

  • • Piccardi G et al.: “The 22-year solar cycle and chemical tests” J Interdiscip Cycle Res. (1972) link.

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  • • Pinzon-Rodriguez A et al.: “Zebra finches have a light-dependent magnetic compass similar to migratory birds” J Exp Biol. (2017) PMID: 28356366.

  • • Podolská K: “The Impact of Ionospheric and Geomagnetic Changes on Mortality from Diseases of the Circulatory System” J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. (2017) PMID: 29074064.

  • • Rapoport SI et al.: “[Geomagnetic pulsations and myocardial infarctions]” Ter Arkh. (2006) PMID: 16821424.

  • • Rapoport SI et al.: “[Melatonin as a most important factor of natural electromagnetic fields impacting patients with hypertensive disease and coronary heart disease. Part 1]” Klin Med (Mosk). (2011) PMID: 21861395.

  • • Rapoport SI et al.: “[Melatonin as a most important factor in the action of weak natural magnetic fields on patients with hypertensive disease and coronary heart disease. Part 2]” Klin Med (Mosk). (2011) PMID: 21932552.

  • • Rapoport SI et al.: “[Melatonin production in hypertonic patients during magnetic storms]” Ter Arkh. (2001) PMID: 11858104.

  • • Rouleau N et al.: “Electromagnetic fields as structure-function zeitgebers in biological systems: environmental orchestrations of morphogenesis and consciousness” Front Integr Neurosci. (2014) PMID: 25426035; pdf.

  • • Rozhkov VN et al.: [“Psychophysiological and cardiohemodynamic effects of solar, geomagnetic and meteorological factors in man living in Arctic area”] Fiziol Cheloveka. (2014) Russian. PMID: 25707219.

  • • Sajedi SA et al.: “Geomagnetic disturbances may be environmental risk factor for multiple sclerosis: an ecological study of 111 locations in 24 countries” BMC Neurol. (2012) PMID: 22998435.

  • • Sajedi SA et al.: “Which Environmental Factor Is Correlated with Long-Term Multiple Sclerosis Incidence Trends: Ultraviolet B Radiation or Geomagnetic Disturbances?” Mult Scler Int. (2017) PMID: 29204297. PMC5674510.

  • • Saroka KS et al.: “Similar Spectral Power Densities Within the Schumann Resonance and a Large Population of Quantitative Electroencephalographic Profiles: Supportive Evidence for Koenig and Pobachenko” PLoS One. (2016) PMID: 26785376. PMC4718669.

  • • Schienle A et al.: “Atmospheric electromagnetism: individual differences in brain electrical response to simulated sferics” Int J Psychophysiol. (1996) PMID: 8792205.

  • • Shaposhnikov D et al.: “The influence of meteorological and geomagnetic factors on acute myocardial infarction and brain stroke in Moscow, Russia” Int J Biometeorol. (2014) PMID: 23700198.

  • • Simmons SL et al.: “South-seeking magnetotactic bacteria in the Northern Hemisphere” Science. (2006) PMID: 16424338; pdf.

  • • St-Pierre LS et al.: “Experimental induction of intermale aggressive behavior in limbic epileptic rats by weak, complex magnetic fields: implications for geomagnetic activity and the modern habitat?” Int J Neurosci. (1998) PMID: 10069616.

  • • Stoupel EG et al.: “Space weather and human deaths distribution: 25 years' observation (Lithuania, 1989-2013)” J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. (2015) PMID: 26068901.

  • • Tada H: “Association of geomagnetic disturbances and suicides in Japan, 1999-2010” Environ Health Prev Med. (2014) PMID: 24005993.

  • • Timofejeva I et al.: “Identification of a Group's Physiological Synchronization with Earth's Magnetic Field” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2017) PMID: 28862697; pdf.

  • • Vaitl D et al.: “Headache and sferics” Headache. (2001) PMID: 11703470.

  • • Villoresi G et al: “[Myocardial infarct and geomagnetic disturbances: analysis of data on morbidity and mortality]” Biofizika (1998) PMID: 9783069.

  • • Walach H et al.: “Sferics and headache: a prospective study” Cephalalgia. (2001) PMID: 11531901.

  • • Zaporozhan V et al.: “Mechanisms of geomagnetic field influence on gene expression using influenza as a model system: basics of physical epidemiology” Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2010) PMID: 20617011; pdf.

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  • • Zenchehko TA et al.: “[Relation between microcirculation parameters and Pc3 geomagnetic pulsations]” Biofizika. (2010) PMID: 20968090.

  • • Zenchenko TA et al.: “[The dynamics of pulse rate and biochemical parameters in blood of healthy individuals in relation to Pc5-6 geomagnetic pulsations]” Biofizika. (2015) PMID: 26016037.

  • • Zhang HT et al.: “Shielding of the geomagnetic field reduces hydrogen peroxide production in human neuroblastoma cell and inhibits the activity of CuZn superoxide dismutase” Protein Cell. (2017) PMID: 28447293; pdf.

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5. Earthing and Grounding

Earthing and Grounding, where the body takes negative ions from the surface of the Earth, also relate to anti-oxidant studies and studies dealing with oxidative stress, as well as the body’s biofield.

The practice of Earthing or Grounding is discouraged where the Earth has high electric fields and high frequency voltage transients caused by return currents. This is common in parts of Canada and the USA and can sometimes occur on the Earth of home wiring anywhere.

  • • Applewhite R: “The effectiveness of a conductive patch and a conductive bed pad in reducing induced human body voltage via the application of earth ground” Europ Biol Bioelectromagnetics. (2005) pdf.

  • • Brown D et al.: “Pilot study on the effect of grounding on delayed-onset muscle soreness” J Altern Complement Med. (2010) PMID: 20192911.

  • • Brown R et al.: “Grounding the human body during yoga exercise with a grounded yoga mat reduces blood viscosity” Open Journal of Preventive Medicine. (2015) pdf.

  • • Chevalier G: “Changes in pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygenation, perfusion index, skin conductance, and their variability induced during and after grounding human subjects for 40 minutes” J Altern Complement Med. (2010) PMID: 20064020.

  • • Chevalier G: “The effect of grounding the human body on mood” Psychol Rep. (2015) PMID: 25748085.

  • • Chevalier G et al.: “Earthing: health implications of reconnecting the human body to the Earth's surface electrons” J Environ Public Health. (2012) PMID: 22291721.

  • • Chevalier G et al.: “Earthing (grounding) the human body reduces blood viscosity-a major factor in cardiovascular disease” J Altern Complement Med. (2013) PMID: 22757749.

  • • Ghaly M et al.: “The biologic effects of grounding the human body during sleep as measured by cortisol levels and subjective reporting of sleep, pain, and stress” J Altern Complement Med. (2004) PMID: 15650465.

  • • Hammerschlag R et al.: “Biofield Physiology: A Framework for an Emerging Discipline” Glob Adv Health Med. (2015) PMID: 26665040. PMC4654783.

  • • Hillman D: “Effects of Extraneous Electricity on Dairy Cattle, Other Animals, and Humans - A Guide for Dairymen, Veterinarians, and Investigators of Stray Voltage” J Vet Sci Med Diagn. (2014) abstract.

  • • Hillman D et al.: “Electric and magnetic fields (emf) affect milk production and behavior of cows: results using shielded-neutral isolation transformer” 12th International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals, Michigan State University, MI; (2004) pdf.

  • • Hillman D et al.: “Relationship of electric power quality to milk production of dairy herds - field study with literature review” Sci Total Environ. (2013) PMID: 23416176.

  • • Milham S et al.: “Tumor-specific frequencies and ocular melanoma” Biol Med. (2017) PMID: 27552371.

  • • Ober AC: “Grounding the human body to neutralize bio-electrical stress from static electricity and EMFs” Energ Sustain Dev J. (2000) Article.

  • • Ober AC: “Grounding the human body to earth reduces chronic inflammation and related chronic pain” Energ Sustain Dev J. (2003) Article.

  • • Ober AC et al.: “Does grounding the human body to earth reduce chronic inflammation and related chronic pain?” Europ Bioelectromagn Assoc. Budapest. (2003) Article.

  • • Oschman JL: “Our place in nature: Reconnecting with the earth for better sleep” J Altern Complement Med. (2004) PMID: 15650460. Article.

  • • Oschman JL: “Chronic disease: are we missing something?” J Altern Complement Med. (2011) PMID: 21438673. PMC3151462.

  • • Oschman JL: “Can electrons act as antioxidants? A review and commentary” J Alten Complement Med. (2007) PMID: 18047442. Article.

  • • Oschman JL: “Charge transfer in the living matrix” J Bodyw Mov Ther. (2009) PMID: 19524846.

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  • • OschmanJL et al.: “Biophysics of Earthing (Grounding) the Human Body” in Rosch PJ (ed.) Bioelectromagnetic and Subtle Energy Medicine (2nded.) CRC Press: Taylor & Francis; (2015) pdf.

  • • Oschman JL et al.: “The effects of grounding (earthing) on inflammation, the immune response, wound healing, and prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases” J Inflamm Res. (2015) PMID: 25848315.

  • • Passi R et al.: “Electrical Grounding Improves Vagal Tone in Preterm Infants” Neonatology. (2017) PMID: 28601861.

  • • Rohde MK et al.: “The Association between Residence Floor Level and Cardiovascular Disease: The Health and Environment in Oslo Study” J Environ Public Health. (2016) PMID: 28053608.

  • • Sinatra ST et al.: “Electric Nutrition: The Surprising Health and Healing Benefits of Biological Grounding (Earthing)” Altern Ther Health Med. (2017) PMID: 28987038.

  • • Sokal K et al.: “Earthing the human organism influences bioelectrical processes” J Altern Complement Med. (2012) PMID: 22420736.

  • • Sokal P et al.: “Differences in Blood Urea and Creatinine Concentrations in Earthed and Unearthed Subjects during Cycling Exercise and Recovery” Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2013) PMID: 24066011.

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6. Shielding (buildings and clothing) and Treatment

(a) Shielding: buildings There has been much research into how buildings can be made protective against electromagnetic energy. This has particularly involved development of concrete with mixes of material materials to reduce the permittivity of cement mixtures. Materials tested include carbon black, carbon fibre, carbonaceous nano/micro inerts, chlorinated polyethylene/carbon nanofiber nanocomposites, ferrite–paraffin polymer composites, flexible graphite or submicron graphite particles, fly ash, graphene oxide/ferrofluid/cement composites, magnetite, Mn–Zn ferrite, multi-walled carbon nanotube cement composites, nano-titanium dioxide and nickel-coated carbon nanofiber, thermoplastic natural rubber filled magnetite nanocomposites, steel slag, and stainless steel fibers of diameter 8 μm and length 6 mm. The last, steel fibers, showed a shielding effectiveness of 70 dB at 1.5 GHz, while ferrite–paraffin polymer composites reached −46.60 dB at 10.5 GHz for an absorber thickness of 2 mm.

  • • Bantsisa G et al.: “Comparison of low cost shielding-absorbing cement paste building materials in X-band frequency range using a variety of wastes” Ceram Int. (2012) Crossref.

  • • Baoyi L et al.: “The electromagnetic characteristics of fly ash and absorbing properties of cement-based composites using fly ash as cement replacement” Construct Build Materials. (2012) Abstract.

  • • Bayrakdar H: “Complex permittivity, complex permeability and microwave absorption properties of ferrite–paraffin polymer composites” J Magn Magn Mater. (2011) Crossref.

  • • Cao JY et al.: “Colloidal graphite as an admixture in cement and as a coating on cement for electromagnetic interference shielding” Cement Concr Res. (2003) Crossref.

  • • Cao JY et al.: “Use of fly ash as an admixture for electromagnetic interference shielding” Cement Concr Res. (2004) Crossref.

  • • Chung DDL: “Carbon materials for structural self-sensing, electromagnetic shielding and thermal interfacing” Carbon. (2012) Crossref.

  • • Dai YW et al.: “Electromagnetic wave absorbing characteristics of carbon black cement-based composites” Cement Concr Res. (2010) Crossref.

  • • Dai YS et al.: “Radar-wave absorbing property of cement-based composite doped with steel slag” J Chin Ceram Soc. (2009) Crossref.

  • • Fan Y et al.: “Utilization of Stainless-steel Furnace Dust as an Admixture for Synthesis of Cement-based Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Composites” Sci Rep. (2017) Article.

  • • Guan HT et al.: “Cement based electromagnetic shielding and absorbing building materials” Cement Concr Compos. (2006) Crossref.

  • • Hasted JB et al.: “Microwave absorption by water in building materials” Br J Appl Phys. (1964) Abstract.

  • • Huang YB et al.: “Electromagnetic properties of high ferric oxide fly ash” J Build Mater. (2010) Crossref.

  • • Khushnood RA et al.: “Improvement in electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of cement composites using carbonaceous nano/micro inerts” Constr Build Mater. (2015) Crossref.

  • • Kong I et al.: “Magnetic and microwave absorbing properties of magnetite–thermoplastic natural rubber nanocomposites” J Magn Magn Mater. (2010) Crossref.

  • • Li BY et al.: “The electromagnetic characteristics of fly ash and absorbing properties of cement-based composites using fly ash as cement replacement” Constr Build Mater. (2012) Crossref.

  • • Li Z et al.: “Effect of nano-titanium dioxide on mechanical and electrical properties and microstructure of reactive powder concrete” Mater Res Express. (2017) IOPscience.

  • • Lu LN et al.: “TiO2 containing electromagnetic wave absorbing aggregate and its application in concrete” Constr Build Mater. (2017) Crossref.

  • • Mondal S et al.: “Highly conductive and flexible nano-structured carbon-based polymer nanocomposites with improved electromagnetic-interference-shielding performance” Mater Res Express. (2017) Abstract.

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  • • Prasad A et al.: “Effective permittivity of random composite media: a comparative study” Physica B. (2007) Crossref.

  • • Sachdev VK et al.: “Electromagnetic Shielding Performance Of Graphite In Cement Matrix For Applied Application” Advanc Mater Letters. (2015) Abstract.

  • • Schooneveld H et al: “Electromagnetic field reduction restores health of electro-sensitive people” Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) Foundation, The Netherlands, 3rd ed. (2016).

  • • Shah MA et al.: “Microwave absorption by water in building materials: Aerated concrete” Br J Appl Phys. (1965) abstract.

  • • Singh AP et al.: “Graphene oxide/ferrofluid/cement composites for electromagnetic interference shielding application” Nanotechnology. (2011) Crossref.

  • • Singh AP et al.: “Multiwalled carbon nanotube/cement composites with exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding properties” Carbon. (2013) Crossref.

  • • Vizi GN et al.: “Building materials and electromagnetic radiation: The role of material and shape” J Build Eng. (2016) Abstract. Article.

  • • Wang BM et al.: “Electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/cement composites” Constr Build Mater. (2013) Crossref.

  • • Wang ZJ et al.: “Freezing–thawing effects on electromagnetic wave reflectivity of carbon fiber cement based composites” Constr Build Mater. (2014) Crossref.

  • • Wen SH et al.: “Electromagnetic interference shielding reaching 70 dB in steel fiber cement” Cement Concr Res. (2004) Crossref. Article.

  • • Xie S et al.: “Effect of 3D woven fabrics on the microwave absorbing and mechanical properties of gypsum composites using carbon black as an absorbent” Mater Res Express. (2017) IOPscience.

  • • Zhang XZet al.: “Microwave absorbing properties of double-layer cementitious composites containing Mn–Zn ferrite” Cement Concr Compos. (2010) Crossref.


(b) Shielding: clothing Traditionally, fabric with silver wire inserted was used for clothing and nets. Research progresses on the use of stainless steel fibres and similar materials in a variety of weaves.

  • • Chen HC et al.: “Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Shielding Properties of Co-weaving-knitting Fabrics Reinforced Composites” Compo. Part A: Appl Sci Manufacturing. (2004) Crossref.

  • • Chen HC et al.: “Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Copper/Stainless Steel/Polyamide Fiber Co-Woven-Knitted Fabric Reinforced Polypropylene Composites” J Reinforced Plast Composites. (2008) Abstract.

  • • Cheng KB et al.: “Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of copper/glass fibers knitted fabric reinforced polypropylene composites” Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufacturing. (2000) Crossref.

  • • Cheng KB et al.: “Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Stainless Steel/Polyester Woven Fabrics” Textile Res J. (2001) Abstract.

  • • Cheng L et al.: “Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and mathematical model of stainless steel composite fabric” J Text Instit. (2015) Abstract.

  • • Das A et al.: “Effect of various parameters on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of textile fabrics” Indian J Fibre Text Res. (2009) Article.

  • • Duran D et al.: “Electromagnetic shielding characterization of conductive woven fabrics produced with silver-containing yarns” Text Res J. (2015) Abstract.

  • • Ozen MS: “Investigation of the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of carded and needle bonded nonwoven fabrics produced at different ratios with conductive steel fibers” J Eng Fibers Fabr. (2015) Article.

  • • Ozen MS et al.: “Investigation of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of needle punched nonwoven fabric produced from conductive silver coated staple polyamide fibre” J Text Instit. (2016) Abstract.

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  • • Palanisamy S et al: “Study on textile comfort properties of polypropylene blended stainless steel woven fabric for the application of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness” IOP Conf Ser.: Mater Sci Eng. (2017) Article.

  • • Safarova V et al.: “Electromagnetic field shielding fabrics with increased comfort properties” Adv Mat Res. (2013) Article.

  • • Su CI et al.: “Effect of stainless steel containing fabrics on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness” Text Res J. (2004) Abstract.

  • • Tezel S et al.: “Comparison of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of conductive single jersey fabrics with coaxial transmission line and free space measurement techniques” Text Res J. (2014) Abstract.


(c) Treatment Most doctors advocate elimination or reduction of exposure to electromagnetic energy as the first protocol in the treatment of electrosensitivity. This may involve the removal of sources of electromagnetic energy, or protection and shielding from them.

  • • Belyaev I et al.: “EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses” Rev Environ Health. (2016) PMID: 27454111; pdf.

  • • Hagström M et al: "Electromagnetic hypersensitive Finns: Symptoms, perceived sources and treatments, a questionnaire study" Pathophysiology.(2013) PMID: 23557856; pdf.

  • • Hagström M et al: “Reducing electromagnetic irradiation and fields alleviates experienced health hazards of VDU work” Pathophysiology. (2013) PMID: 22364840.

  • • Heuser G: "EMF/EHS Induced Injury and Sensitivity: Evaluation and Treatment" (pdf)

  • • Heuser G: Testing Protocol.

  • • Schooneveld H et al: “Electromagnetic field reduction restores health of electro-sensitive people” Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) Foundation, The Netherlands, 3rd ed. (2016).

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7. Living with EHS: Functional impairment, socio-economic effects, human rights; Use of meters

Functional impairment, socio-economic effects, human rights:

  • • Budzinski BI et al: "White zones", free from mobile phone coverage – unrealistic or required by law?” Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht (2015) trans.

  • • Crumpler S: “MCS and EHS: An Australian Perspective” Ecopsychology. (2017) link.

  • • D'Agnolo L: “Are “Wi-Fi Allergies” an Impairment Covered by the ADA?” Nat Law Rev. (2017) article.

  • • Eberle S: “An Underworld Journey: Learning to Cope with Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity” Ecopsychology. (2017) link.

  • • Evans J: “Displaced by Chemical and Electrical Hypersensitivities” Ecopsychology. (2017) link.

  • • Gibson PR: “Introduction to the Special Issue on Environmental Sensitivities: Living on the Margins with Access Denied” Ecopsychology. (2017) link.

  • • Gibson PR et al.: “Unmet health care needs for persons with environmental sensitivity” J Multidiscip Healthc. (2015) PMID: 25670904; pdf.

  • • Johansson O: “Electrohypersensitivity: a functional impairment due to an inaccessible environment” Rev Environ Health (2015) PMID: 26613327; pdf.

  • • Johansson O.: "Electrohypersensitivity; State-of-the-Art of a Functional Impairment" El Biol & Med. (2006) PMID: 17178584.

  • • Kato Y et al.: “Reported functional impairments of electrohypersensitive Japanese: A questionnaire survey” Pathophysiology. (2012) PMID: 22458999.

  • • Massey KA: “The Challenge of Nonionizing Radiation: A Proposal for Legislation” Duke Law J. (1979) pdf.

  • • Richman R et al.: “A pilot neighborhood study towards establishing a benchmark for reducing electromagnetic field levels within single family residential dwellings” Sci Total Environ. (2014) PMID: 23962434.

  • • Roda C et al.: “Mobile phone infrastructure regulation in Europe: Scientific challenges and human rights protection” Environ Sci Policy. (2014) Abstract. Article.

  • • Stenberg B et al.: “Medical and social prognosis for patients with perceived hypersensitivity to electricity and skin symptoms related to the use of visual display terminals” Scand J Work Environ Health (2002) PMID: 12432989; pdf.


Use of meters:

  • • Dieudonné M: “L’instrumentation profane. Sur l’usage d’instruments de mesure des champs électro-magnétiques par les personnes électro-hypersensibles” [Lay InstrumentationOn Electro-hypersensitive Persons’ Use of Electromagnetic Field Measuring Devices] Rev d'anthropologie des connaissances. (2016) Abstract.

  • • Milham S: “An off-the-shelf meter for measuring body amperage: A new gold standard for epidemiologic studies?” Electromagn Biol Med. (2017) PMID: 28650676; pdf.

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8. Legislation relevant to EHS:

European and International Resolutions Global health

Nuremberg Code

UK early health retirement and DWP support allowances

UK disability and equality legislation

UK EMF legislation

UK health & safety legislation

United Nations

USA accommodation for people with EHS

European and International Resolutions:

  • • Council of Europe: Resolution 1815 (Parliamentary Assembly, 2011) Point 8.1.4: "Pay particular attention to 'electrosensitive' people who suffer from a syndrome of intolerance to electromagnetic fields and introduce special measures to protect them, including the creation of wave-free areas not covered by the wireless network."

  • • European Union: Parliamentary Resolution (2008/2211(INI)) (2009) Point 28: "Calls on Member States to follow the example of Sweden and to recognise persons that suffer from electrohypersensitivity as being disabled so as to grant them adequate protections as well as equal opportunities."

  • • European Union: PECCEM: (October 25 2016): "Open letter to the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC): to repair the damage caused by the conflicts of interest and procedural irregularities in its midst arising from the adoption of the counter-opinion on electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS)"

  • • International Justice Resource Centre: Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Accessibility: "As long as goods, products and services are open or provided to the public, they must be accessible to all, regardless of whether they are owned and/or provided by a public authority or a private enterprise.” "The strict application of universal design to all new goods, products, facilities, technologies and services should ensure full, equal and unrestricted access for all potential consumers, including persons with disabilities, in a way that takes full account of their inherent dignity and diversity."


Global Health:

  • • Hyland GJ: “Environmental Impact of Electrosmog” in: Clements-Croome D (ed.): “Electromagnetic Environments and Health in Buildings” Spon Press, Taylor & Francis (2004) p.162.

  • • Oberfeld G: ”Precaution in Action - Global Public Health Advice Following BioInitiative 2007” Bionitiative (2012) pdf.


Nuremberg Code:

For the general public, (i) the absence of definitive findings about the long-term health effects of exposure to EM energy, and (ii) the absence of knowledge and voluntary consent about enforced irradiation with EM exposure, suggest that governments are indulging in a massive health experiment without voluntary and informed consent, contravening the Nuremberg Code of 1947.

Ten principles of the Nuremberg Code:

1. Required is the voluntary, well-informed, understanding consent of the human subject in a full legal capacity.

2. The experiment should aim at positive results for society that cannot be procured in some other way.

3. It should be based on previous knowledge (e.g., an expectation derived from animal experiments) that justifies the experiment.

4. The experiment should be set up in a way that avoids unnecessary physical and mental suffering and injuries.

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5. It should not be conducted when there is any reason to believe that it implies a risk of death or disabling injury.

6. The risks of the experiment should be in proportion to (that is, not exceed) the expected humanitarian benefits.

7. Preparations and facilities must be provided that adequately protect the subjects against the experiment’s risks.

8. The staff who conduct or take part in the experiment must be fully trained and scientifically qualified.

9. The human subjects must be free to immediately quit the experiment at any point when they feel physically or mentally unable to go on.

10. Likewise, the medical staff must stop the experiment at any point when they observe that continuation would be dangerous.


The Nuremberg Code

UK allowances and health retirement:

The following have been awarded in the UK since 2012 to people with EHS, including Department of Work (DWP) and Pensions allowances:

  • • Early retirement on health grounds

  • • ESA (Employment and Support Allowance)

  • • JSA (Job Seeker’s Allowance) exemptions

  • • PIP (Personal Independence Payment) see ES-UK Newsletters


UK disability and equality legislation:

  • • Equality Act 2010

  • • Equality Act: Recruitment

  • • Flexible Working Regulations (2014)


UK EMF legislation:

  • • HSE: “Electromagnetic Fields at Work: A guide to the Control of EMFs at Work Regulations: 2016”,


UK health & safety legislation:

  • • Health and Safety at Work Act 1974


United Nations:

Basic human rights, such as choosing where to live and work, are often denied for people with EHS.

  • • United Nations: "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" (2006)

  • • United Nations: "The Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities" (1993)

  • • United Nations: "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights" (1948)


USA accommodation for people with EHS:

  • • USA’s Department of Labor: Job Accommodation Network (JAN)

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


9. Diagnostic markers

Physiological objective markers for EHS are becoming well established and now include:

- 3d fMRI brain scans showing changes in blood flow

- cerebral blood perfusion scans

- genetic variants up to 10 times more common

- markers such as heat shock protein, melatonin, saliva alpha amylase


  • • Andrianome S et al.: “Increasing levels of saliva alpha amylase in electrohypersensitive (EHS) patients” Int J Radiat Biol. (2017) PMID: 28466664.

  • • Austrian Medical Association: “Guideline of the Austrian Medical Association for the diagnosis and treatment of EMF related health problems and illnesses (EMF syndrome)” (2012) pdf.

  • • Belpomme D et al: “Reliable disease biomarkers characterizing and identifying electrohypersensitivity and multiple chemical sensitivity as two etiopathogenic aspects of a unique pathological disorder” Rev Environ Health (2015) PMID: 26613326; pdf.

  • • Belyaev I et al.: "EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses" Rev Environ Health (2016) PMID: 27454111; pdf.

  • • De Luca C et al: "Metabolic and genetic screening of electromagnetic hypersensitivity subjects as a feasible tool for diagnostics and intervention" Mediators Inflamm. (2014) PMID: 24812443; pdf.

  • • Heuser G et al.: “Functional brain MRI in patients complaining of electrohypersensitivity after long term exposure to electromagnetic fields” Rev Environ Health. (2017) PMID: 28678737; pdf. Heuser G et al.: “Corrigendum” Rev Environ Health. (2017) PMID: 29206645.

  • • Heuser G: Testing Protocol.

  • • Nordic Council of Ministers: “The Nordic Adaptation of Classification of Occupationally Related Disorders (Diseases and Symptoms) to ICD-10” (2000) pdf; p.33 (ICD-10.R68.8), p.55.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


10. Biological safety guidelines; criticism of heating-only guidelines; actual levels

(a) Necessity of biological safety guidelines for sensitive people

(b) Biological safety guidelines

(c) Objective biological safety guidelines

(i) Radiofrequency safety guideline markers (ii) Power line safety guideline markers

(d) Criticism of heating safety guidelines: FCC, WHO and ICNIRP

(e) Appeal to UN and WHO for biological safety guidelines

(f) Biological long-term safety guidelines

(g) Heating short-term guidelines (6 minutes)

(h) Natural levels

(i) Typical exposure levels (j) Risk assessment for EHS and related EM effects (k) Utilitarian ‘cost’ argument; difference between:

(i) Stochastic cancer death risk from ionising radiation, and (ii) Deterministic EHS ‘living death’ risk from non-ionising radiation (l) Subservience of WHO to IAEA on radiation (m) UK’s switch from AGNIR to COMARE

(n) Radio frequency radiation safety guidelines (chart)

(a) Necessity if biological safety guidelines for sensitive people

Biological guidelines for electromagnetic exposure need to cover particularly vulnerable members of the general public, such as children, the ill, the elderly and those sensitive or intolerant to such EM exposure.

The WHO’s private group ICNIRP has instructed governments that they need to adopt non-thermal guidelines to protect such people, and especially “certain sensitive individuals”. The UK says that it follows ICNIRP but it has not followed this advice yet.

  • • ICNIRP: “General approach to protection against non-ionizing radiation” Health Phys. (2002) PMID: 11906144.


“Different groups in a population may have differences in their ability to tolerate a particular Non-Ionizing Radiation (NIR) exposure. For example, children, the elderly, and some chronically ill people might have a lower tolerance for one or more forms of NIR exposure than the rest of the population. Under such circumstances, it may be useful or necessary to develop separate guideline levels for different groups within the general population, but it may be more effective to adjust the guidelines for the general population to include such groups.”

"Some guidelines may still not provide adequate protection for certain sensitive individuals nor for normal individuals exposed concomitantly to other agents, which may exacerbate the effect of the NIR exposure, an example being individuals with photosensitivity."

  • • UK’s Health & Safety Executive’s Guide: Control of Electromagnetic Fields at Work Regulations 2016:


‘Employees at particular risk’: sections 49-61; pages 17-22:

“You must give special consideration to the safety of employees at particular risk (even if you are in compliance with the exposure limits).” (section 49, page 17)

Risks for employees at particular risk can be at non-thermal levels, including WiFi, Bluetooth, mobile phones and cordless phones, for pregnant women and those with active or passive medical implants, even when the employer has provided an environment in compliance with the ICNIRP heating-only guidelines. Employees intolerant of electromagnetic exposures are likely to be “at particular risk”. STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

Employers, once notified, have to undertake a risk assessment and then take special consideration of such employees.

  • • Statutory Instruments (2016): No. 588 HEALTH AND SAFETY: The Control of Electromagnetic Fields at Work Regulations 2016.


(Non-thermal electromagnetic sensitivity symptoms: Part 1: “employee at particular risk” means: (a) “an employee who has declared to his or her employer a condition which may lead to a higher susceptibility to the potential effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields.” (p.2)

Part 1: 2 (b) “non-thermal effects, related to the stimulation of nerves or sensory organs due to the presence of electromagnetic fields.” (p.8)

Part 2: Direct biophysical effects of exposure Action levels – non-thermal effects (p.9)

Exposure limit values: non-thermal effects: Table ELV1: (b) “protection measures have been adopted which minimise, so far as is reasonably practicable, the sensory effects related to movement in static magnetic fields, including nausea and vertigo.” (p.11)

  • • Directive 2013/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields):


Electromagnetic intolerance symptoms: Article 2(b) (ii) “Non-thermal effects, such as the stimulation of muscles, nerves or sensory organs. These effects might have a detrimental effect on the mental and physical health of exposed workers. Moreover, the stimulation of sensory organs may lead to transient symptoms, such as vertigo or phosphenes. These effects might create temporary annoyance or affect cognition or other brain or muscle functions, and may thereby affect the ability of a worker to work safely (i.e. safety risks).”

  • • Gandhi OP et al.: “Exposure limits: the underestimation of absorbed cell phone radiation, especially in children” Electromagn Biol Med. (2012) PMID: 21999884. Article. o 10 nanoTesla (magnetic fields, 50 Hz),

  • o 0.006 Volts/metre (peak electric fields, microwave frequencies),

  • o 1 Volt/metre (electric fields, 50 Hz).

(b) Biological safety guidelines

Biological guidelines are provided by the expert groups in this field, such as Bioinitiative, Building Biology, EUROPAEM, Seletun, Salzburg, etc.

Typical values for sensitive people are:

Power Flux Density and SAR are heating metrics, not directly relevant to non-thermal ES/EHS.

  • • BioInitiative Report: "A Rationale for Biologically-based Public Exposure Standards for Electromagnetic Fields (ELF and RF)" (2012).

  • • Building Biology: Guidelines (2008).

  • • EUROPAEM EMF Guidelines (ELF and RF) (2016).

  • • Fragopoulou A et al.: “Scientific panel on electromagnetic field health risks: consensus points, recommendations, and rationales” Rev Environ Health. (2010) PMID: 21268443.

  • • Salzburg: "Precautionary limits" (2002).

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

(c) Objective biological safety guidelines

Safety guidelines should be based on objective biological measures, such as DNA fragmentation, cell hydration, miRNA effects, oogenesis, VGCC effects and nitric oxide (NO). Some are especially suited to either radiofrequency or ELF.

The outdated and invalidated heating hypothesis by Schwan of 1953 with its modelling of tissue heating qualities (SAR: Specific Absorption Rate) is irrelevant to most health outcomes, such as cancers, cardiovascular effects, DNA damage, EHS, fertility impairment and neurological effects.

  1. (i) Radiofrequency safety guideline markers

  • • Ayrapetyan S et al: “Cell hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms” Scientific World Journal. (2014) PMID: 25587574.

  • • Belyaev IY: “Dependence of non-thermal biological effects of microwaves on physical and biological variables: implications for reproducibility and safety standards” Eur J Oncol Library. (2010) article.

  • • Belyaev I: “Non-thermal biological effects of microwaves” Mikrotalasna revija. [Microwave Rev.] (2005) article.

  • • Blank M et al.: “Electromagnetic fields and health: DNA-based dosimetry” Electromagn Biol Med. (2012) PMID: 22676645.

  • • Margaritis LH et al: “Drosophila oogenesis as a bio-marker responding to EMF sources” Electromagn Biol Med. (2014) PMID: 23915130.

  • • Pall ML: “How to Approach the Challenge of Minimizing Non-Thermal Health Effects of Microwave Radiation from Electrical Devices” Int J Innovat Res Engin Management (IJIREM). (2015) pdf.


  1. (ii) Power line safety guideline markers

  • • Ayrapetyan S et al: “Cell hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms” Scientific World Journal. (2014) PMID: 25587574.

  • • Blank M et al.: “Electromagnetic fields and health: DNA-based dosimetry” Electromagn Biol Med. (2012) PMID: 22676645.

  • • Li H et al.: “Exosomal Small RNA Sequencing Uncovers the microRNA Dose Markers for Power Frequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure” Biomarkers. (2018) PMID: 29297241.

  • • Liu Y et al.: “Overexpression of miR-26b-5p regulates the cell cycle by targeting CCND2 in GC-2 cells under exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields” Cell Cycle. (2016) PMID: 26637059. PMC4943694.


(d) Criticism of heating safety guidelines: FCC, WHO and ICNIRP

The ICNIRP 1998 Guidelines are for short-term 6-minute heating effects only and not long-term non-thermal effects: “These guidelines are based on short-term, immediate health effects such as stimulation of peripheral nerves and muscles, shocks and burns … and elevated tissue temperatures resulting from absorption of energy during exposure to EMF” and they do not protect against “potential long-term effects of exposure, such as an increased risk of cancer”. (ICNIRP: Guidelines, 1998)

The Guidelines are for short-term measurements averaged over 0.1 hour (6 minutes). This was established in the USA in 1966, for 10 mW/cm2 [100,000,000 μW/m2] for frequencies 10 MHz to 100 GHz, the heating limit suggested by Herman Schwan in 1953. STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  • • ANSI (American National Standards Institute) C95.1-1966: "Safety Level of Electromagnetic Radiation With Respect to Personnel"

The heating metric SAR was introduced in 1982 in the USA in response to Schwan’s mistaken heating hypothesis of 1953.

  • • ANSI C95.1-1982: “American National Standard safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 300 kHz to 100 GHz" Standard.


In 1991 in the USA the IEEE adopted 0.08 W/kg for whole body exposure and 1.6 W/kg for a 1cm cube of tissue.

  • • ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1991: “IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 KHz to 300 GHz" Standard.

  • • IEEE C95.1–2005: “Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz” Standard.

In comparison, in 1970 the USSR limits were:

0.1 W/m2 [100,000 μW/m2] up to 8 hours,

10 W/m2 [10,000,000 μW/m2] up to 20 minutes, but 0.1 W/m2 must not be exceeded at any other time during the day.

In comparison, in 2012 the Bioinitiative guidelines were:

6 μW/m2 for the general population

3 μW/m2 for children and sensitive people within the general population.

The ICNIRP Guidelines, like the FCC’s in the USA, do not protect against any effects of EM energy except acute heating of one degree within 6 minutes: “The FCC's current exposure guidelines, as well as those of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection, are thermally based, and do not apply to chronic, nonthermal exposure situations. They are believed to protect against injury that may be caused by acute exposures that result in tissue heating or electric shock and burn. The FCC's exposure guideline is considered protective of effects arising from a thermal mechanism but not from all possible mechanisms. Therefore, the generalization by many that the guidelines protect human beings from harm by any or all mechanisms is not justified." (US, EPA: Norbert Hankin: Letter to Janet Newton, July 6 2002)

The long-invalidated heating-only hypothesis, used by the small clique of regulators adopting this minority viewpoint, has been frequently criticised by the leading experts, now that non-thermal effects are well established.

There are also five common misconceptions about heating-only guidelines:

(i) Heating-only proponents, like ICNIRP, accept adverse non-thermal affects at ELF; since WiFi and mobile phones emit ELF as well as RF, this means that ICNIRP should also accept that WiFi and mobile phones can have adverse non-thermal effects.

(ii) Some heating-only proponents claim that ICNIRP’s heating guidelines, defined by SAR or temperature rise, relate also to homeostasis or thermoregulation. Homeostasis or thermoregulation, however, where there is no significant temperature rise, are biological processes which are different from a rise in temperature. ICNIRP guidelines do not aim to prevent these biological processes, but only a rise in temperature.

(iii) Many biological processes produce much greater temperature rises in the body than the one degree rise which is used as the maximum permissible by ICNIRP’s heating hypothesis. If ICNIRP’s heating hypothesis is correct, ICNIRP would also need to ban all human exercise which produces a temperature rise of more than one degree averaged over 6 minutes. STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

(iv) Established non-thermal biological processes are non-linear, unlike the heating hypothesis using SAR and power density. Thus biological effects depend on frequency, modulation and temporal exposure pattern, not necessarily on a dose-dependent or linear response. This makes these biological effects different from common dose-response models used in many areas of toxicology, since the body relies on its own EM signalling pathways which can be influenced by exogenous radiation.

(v) Heating-only proponents, like ICNIRP, accept that “certain sensitive people” need biological safety guidelines below ICNIRP’s heating-only guidelines. See above Section 4(a).

  • • Bailey WH ET AL.: “Accounting for human variability and sensitivity in setting standards for electromagnetic fields” Health Phys. (2007) PMID: 17495668.

  • • Bandara P et al.: “Letter to the Editor [Wifi exposure in Australian schools]” Rad Prot Dosimetry (2017) doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncx108; pdf.

  • • Bandara P et al.: “Cardiovascular disease: Time to identify emerging environmental risk factors” Eur J Prev Cardiol. (2017) PMID: 28969497; pdf.

  • • Frey AH: “Is a toxicology model appropriate as a guide for biological research with electromagnetic fields?” J Bioelect. (1990) pdf.

  • • Frey AH: “Biological function as influenced by low power modulated RF energy” IEEE Trans Microwave Theory and Techniques. (1971) pdf.

  • • Grigoriev Y: “Methodology of Standards Development for EMF RF in Russia and by International Commissions: Distinctions in Approaches” in Markov M (ed.) (2017) Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics (2017) ISBN: 978-1498774130; pdf.

  • • Hardell L et al.: “Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards” Biomed Pharmacother. (2008) PMID: 18242044.

  • • Hardell L: “World Health Organization, radiofrequency radiation and health – a hard nut to crack (Review)” Int J Oncology. (2017) PMID: 28656257. PMC5504984.

  • • Hensinger P et al.: “Wireless communication technologies: New study findings confirm risks of nonionizing radiation” umwelt-medizin-gesellschaft. (2016) pdf.

  • • Iakimenko IL et al.: [Metabolic changes in cells under electromagnetic radiation of mobile communication systems] Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). (2011) PMID: 21851043.

  • • Johansson O: “Disturbance of the immune system by electromagnetic fields - A potentially underlying cause for cellular damage and tissue repair reduction which could lead to disease and impairment” Pathophysiology. (2009) PMID: 19398310.

  • • Lan JQ et al.: “On the effects of glasses on the SAR in human head resulting from wireless eyewear devices at phone call state” Prog Biophys Mol Biol. (2018) PMID: 29428220.

  • • Leszczynski D ET AL.: “Mobile phone radiation health risk controversy: the reliability and sufficiency of science behind the safety standards” Health Res Policy Syst. (2010) PMID: 20205835; pdf.

  • • Marino AA et al.: “Trigeminal neurons detect cellphone radiation: Thermal or nonthermal is not the question” Electromagn Biol Med. (2017) PMID: 27419655.

  • • Markov M et al.: “Protect children from EMF” Electromagn Biol Med. (2015) PMID: 26444201.

  • • Markovà E et al.: “Microwaves from GSM mobile telephones affect 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in human lymphocytes from hypersensitive and healthy persons” Environ Health Perspect. (2005) PMID: 16140623. PMC1280397.

  • • Pall ML: “Scientific evidence contradicts findings and assumptions of Canadian Safety Panel 6: microwaves act through voltage-gated calcium channel activation to induce biological impacts at non-thermal levels, supporting a paradigm shift for microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic field action” Rev Environ Health. (2015) PMID: 25879308.

  • • Panagopoulos DJ et al.: “Evaluation of specific absorption rate as a dosimetric quantity for electromagnetic fields bioeffects” PLoS One.(2013) PMID: 23750202.

  • • Redmayne M: “International policy and advisory response regarding children's exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF)” Electromagn Biol Med. (2015) PMID: 26091083.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

  • • Rubtsova N et al.: “Intensity-time dependence dosing criterion in the EMF exposure guidelines in Russia” Electromagn Biol Med. (2018) PMID: 29493302.

  • • Sage C et al.: “Comments on SCENIHR: Opinion on potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields, Bioelectromagnetics 36:480-484 (2015)” Bioelectromagnetics. (2015) PMID: 26688202; RG.

  • • Sagioglou NE et al: “Apoptotic cell death during Drosophila oogenesis is differentially increased by electromagnetic radiation depending on modulation, intensity and duration of exposure” Electromagn Biol Med. (2016) PMID: 25333897.

  • • Sarkar S et al.: “Effect of low power microwave on the mouse genome: a direct DNA analysis” Mutat Res. (1994) PMID: 7506381.

  • • Starkey SJ: “Inaccurate official assessment of radiofrequency safety by the Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation” Rev Environ Health. (2016) PMID: 27902455; pdf.

  • • Steneck NH et al.: “The origins of U.S. safety standards for microwave radiation” Science. (1980) PMID: 6990492.

  • • Webster PC: “Federal Wi-Fi safety report is deeply flawed, say experts” CMAJ.(2014) PMID: 24756628; pdf.

  • • Yakymenko I et al.: “Long-term exposure to microwave radiation provokes cancer growth: evidences from radars and mobile communication systems” Exp Oncol. (2011) PMID: 21716201.


(e) Appeal to UN and WHO for biological safety guidelines

The EMF Scientist Appeal, to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Director-General of the WHO, is now signed by over 200 experts in this field who accept the majority non-thermal viewpoint. It shows how urgently governments should adopt biological guidelines, like the USSR and a growing number of other countries since the 1950s, and not align with minority viewpoint represented by ICNIRP and a small clique of industry and pro-wireless activists.

  • • The International Electromagnetic Field Scientist Appeal, submitted on May 11 2015 to His Excellency Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations; Honorable Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization; Honorable Achim Steiner, Executive Director of the U.N. Environmental Programme; U.N. Member Nations.


(f) Biological long-term safety guidelines

EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016: international biological safety guidelines: for EHS and sensitive people: 0.1 uW/m2 = 0.006 V/m for: WiFi 2.45 GHz WiFi 5.6 GHz, DAB+ (10 Hz pulsing) 1 uW/m2 = 0.019 V/m for: DECT cordless phones, GMS (2G), UMTS (3G), LTE (4G): EUROPAEM 2016 international safety guidelines: Table 3; Table 4.

  • • *Belyaev I et al.: “EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses” Rev Environ Health (2016) PMID: 27454111. Article.


Bioinitiative 2012 international biological safety guidelines: 3 uW/m2 for: sensitive population

6 uW/m2 for: general population Bioinitiative 2012 STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


Seletun Scientific Panel (2010)

  • • Fragopoulou A et al.: “Scientific panel on electromagnetic field health risks: consensus points, recommendations, and rationales” Rev Environ Health. (2010) PMID: 21268443; pdf.


The guidelines below are for the general population, not people sensitive to EM exposure.

New buildings: ELF: 100 nT

Environment: RF: 0.000033 W/kg whole body

RF: 170 uW/m2 (precautionary)

International Institute for Building-Biology and Ecology (2008) “Building Biology Evaluation Guidelines for Sleeping Areas” 7th edition (2008):

No concern: ELF: <20 nT

RF: <0.006 V/m

RF: <0.1 uW/m2 BB Guidelines (2008), (website)

Salzburg, new (2002):

Outdoors: RF: 10 uW/m2

Indoors: RF: 1.0 uW/m2 "Precautionary limits"; list

(g) Heating short-term guidelines (6 minutes)

The WHO/ICNIRP short-term heating guidelines are to prevent a temperature rise of one degree in six minutes:

200,000 nT (50 Hz), 400,000,000 nT (static)

4.0 W/kg (limbs); 2.0 W/kg (head); 0.08 W/kg (average whole body)

4,500,00 uW/m2 (900 MHz); 9,200,000 (1,800 MHz)

61 V/m (1,952 V/m peaks allowed) ICNIRP 1998

(h) Natural levels

0.0013 nT

<0.00002 W/kg

0.00000 uW/m2

0.00002 V/m

(i) Typical exposure levels

  • • Bhatt CR et al.: “Radiofrequency-electromagnetic field exposures in kindergarten children” J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. (2016) PMID: 27759027.


In 20 kindergartens, over 16 frequency bands between 88 MHz and 5.8 GHz, the median environmental exposure was 0.179 V/m and the median personal exposure of children was 0.081 V/m.

  • • Hardell L et al: “Radiofrequency radiation at Stockholm Central Railway Station in Sweden and some medical aspects on public exposure to RF fields” Int J Oncol. (2016) PMID: 27633090.


In a railway station there was a mean of 921 uW/m2 with outliers up to 95,500 uW/m2 and mean total for walkabouts of 2,800 to 4,900 uW/m2.

  • • Hedendahl LK at al.: “Measurements of Radiofrequency Radiation with a Body-Borne Exposimeter in Swedish Schools with Wi-Fi” Front Public Health. (2017) PMID: 29214149. PMC5703119.

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

52


Among 18 teachers from 7 schools for RF:

mean: 1.1 to 66.1 μW/m2

highest mean: 397 μW/m2 (during 5 min when students watched YouTube videos)

maximum peaks, from mobile phone uplink: 82,857 μW/m2.

  • • Kurnaz C et al.: “Monitoring of RF/Microwave field strength at schools in a pilot district in Samsun/Turkey” IEEE 16th Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), (2016) abstract. In 92 schools the maximum electric fields were 5.39 V/m and 3.04 V/m, while the maximum averages were 2.22 and 2.25 V/m.


  • • Mamrot P et al.: “Electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of DECT cordless telephones and mobile phones” Med Pr. (2015) PMID: 26674167.


DECT cordless phone handsets:

0.26-2.30 V/m (at 0.05 m); 0.18-0.26 V/m (at 1 m).

DECT cordless telephones base units:

1.78-5.44 V/m (at 0.05 m); 0.19-0.41 V/m (at 1 m).

Mobile phones (GSM with voice):

2.34-9.14 V/m (at 0.05 m); 0.18-0.47 V/m (at 1 m).

Mobile phones (WCDMA):

0.22-1.83 V/m (at 0.05 m); 0.18-0.20 V/m (at 1 m).

  • • Peyman A et al.: “Exposure to electromagnetic fields from smart utility meters in GB; part I) laboratory measurements” Bioelectromagnetics. (2017) PMID: 28324620.

Smart Meters: 15,000 uWm2 (max.) (at ≥0.5m); one outlier: 91,000 uWm2 (max.).

  • • Sagar S et al.: “Radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure in everyday microenvironments in Europe: A systematic literature review” J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. (2018) PMID: 28766560.

21 studies on the everyday microenvironments in Europe, 2000-2015:

Mean total RF-EMF spot measurements: Homes: 0.29 V/m; Outdoor: 0.54 V/m

Personal (trained researchers): Home: 0.24 V/m; Outdoor: 0.76 V/m.

Personal (volunteers): Homes: 0.16 V/m; Outdoor: 0.20 V/m

Transportation: highest mean total:

1.96 V/m trains (Belgium 2007, >95% of exposure from uplink)

  • • Sagar S et al.: “Comparison of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels in different everyday microenvironments in an international context” Envir Intern. (2018) Abstract.

RF-EMF exposure in 94 outdoor worldwide microenvironments and 18 public transport vehicles. Taken either by walking with a backpack for 30 min, or driving a car with roof-mounted for 15–20 min, with a sampling rate of once every 4 s (ExpoM-RF) and 5 s (EME Spy 201).

Mean total RF-EMF exposure:

Outdoors: from 0.23 V/m (non-central residential, Switzerland) to 1.85 V/m (university, Australia),

Public transport:

from 0.32 V/m (bus, rural, Switzerland) to 0.86 V/m (auto rickshaw, urban, Nepal).

In most outdoor areas: major contribution: mobile phone base stations.

Otherwise: broadcasting dominant.

Mobile phone uplink generally very small, except in Swiss trains and some Swiss buses. STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

• Urbinello D et al.: “Radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure levels in different European outdoor urban environments in comparison with regulatory limits” Environ Int. (2014) PMID: 24704639.


In 2011-12, on 12 different days, every 4s for 15-30 min per area, repeated 12 times over 1 year:

Basel, Switzerland (limit: 4-6 V/m):

outdoor areas for mobile phone base stations: 0.22 V/m (mean)

Amsterdam, Netherlands (limit: 41-61 V/m):

outdoor areas for mobile phone base stations: 0.41 V/m (mean)

  • • Verloock L et al.: “Assessment of radio frequency exposures in schools, homes, and public places in Belgium” Health Phys. (2014) PMID: 25353235.


Schools: 0.2 V/m average; 3.2 V/m maximal (WiFi).

Homes: 0.1 V/m average; 1.1 V/m maximal (telecommunication).

Public places: 0.6 V/m average; 2.4 V/m maximal (telecommunication).

Offices: 0.9 V/m average; 3.3 V/m maximal (telecommunication).

(j) Risk assessment for EHS and related EM effects

  • • Aalam N: “Radio frequency radiation exposure, health hazards and risk assessment strategies” IEEExplore (2017) abstract.

(k) Utilitarian ‘cost’ argument: difference between:

(i) Stochastic cancer death risk from ionising radiation, and (ii) Deterministic EHS ‘living death’ risk from non-ionising radiation

Governments typically consider potential lifetime excess cancer risks, as from nuclear plants, of between 1 and 10 per million as “acceptable” for non-occupational exposures. EHS, however, is not essentially a cancer condition but can result in a ‘living death’ for the persons affected. Since there is up to 100% certainty of EM exposure causing this ‘living death’ for those affected, it is inappropriate to consider as similar (i) stochastic cancer death risks from ionising radiation, and (ii) deterministic EHS ‘living death’ risks from non-ionising radiation.

In 2007 the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) suggested that a death rate of one in 1 million exposed individuals may be considered acceptable to society. The ICRP defines ‘justification’ by whether

“… a planned activity involving radiation is, overall, beneficial, i.e. whether the benefits to individuals and to society … outweigh the harm (including radiation detriment) resulting from the activity … i.e., whether the benefits to individuals and to society (including the reduction in radiation detriment) from introducing or continuing the remedial action outweigh its cost and any harm or damage it causes.” [ “The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection” ICRP Publication 103 (extract). p.25]

The UK’s Health & Safety Executive allows an expected death rate of one in 1 million from environmental pollution such as atomic radiation:

“HSE's practice is to advise against homes being built in places where any individual's chance of receiving a dangerous dose [of chemicals] was greater than 1 in 105 (1 in 100 000) per year.” [HSE, section 69] “the measures taken for nuclear installations mean that the risk borne on average by members of the public in the vicinity of a plant from its normal operation will generally be no more than 1 in 1 million (1 in 106) per annum.” [HSE 1992, section 174] STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


HSE: “… does not advise against granting planning permission on safety grounds for developments where such individual risk is less than 1 in a million a year. (Somewhat different criteria are applied to sensitive developments where those exposed to the risk are more vulnerable, e.g. schools, hospitals or old peoples’ homes, or to industrial or leisure developments, reflecting the different characteristics of the hypothetical person used to assess individual risk).” [HSE 2001, paragraph 138]

  • • Busby C: “Child health and ionizing radiation: Science, Politics and European Law” Pediatr Dimensions. (2017) abstract; pdf.

  • • Health and Safety Executive: (2001) “Reducing risks, protecting people” HSE; pdf. Rimington JD (chair) et al: “The Tolerability of Risk from Nuclear Power Stations” HSE, 1988, rev.1992; pdf.

  • • Setton E et al.: “Risk-based indicators of Canadians' exposures to environmental carcinogens” Environ Health. (2013) PMID: 23398723; pdf.

  • • Valentin J: “The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection” ICRP; no.103; pdf of extract.


(l) Subservience of WHO to IAEA: Since 1959 the World Health Organization (WHO) has been subservient to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on all matters to do with radiation:

  • • “Agreement Between the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization” (1959) Agreement.


“… it is recognized by the World Health Organization that the International Atomic Energy Agency has the primary responsibility for encouraging, assisting and coordinating research and development and practical application of atomic energy for peaceful uses throughout the world …”

(Article 1.2)

“Whenever either organization proposes to initiate a program or activity on a subject in which the other organization has or may have a substantial interest, the first party shall consult the other with a view to adjusting the matter by mutual agreement.” (Article 1.3)

(m) UK’s switch from AGNIR to COMARE:

In 1990 the UK government founded AGNIR (Advisory Group On Non-Ionising Radiation). This was an attempt to quash concerns about cancers and other adverse effects caused by non-ionising radiation, such as from power lines and wireless radio frequency from mobile phones. It was at first chaired by Sir Richard Doll, famous for linking smoking and cancer, but later notorious for switching sides and supporting industries and governments involved in environmental pollution.

In 2016 a peer-reviewed study showed that AGNIR’s 2016 Radio Frequency Report, which was not peer-reviewed, was ‘inaccurate’ and ‘unsafe’.

  • • Starkey SJ: “Inaccurate official assessment of radiofrequency safety by the Advisory Group on Non-ionising Radiation” Rev Environ Health. (2016) PMID: 27902455. Article.


In 2017 the UK government disbanded AGNIR (Advisory Group On Non-Ionising Radiation) and

transferred AGNIR’s role in giving advice on non-ionising radiation to COMARE (Committee on Medical Aspects of Radiation in the Environment). This group was established in 1985 to quash concerns about STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

cancer clusters discovered near Sellafield and other nuclear plants with non-ionizing radiation. COMARE is a committee which accepts the utilitarian approach of ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection).

(n) Radio frequency radiation safety guidelines

Figure on next page: RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION SAFETY GUIDELINES for: Power Flux Density (a heating metric) – micro Watt per metre squared (μW/m2) This shows:

Natural levels 0.000001 μW/m2

Biological safety guidelines 0.1 μW/m2 and 10 μW/m2

UK 6-minute heating guidelines 4,500,000 μW/m2 and 9,200,000 μW/m2 STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

56 STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________

11. (a) Cancer Risks and (b) Cancer Classification (WHO/IARC)

(a) Cancer Risks Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It accounts for 15% of deaths. There are some 200 different types of cancer, some of which are rare. There are many risks for cancers, both intrinsic and external, with many estimates, including diet and obesity (30-35%), smoking (25-30%), infections (15-20%), environmental pollution and stress (5-25%), and genetics (5-10%) (e.g. Anand P et al., 2008; Wu S et al., 2016). Another study found 38% of cancers can be attributed to known risk factors, with the two highest modifiable risk factors at 15% for smoking and 6% for obesity (Brown KF et al., 2018) The biophysical effects of electromagnetic exposure can be cumulative, so the duration is relevant as well as the intensity, frequency, modulation and amplitude of exposure. For most cancers it takes years for symptoms to appear.

Studies listed in this ‘Selected Studies’ show:

  • Living within about 500 metres of a phone mast has been show to increase the risk of genetic damage, immune damage and cancers, typically by up to 3 and sometimes by up to 5 times, compared with living further away. This also applies to radio and TV masts and was suspected in 1994 62 and confirmed in 1996. (e.g. Dode AC et al., 2010; Eger H et al., 2004; Gandhi G et al., 2015; Ghosh PM et al., 2015; Gulati S et al., 2018; Hocking B et al., 1996; Hocking B et al., 2003; Houshyari M et al., 2015; Khurana VG et al., 2010; Kundi M et al., 2009; Levitt BB et al., 2010; Taheri M et al., 2017; Wolf R et al., 2004; Zothansiama et al., 2017).

62 Maskarinec G et al.: “Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukemia near radio towers in Hawaii: preliminary observations” J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. (1994) PMID: 7823291.

  • Living within about 600 metres of power lines has been known since 1979 to increase the risk of cancers, often by 1.3 to 1.5 or up to 3 times compared with living further away. In some countries and for some voltages the risk for children has been shown to be over 10 times. (e.g. Sohrabi MR et al., 2010; see many more studies listed under, e.g., Leukaemia)


  • Use of a mobile phone and similar wireless devices has been linked with brain tumours since 1999 (analogue) and 2009 (digital). Since 1953 brain tumours have been associated with various electromagnetic exposures, especially for exposures of 10 years or more. Some cases, however, have been reported within 5 years of using a mobile phone or working with radar. Typically, heavy long-term mobile phone users have up to 3 times the risk of brain tumours compared with light users, and up to 5 times if starting aged under 20 years. (e.g. Carlberg M et al., 2014; see many more studies listed under, e.g., Brain Tumours, Cancer, Glioma, etc.)

In comparison, for lung cancer, which is caused by smoking in 85% of cases (NHS), typically, light smokers aged 35-49 have a 3 (males) to 5 (females) times higher risk of lung cancer than non-smokers. Heavy smokers are up to 13 (women) to 24 (men) times more likely to die from lung cancer than non-smokers (Schane RE et al., 2010; see also Taghizadeh N et al., Table 2, 2016). At age 60 a smoker has a 10% risk of lung cancer by age 75, compared with a 0.5% risk for a non-smoker (Netdoctor). Passive smoking accounts for about 20% of lung cancers in non-smokers (CRUK). STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________


(b) Cancer Classification

(i) World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO / IARC

Much of the Electromagnetic spectrum, including frequencies at (a) ELF (Extremely Low Frequency, MW (Microwave Frequency) and RF (Radio Frequency), (b) the visible spectrum, and (c) ionising frequencies, is now regarded as a possible, probable or certain human carcinogen.

These carcinogenic outcomes are non-thermal effects and thus outside the scope of ICNIRP’s safety guidelines, which are based on Schwan’s mistaken hypothesis of 1953 that heating is the only adverse effect of EM exposure. The ICNIRP heating limits prevent a rise in body temperature of one degree within 6 minutes, although the same temperature rise can be achieved through exercise but without the known consequences from EM exposure of cardiovascular, fertility and neurological harm and cancers.

  1. (a) Electromagnetic energy (ELF, RF): WHO/IARC:

  2. Radio Frequency (RF): 2B (possible) human carcinogen (2011)

  3. Extremely Low Frequency (ELF): 2B (possible) human carcinogen (2002)


The following studies confirm ELF and RF as a class 2B (possible) human carcinogen. RF:

  • • Baan R et al.: “Carcinogenicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields” Lancet Oncol. (2011) PMID: 21845765. Article.

  • • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO): “IARC Classifies radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans” Press Release no. 208 (2011). Article (2013).

ELF:

  • • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO): “Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: Static and ELF Electric and Magnetic Fields” IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 80 (2002).

  • • Mild KH et al.: “Occupational carcinogens: ELF MFs” Environ Health Perspect. (2005) PMID: 16263490. PMC1310936.


See below at the end of this section for studies arguing that the evidence now requires that ELF and RF should be reclassified as a class 2A (probable) or class 1 (certain) human carcinogen.

  1. (b) Electromagnetic energy: visible blue light (in visible light, the colour blue has the shortest wavelength and highest frequency) at night, as in shift-work, disrupts the body’s circadian rhythm and reduces melatonin, a cancer suppressor.

WHO/IARC:

  • Visible blue light at night: 2A (probable) human carcinogen (2007)

  • • Brainard GC et al.: “Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: evidence for a novel circadian photoreceptor” J Neurosci. (2001) PMID: 11487664.

  • • Canadian Union of Public Employees: “Shiftwork” Health & Safety Factsheet.

  • • Giachello CN et al.: “Magnetic Fields Modulate Blue-Light-Dependent Regulation of Neuronal Firing by Cryptochrome” J Neurosci. (2016) PMID: 27798129.

  • • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO): “IARC Monographs Programme finds cancer hazards associated with shiftwork, painting and firefighting” Press Release no. 180 (2007);

STUDIES ON ELECTROSENSITIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC HYPER-SENSITIVITY ____________________________________________________________________59



  • • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO): “Shiftwork”IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 98(2010).

  • • Portnov BA et al.: “Light at night and breast cancer incidence in Connecticut: An ecological study of age group effects” Sci Total Environ. (2016)PMID: 27531467.

  • • Sasseville A et al.: “Blue blocker glasses impede the capacity of bright light to suppress melatonin production” J Pineal Res.(2006) PMID: 16842544.

  • • Wright HR et al.: “Effect of light wavelength on suppression and phase delay of the melatonin rhythm” Chronobiol Int. (2001)PMID: 11763987.

  • • Yoshii T et al.: “Cryptochrome mediates light-dependent magnetosensitivity of Drosophila's circadian clock” PLoS Biol. (2009) PMID: 19355790.

  1. (c) Electromagnetic ionising frequencies, as in x-rays and gamma (γ) rays

WHO/IARC:

  • X-rays and gamma rays: 1 (certain) human carcinogen (1999)

  • • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO): “Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: X- and Gamma (γ)-Radiation and Neutrons” IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.75(2000).

  • • IARC: “5. Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation” (2000).


(ii) WHO/IARC: System of cancer classification:

The IARC classifies human and animal evidence as one of the following four categories:

  • • no evidence

  • • inadequate

  • • limited

  • • sufficient

WHO/IARC CLASS

Level of evidence required

Group 2

(i) Humans: almost sufficient evidence

or (ii) no Human data but Animal: sufficient evidence.

(The terms ‘probably’ and ‘possibly’ have no quantitative significance; they are descriptors of different levels of Human evidence, higher or lower.)

Class 2B (possible) human carcinogen

based on 3 possible combinations:

  1. (i) Humans: limited evidence + Animals: insufficient evidence

or (ii) Humans: inadequate evidence + Animals: sufficient evidence

or (iii) Humans: inadequate evidence + Animals: insufficient

evidence + Mechanistic evidence etc.

Class 2A (probable) human carcinogen

based on 2 possible combinations:

  1. (i) Humans: limited evidence + Animals: sufficient evidence

or (ii) Humans: inadequate evidence + Animals: sufficient evidence

+ Mechanistic evidence etc. (or as member of class of agents in 1/2A)

Group / Class 1

Humans: sufficient evidence.


Ancient news stories from years ago on cell phone health effects that I collected back then:


- AH getting brain tumor removed from his brain. He was a frequent user of cell phones.

~~~

"Cellphones a 'possible' carcinogen — like coffee"

LONDON – A respected international panel of scientists says cellphones are possible cancer-causing agents, putting them in the same category as the pesticide DDT, gasoline engine exhaust and coffee.

Cell Phone More Of A Cancer Hazard Than Cigarettes....

A study by an award-winning cancer expert shows that cell phone use could kill more people than smoking, it is reported.

According to the U.K.'s Independent newspaper, the study, headed by Dr. Vini Khurana, shows that there is a growing body of evidence that using handsets for 10 years or more can double the risk of brain cancer.

~~~~~

An Israeli scientist, Dr. Siegal Sadetzki, has found a link between cell phone usage and the development of tumors.

Dr. Sadetzki, a physician, epidemiologist and lecturer at Tel Aviv University, published the results of a study recently in the American Journal of Epidemiology, in which she and her colleagues found that heavy cell phone users were subject to a higher risk of benign and malignant tumors of the salivary gland.

Those who used a cell phone heavily on the side of the head where the tumor developed were found to have an increased risk of about 50% for developing a tumor of the main salivary gland (parotid), compared to those who did not use cell phones.

~~~~~

Medical Research News

One of Australia's leading neurosurgeons has warned about the heavy reliance on mobile phones in today's society.

Dr. Vini Khurana, who is one of the world's top neurosurgeons, says mobile phones could present an even greater threat to human health than smoking and asbestos.

After conducting a 15-month critical review of the link between mobile phones and malignant brain tumours, Dr. Khurana says using mobiles for more than 10 years could more than double the risk of brain cancer.

~~~~~

Study: Cell phone signals excite brain

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -- Cell phone emissions excite the part of the brain cortex nearest to the phone, but it is not clear if these effects are harmful, Italian researchers reported on Monday.

They had 15 young male volunteers use a GSM 900 cell phone for 45 minutes. In 12 of the 15, the cells in the motor cortex adjacent to the cell phone showed excitability during phone use but returned to normal within an hour.

The cortex is the outside layer of the brain and the motor cortex is known as the "excitable area" because magnetic stimulation has been shown to cause a muscle twitch.

~~~~~

However, the group said there was evidence that radiation from mobile phones could potentially cause adverse health effects, and therefore a "precautionary approach" to their use should be adopted. The government currently advises mobile phone users to keep their call times short.

And children under the age of 16 should use mobile phones for essential calls only, because their head and nervous systems may still be developing.

we know there is a correlation. even if it's a weak one it's still a concern. why take the risk?

~~~~~

As much as they still want to deny it... the fact is there is a link b/w mobile phone use & brain tumor. even a weak link is enough to say it's problematic and should be minimized..........

The study, headed by Lennart Hardell, a professor of oncology at University Hospital in Orebro, is published today in a specialist British journal, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Over the past six years, a series of studies, several of them carried out by the Orebro team, have suggested a higher statistical risk of brain tumours among heavy and long-term users of mobile phones.

~~~~~

Study: Mobile phone radiation harms DNA in lab

MUNICH/AMSTERDAM, Germany/Netherlands (Reuters) -- Radio waves from mobile phones harm body cells and damage DNA in laboratory conditions, according to a new study majority-funded by the European Union, researchers said on Monday.

The research project, which took four years and which was coordinated by the German research group Verum, studied the effect of radiation on human and animal cells in a laboratory.

After being exposed to electromagnetic fields that are typical for mobile phones, the cells showed a significant increase in single and double-strand DNA breaks. The damage could not always be repaired by the cell. DNA carries the genetic material of an organism and its different cells.

"There was remaining damage for future generation of cells," said project leader Franz Adlkofer.

~~~~~

Study Links Mobile Phones, Benign Tumors

By MATT MOORE, Associated Press Writer STOCKHOLM, Sweden - A Swedish study suggests that people who use a cell phone for at least 10 years might increase their risk of developing a rare benign tumor along a nerve on the side of the head where they hold the phone.

In an interview Thursday with The Associated Press, one of the researchers behind the preliminary study, Anders Ahlbom, said the results were surprising and more research is needed.

~~~~~

Johnny Cochrane`s brain tumor linked to cell phone use

CNN TV

Johnny Cochrane, the famous lawyer from the O.J.Simpson trial died recently from a brain tumour. Dr Keith Black, well known neuro surgeon from Cedars -Sinai medical center in Los Angeles has determined that the tumour and his death were strongly connected to his cell phone use.

~~~~~

Now, a new study -- which found that the amount of radiation given off by a cell phone can disrupt your sleep -- is adding a little more gas to the fire,

The study, which was conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), showed that exposure to electromagnetic radiation resulted in disturbed sleep patterns, potentially affecting your body's ability to recover from a day of stress.